Can You Pass This Toughest Economics Exam? Quiz

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  • 1/50 Questions

    A change in the demand for the labor (shift in the D curve) may be caused by a change in the price of a certain capital goods (machines).

    • True
    • False
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About This Quiz

In life, when you pass through what people consider to be a difficult situation, there is a little chance that most situations may be a challenge for you. The quiz below is one of the toughest economic exam quizzes that I have got to prepare so far, and if you pass it, you are all good. Why don’t you try it out and share it with friends?

Can You Pass This Toughest Economics Exam? Quiz - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    A tariff:

    • Legally specifies the maximum amount of import ceilings.

    • Increases the supply of imported goods into the country that has established the tariff.

    • Is a special tax applied only to internationally traded goods, and is paid by the exporter of the goods.

    • Helps increase incomes in foreign countries

    Correct Answer
    A. Is a special tax applied only to internationally traded goods, and is paid by the exporter of the goods.
    Explanation
    A tariff is a special tax applied only to internationally traded goods, and is paid by the exporter of the goods. This means that when goods are imported into a country, the exporter of those goods is required to pay a tax, which is the tariff. This tax is specific to goods being traded internationally and is not applicable to goods traded within the country. By imposing a tariff, the importing country aims to protect domestic industries, regulate trade, and generate revenue.

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  • 3. 

    Change in P generates a change in QD

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The statement "Change in P generates a change in QD" is true. This means that when there is a change in the price (P) of a product, it will result in a change in the quantity demanded (QD) of that product. This is a fundamental concept in economics, as the demand for a product is influenced by its price. When the price increases, the quantity demanded usually decreases, and vice versa. This relationship is known as the law of demand. Therefore, it is correct to say that a change in price generates a change in quantity demanded.

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  • 4. 

    A fundamental reason that countries engage in trade is that:

    • It is more expensive to buy some good from other countries than to produce them at home

    • It improves the standard of living in the country

    • Domestic markets are continually shrinking.

    • Importing more goods than exporting foods and reduces a country's balance of trade deficit

    Correct Answer
    A. It improves the standard of living in the country
    Explanation
    Countries engage in trade because it improves the standard of living in the country. Trade allows countries to access goods and services that they may not be able to produce efficiently or at all. By importing these goods, countries can offer a wider variety of products to their citizens, leading to an improved standard of living. Additionally, trade promotes competition, which can lead to lower prices and better quality products for consumers. Overall, trade plays a crucial role in enhancing the standard of living in a country.

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  • 5. 

    A price that is maintained ABOVE market equilibrium will generate:

    • A surplus

    • A shortage

    • A condition where the quantity demanded is equal to the quantity supplied.

    • Both A and C

    Correct Answer
    A. A surplus
    Explanation
    When a price is maintained above market equilibrium, it means that the price is set higher than the price at which the quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied. This creates a situation where the quantity supplied exceeds the quantity demanded, leading to a surplus. A surplus occurs when there is an excess supply of a product, meaning that there are more goods available than there are buyers willing to purchase them. Therefore, the correct answer is a surplus.

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  • 6. 

    Minimum wage is an example of price floor

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Minimum wage is an example of a price floor because it sets a legal minimum price that employers must pay their workers. This means that employers are not allowed to pay wages below the minimum wage, creating a floor for wages. This policy is intended to protect workers and ensure they receive a fair wage, but it can also have unintended consequences such as reduced employment opportunities for low-skilled workers.

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  • 7. 

    Equilibrium is when both the price and quantity are same and balanced 

    • True

    • False

    • Depends

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Equilibrium refers to a state in which the supply and demand for a product or service are balanced, resulting in a stable price and quantity. In this state, the market is in a state of rest, with no tendency for the price or quantity to change. Therefore, it is correct to say that equilibrium occurs when both the price and quantity are the same and balanced.

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  • 8. 

    In a Pure Monopoly Industry, entry is blocked and there is advertisement used

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    In a pure monopoly industry, entry is blocked because there is only one dominant firm that controls the entire market. This means that new firms are unable to enter and compete in the industry. Additionally, advertisement is used in a pure monopoly industry to maintain and increase the firm's market power. The monopolistic firm utilizes advertising to create brand loyalty, differentiate its products from potential substitutes, and discourage potential new entrants. Therefore, the statement "In a Pure Monopoly Industry, entry is blocked and there is advertisement used" is true.

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  • 9. 

    The more UNequal the distribution of income in an economy:

    • The more social and political stability

    • The more developed the economy

    • The disparity between a Lorenz curve and its 45 degree line is greater.

    • The disparity between a Lorenz curve and its 45 degree line is less.

    Correct Answer
    A. The disparity between a Lorenz curve and its 45 degree line is greater.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "the disparity between a Lorenz curve and its 45 degree line is greater." This means that when the distribution of income in an economy is more unequal, the difference between the actual income distribution (represented by the Lorenz curve) and a perfectly equal income distribution (represented by the 45 degree line) is larger. This indicates a larger gap between the rich and the poor in the economy.

