Exam 8 Target 1 Retake Preap

1. The process of charging a conductor by bringing it near another charged object and then grounding the conductor is called

A. contact charging.

B. Polarization

C. induction.

D. neutralization.

The process described in the question involves bringing a conductor near a charged object and then grounding the conductor. This is known as induction. During induction, the charged object induces a separation of charges in the conductor, causing one side to become positively charged and the other side to become negatively charged. Grounding the conductor allows the excess charges to flow into the ground, resulting in a neutral conductor. Therefore, the correct answer is c. induction.

Explanation

The process described in the question involves bringing a conductor near a charged object and then grounding the conductor. This is known as induction. During induction, the charged object induces a separation of charges in the conductor, causing one side to become positively charged and the other side to become negatively charged. Grounding the conductor allows the excess charges to flow into the ground, resulting in a neutral conductor. Therefore, the correct answer is c. induction.

2. If a positively charged glass rod is used to charge a metal bar by induction, the charge on the bar

A. will be equal in magnitude to the charge on the glass rod.

B. must be negative.

C. must be positive.

D. will be greater in magnitude than the charge on the glass rod.

When a positively charged glass rod is used to charge a metal bar by induction, the charge on the bar must be negative. This is because when the positively charged rod is brought near the metal bar, it repels the positive charges in the metal, causing them to move away. This leaves the metal bar with an excess of negative charges, resulting in a negative charge on the bar. Therefore, the charge on the bar must be negative.

Explanation

When a positively charged glass rod is used to charge a metal bar by induction, the charge on the bar must be negative. This is because when the positively charged rod is brought near the metal bar, it repels the positive charges in the metal, causing them to move away. This leaves the metal bar with an excess of negative charges, resulting in a negative charge on the bar. Therefore, the charge on the bar must be negative.

3. Both insulators and conductors can be charged by

A. grounding.

B. polarization.

C. induction.

D. contact.

Insulators and conductors can both be charged by contact. When a charged object comes into contact with an insulator or a conductor, the charges from the object can transfer to the material through the process of conduction. This allows the insulator or conductor to become charged. Therefore, contact is a method that can be used to charge both insulators and conductors.

Explanation

Insulators and conductors can both be charged by contact. When a charged object comes into contact with an insulator or a conductor, the charges from the object can transfer to the material through the process of conduction. This allows the insulator or conductor to become charged. Therefore, contact is a method that can be used to charge both insulators and conductors.

4. Conductors can be charged by _______________, while insulators cannot.

A. Grounding

B. Polarization

C. Induction

D. Contact

Insulators cannot be charged because they do not allow the flow of electrons. Conductors, on the other hand, can be charged through induction. Induction occurs when a charged object is brought near a conductor, causing the charges in the conductor to redistribute. This redistribution of charges creates an induced charge on the conductor, allowing it to become charged. Grounding, polarization, and contact can also lead to the charging of conductors, but induction specifically refers to the process of charging a conductor by bringing a charged object near it.

Explanation

Insulators cannot be charged because they do not allow the flow of electrons. Conductors, on the other hand, can be charged through induction. Induction occurs when a charged object is brought near a conductor, causing the charges in the conductor to redistribute. This redistribution of charges creates an induced charge on the conductor, allowing it to become charged. Grounding, polarization, and contact can also lead to the charging of conductors, but induction specifically refers to the process of charging a conductor by bringing a charged object near it.

5. When a charged body is brought close to an uncharged body without touching it, a(n) _______________ charge may result on the uncharged body. When a charged body is brought into contact with an uncharged body and then is removed, a(n) _______________ charge may result on the uncharged body.

A. negative; positive

B. induced; residual

C. positive; negative

D. residual; induced

When a charged body is brought close to an uncharged body without touching it, the charged body induces a temporary charge on the uncharged body. This induced charge is opposite in nature to the charge of the charged body, resulting in a temporary opposite charge on the uncharged body. This is why the first blank is filled with "induced".

When a charged body is brought into contact with an uncharged body and then is removed, some charge may remain on the uncharged body. This remaining charge is called residual charge. The nature of this charge depends on the nature of the charged body. If the charged body has a positive charge, it will leave a negative charge on the uncharged body. Therefore, the second blank is filled with "residual".

Explanation

When a charged body is brought close to an uncharged body without touching it, the charged body induces a temporary charge on the uncharged body. This induced charge is opposite in nature to the charge of the charged body, resulting in a temporary opposite charge on the uncharged body. This is why the first blank is filled with "induced".

When a charged body is brought into contact with an uncharged body and then is removed, some charge may remain on the uncharged body. This remaining charge is called residual charge. The nature of this charge depends on the nature of the charged body. If the charged body has a positive charge, it will leave a negative charge on the uncharged body. Therefore, the second blank is filled with "residual".