Phlebotomy Master Quiz: Understanding the Circulatory System

The correct answer is type O because it is considered the universal blood type that can be transfused to patients of any blood type.

The correct answer is 4 because the human heart has 4 chambers - 2 atria and 2 ventricles which work together to pump blood efficiently through the circulatory system.

Serum is the clear, straw-colored liquid that separates from clotted blood. It does not contain white blood cells and is not a skincare product or a substance used in chemical experiments.

Rh immunoglobin is given to an Rh negative mother on delivery if the baby is Rh positive to prevent sensitization that could result in hemolytic disease of the newborn in subsequent pregnancies.

The heart is part of the cardiovascular system, which is responsible for circulating blood throughout the body.

When blood returns to the heart, it enters the right atrium first before passing through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle.

During diastole, the heart muscle relaxes and the chambers of the heart fill with blood. This is a crucial phase of the cardiac cycle for ensuring proper blood circulation.

White blood cells are part of the immune system and their main function is to defend the body against infections by neutralizing and destroying pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites.

Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to various parts of the body, providing essential nutrients and oxygen to cells.

A Type & Cross-match is a procedure done prior to a blood transfusion. The correct department to send this request to is Lavender With Blood Bank where the blood typing and compatibility testing is performed to ensure a safe transfusion process.

Plasma refers to the fluid portion of unclotted blood, not to be confused with the other options provided.

Coagulation is a phase in the process of blood clotting where the liquid blood transforms into a gel-like substance to stop bleeding. It is distinct from the platelet phase and vascular phase in the overall clotting process.

A Buffy coat refers to a specific biological component of blood, not to any type of clothing or occupation. It is important for separating different blood components during laboratory procedures.

Septa/serum are structures within the heart that separate the heart into distinct chambers to ensure the efficient flow of blood through the organ.

RBCs are unique cells in the body with specific characteristics such as being anuclear, bi-concave in shape, and having a specific diameter range around 7-8 mm. The incorrect answers provided help highlight the key characteristics of RBCs by contrasting them with inaccurate attributes.

Capillaries connect arterioles to venules is false because capillaries are the smallest blood vessels that connect arterioles to venules.

The correct sequence of chambers and valves through which blood passes is from the right atrium to the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve. The other options do not follow the correct path of blood flow in the heart.

When the right ventricle contracts, it pumps blood out through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary artery, not into the aorta, left atrium, or vena cava.

Arterioles are small branches of arteries that lead to capillaries, while venules are small veins that connect to capillaries. Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels where oxygen and nutrients are exchanged, and veins carry blood back to the heart.

The tricuspid valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle, allowing blood flow from the atrium to the ventricle. It is called tricuspid because it consists of three leaflets or cusps. The other options, mitral valve, pulmonary valve, and aortic valve, are all different valves located in the heart with specific functions and locations.

Platelet count and bleeding time tests are specifically designed to assess the functioning of primary Hemostasis in the body. Primary Hemostasis involves the initial formation of a platelet plug to prevent bleeding.

Veins normally carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart except for the pulmonary vein which carries oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart for circulation throughout the body.

The left ventricle's main function is to pump oxygenated blood into the aorta, which will then distribute it to the rest of the body. This process ensures that all organs and tissues receive oxygen-rich blood for proper function.

The pulmonary artery is responsible for carrying deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.

Antigens present or absent on the red blood cell determine an individual's blood type, which is crucial for blood transfusions and organ transplants.

When the right atrium contracts, the blood enters the right ventricle before being pumped to the lungs for oxygenation.

The correct term for the coagulation process is hemostasis, which is the body's natural response to stop bleeding. Thrombosis refers to the formation of blood clots within blood vessels, agglutination is the clumping of particles, and fibrillation is the rapid, irregular, and unsynchronized contraction of heart muscles.

Red blood cells, also known as erythrocytes, contain hemoglobin that binds with carbon dioxide and transports it to the tissues.

The QRS complex on an ECG represents the electrical activity of the ventricles, while the T-wave represents ventricular repolarization. The atria, sinoatrial node, and bundle of His are not directly represented by the QRS and T-wave on an ECG.

Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels in the body where the exchange of gases and nutrients occurs between the blood and tissues.