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  • 10. 

    The point where marginal revenue is most equal to marginal cost in a firm is important because it is also where:

    • Prices are the highest

    • Profits are the highest

    • Total costs are the highest

    • Output is the lowest

    Correct Answer
    A. Profits are the highest
    Explanation
    The point where marginal revenue is most equal to marginal cost in a firm is important because it signifies the optimal level of production where the additional revenue generated from selling one more unit is equal to the additional cost incurred in producing that unit. At this point, the firm maximizes its profits because any further increase in production would result in higher costs than the revenue generated. Therefore, the firm achieves its highest level of profits at this equilibrium point.

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  • 11. 

    As of 1973, the world is now using a fixed exchange rate system based on gold used to settle international transactions between any two countries.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The given statement is false. As of 1973, the world shifted away from the fixed exchange rate system based on gold. In 1973, the Bretton Woods system, which pegged the value of currencies to gold, was abandoned. Instead, countries adopted a flexible exchange rate system, where currency values are determined by market forces. This change allowed currencies to float freely and be traded based on supply and demand.

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  • 12. 

    Among high income occupations, those whith the LOWEST correlation (connection) between high pay and job performance are:

    • Movie stars like Tom Hanks

    • "superstar" professional athletes

    • Entertainers like Garth Brooks.

    • Doctors

    • Corporate CEO's of Fortune 100 companies

    Correct Answer
    A. Corporate CEO's of Fortune 100 companies
    Explanation
    The given answer states that corporate CEOs of Fortune 100 companies have the lowest correlation between high pay and job performance among high-income occupations. This means that the high pay received by CEOs does not necessarily reflect their job performance. This could be due to various factors such as the influence of external market conditions, the complexity of measuring CEO performance, or the impact of other factors like networking and connections in the corporate world.

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  • 13. 

    Which of the following statements about poverty in the US is correct?

    • Spending more on poverty aids always just increase the rate of poverty

    • As a percent of Federal budget expenditures, we are spending more on poverty today than in 1960.

    • The "War on Poverty" in the 1960s was a complete failure

    • In the US, people in poverty tend to remain in poverty their entire life.

    Correct Answer
    A. As a percent of Federal budget expenditures, we are spending more on poverty today than in 1960.
    Explanation
    The correct answer states that as a percentage of Federal budget expenditures, the US is spending more on poverty today than in 1960. This means that a higher proportion of the budget is allocated towards poverty-related programs and initiatives compared to the past. This suggests that the government is prioritizing poverty reduction and welfare measures to a greater extent than before, potentially indicating a recognition of the importance of addressing poverty in the country.

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  • 14. 

    Accounts for 29% of all world trade

    • Unequal distribution of income

    • Balance of trade surplus

    • The United States

    • The Monopolistically Competitive MC Industry

    • The Purely Competitive (PC) Industry

    Correct Answer
    A. The United States
    Explanation
    The United States accounts for 29% of all world trade. This means that nearly one-third of all global trade is conducted by the United States. This could be due to various factors such as the size and strength of the US economy, the presence of multinational corporations headquartered in the US, and the country's extensive trade relationships with other nations. The United States' significant role in global trade can have a significant impact on the global economy and international trade dynamics.

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  • 15. 

    If Spain can produce wine with fewer resources than cloth, and China can produce cloth with fewer resources than wine; then, according to the principles of free trade:

    • Spain has a comparative advantage in the production of wine

    • China has a comparative advantage in the production of wine.

    • Both countries should produce a surplus of both of these products.

    • Both countries should put a tariff on one of these products to promote free trade between them.

    • Both A and D above.

    Correct Answer
    A. Spain has a comparative advantage in the production of wine
    Explanation
    According to the principles of free trade, countries should specialize in producing goods in which they have a comparative advantage. In this scenario, Spain can produce wine with fewer resources than cloth, indicating that they have a comparative advantage in wine production. This means that Spain should focus on producing wine and trade it with other countries, including China, which has a comparative advantage in cloth production. Thus, Spain's comparative advantage in wine production is the correct answer.

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  • 16. 

    Which of the following is NOT an "other factor" determining the price elasticity of DEMAND for a product?

    • The number of substitutes available for the product

    • The percent of income required to purchase the product.

    • The amount of technology required to produce the product

    • Whether the product is perceived as a luxury or a necessity by the consumer

    Correct Answer
    A. The amount of technology required to produce the product
    Explanation
    The amount of technology required to produce the product is not an "other factor" determining the price elasticity of demand for a product. Price elasticity of demand is influenced by factors such as the availability of substitutes, the percent of income required to purchase the product, and whether the product is perceived as a luxury or a necessity by the consumer. The amount of technology required to produce the product does not directly affect the responsiveness of demand to price changes.

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  • 17. 

    The balance trade for the US is the same as the

    • Current account of our balance of payments

    • Capital account of our balance of payments

    • Reserve account of our balance of payments

    • Account of our special drawing rights (SDR) in the IMF.

