Electrical Energy And Capacitance (16)

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When capacitors are connected in series, they share the same charge. This means that the charge on each capacitor is equal. Additionally, when capacitors are connected in series, the equivalent capacitance of the group is always less than the capacitance of any individual capacitor. This is because the total capacitance is inversely proportional to the sum of the reciprocals of the individual capacitances. Lastly, the largest potential difference appears across the capacitor with the smallest capacitance. This is because the potential difference is directly proportional to the reciprocal of the capacitance.

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When the voltage across a capacitor decreases by a factor of 2, it means that the potential difference between the two plates of the capacitor decreases to half of its original value. This can happen when the capacitor discharges or when the voltage source connected to the capacitor decreases. As the voltage across the capacitor decreases, the electric field between the plates also decreases, causing a decrease in the stored charge on the plates.