Environmental Issues Of Africa

Explanation
Deforestation refers to the clearing and cutting down of trees for various purposes such as economic development, creating farmlands, generating fuel, and supporting population growth. This process leads to the loss of forest cover and biodiversity, disrupts ecosystems, and contributes to climate change. Deforestation is a significant environmental issue that can have detrimental effects on the planet, including the loss of habitat for wildlife, increased greenhouse gas emissions, and soil erosion.

Explanation
Irrigation is the correct answer because it refers to the process of supplying water to agricultural land in order to promote the growth of crops. It involves the use of various techniques such as canals, ditches, and sprinklers to distribute water efficiently to the areas where it is needed for farming. Extraction, drought, and deforestation are not directly related to the process of supplying water for farming.

Explanation
The presence of bacteria in the water from certain soils and vegetation can contaminate the water and make it unsafe for drinking. This contamination of water by bacteria is a form of water pollution. Water pollution refers to the introduction of harmful substances or microorganisms into water bodies, making it unfit for human consumption or for the survival of aquatic organisms. In this case, the bacteria present in the water contribute to the lack of safe drinking water in Africa.

Explanation
Desertification in Africa can be attributed to several factors. Firstly, the increasing population puts pressure on the land, leading to overexploitation and degradation. Secondly, drought is a common occurrence in many parts of Africa, causing soil moisture depletion and making the land more susceptible to desertification. Over-grazing of animals is another significant factor as it leads to the removal of vegetation cover, exposing the soil to erosion. The arid climate prevalent in many regions of Africa exacerbates the desertification process. Deforestation, particularly for agricultural purposes, further contributes to the loss of vegetation and soil degradation. These factors collectively contribute to the desertification problem in Africa.

Explanation
Deforestation occurs primarily to clear land for farming, as agricultural activities require large areas of land. Additionally, deforestation is driven by the need to keep up with growing populations, as more land is needed to accommodate the increasing demand for resources. Another significant reason for deforestation is to sell timber products for profit, as the logging industry is a lucrative business. These reasons explain the causes behind deforestation and the negative impact it has on the environment.

Explanation
Water pollution in sub-Saharan Africa has several negative effects. Firstly, it leads to a lack of safe drinking water, which poses a serious health risk to the population. Additionally, water pollution contributes to decreased economic growth as it affects agricultural productivity and limits access to clean water for industries. Moreover, the contamination of water sources results in sickness, disease, and death of both people and animals, further exacerbating the public health crisis in the region.