    Correct Answer
    A. Current account of our balance of payments
    Explanation
    The correct answer is the current account of our balance of payments. The balance of trade refers to the difference between the value of a country's exports and imports of goods and services. This is a component of the current account, which also includes income from investments and transfers. The capital account of the balance of payments records the flow of financial assets between a country and the rest of the world. The reserve account of the balance of payments tracks changes in a country's official reserve assets. The account of special drawing rights (SDR) in the IMF is a separate international reserve asset held by member countries.

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  • 18. 

    A Gini coefficient near 1

    • Unequal distribution of income

    • Balance of Trade Surplus

    • The Purely Competitive (PC) Industry

    • The Monopolistically competitive MC Industry

    • The Unites States

    Correct Answer
    A. Unequal distribution of income
    Explanation
    The Gini coefficient is a measure of income inequality. It ranges from 0 to 1, with 0 indicating perfect equality and 1 indicating extreme inequality. A Gini coefficient near 1 suggests a high level of income inequality, meaning that the distribution of income is unevenly distributed among the population. This could imply that a small percentage of the population holds a large portion of the wealth, while the majority has limited access to resources and opportunities.

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  • 19. 

    In what year did Adam Smith write his book

    • 1776

    • 1967

    • 1787

    • 1766

    Correct Answer
    A. 1776
    Explanation
    Adam Smith wrote his book in the year 1776. This is the correct answer because 1776 is the only option provided that falls within the time frame when Adam Smith was alive and active as a writer. Additionally, 1776 is a significant year in the history of economics as it marks the publication of Smith's influential work, "The Wealth of Nations."

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  • 20. 

    A major reason why the firms in the "competitive" industries (PC and MC) are efficient is that:

    • They can produce at low output levels and make high profits

    • They can earn consistently high profits over the long run.

    • They must watch their costs carefully

    • They can charge high prices to consumers

    Correct Answer
    A. They must watch their costs carefully
    Explanation
    Firms in competitive industries must watch their costs carefully in order to remain efficient. This means that they need to closely monitor their expenses and find ways to minimize them. By doing so, they can maintain a competitive advantage and ensure that their prices remain competitive in the market. This focus on cost management allows these firms to optimize their resources and operate efficiently, ultimately leading to long-term profitability.

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  • 21. 

    The distribution of income in the United States:

    • Has improved since 1935, but worsened since 1972

    • Has worsened since 1935, but improved since 1972

    • Is about the same as the distribution of income in most of the less developed countries

    • Is better than the distribution of income in the countries of Western Europe and Japan

    Correct Answer
    A. Has improved since 1935, but worsened since 1972
    Explanation
    The correct answer states that the distribution of income in the United States has improved since 1935, but worsened since 1972. This suggests that there was a positive trend in income distribution from 1935 to 1972, indicating a reduction in income inequality. However, after 1972, the trend reversed, and income inequality started to increase. This explanation highlights the changing patterns in income distribution over time in the United States.

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  • 22. 

    Which of the following sentences about US foreign trade is correct

    • Our exports have exceeded our imports since 1981

    • Our foreign trade is only about 1% of total world trade.

    • Our imports have exceeded our exports since 1981

    • Our imports and exports together are smaller than for most countries

    Correct Answer
    A. Our imports have exceeded our exports since 1981
  • 23. 

    A "backward bending" supply curve for labor is the result of:

    • The types of workers performing dangerous jobs with possible back injuries

    • An increase in the demand for workers producing a popular product

    • The use of capital goods that do not replace workers

    • An individual putting more value on his or her leisure time in response to the possibility of earning a very high income

    Correct Answer
    A. An individual putting more value on his or her leisure time in response to the possibility of earning a very high income
    Explanation
    The correct answer is an individual putting more value on his or her leisure time in response to the possibility of earning a very high income. This is because a backward bending supply curve for labor occurs when higher wages lead to workers choosing to work less, as they prefer to enjoy more leisure time. This behavior is more likely to happen when individuals have the option to earn a very high income and prioritize their leisure time over additional work.

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  • 24. 

    Whenever the US dollar appreciates relative to the major currencies of the world, the result of this will be that:

    • The prices of our imports decrease.

    • The prices of our exports increase

    • The balance of trade deficit always decreases.

    • Both A and B

    Correct Answer
    A. Both A and B
    Explanation
    When the US dollar appreciates relative to other major currencies, it means that the value of the US dollar increases compared to those currencies. As a result, the prices of imports from other countries become cheaper for US consumers, leading to a decrease in the prices of imports (option A). On the other hand, the prices of US exports become more expensive for consumers in other countries, which can lead to an increase in the prices of exports (option B). Therefore, both options A and B are correct.

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  • 25. 

    The official poverty definition used by the government is a threshold of income inadequate to provide:

    • Three times the cost of a minimum food budget

    • Minimum biological needs.

    • The average income of the poorest twenty percent of the families in the populations.

    • The average US. welfare allowance.

    Correct Answer
    A. Three times the cost of a minimum food budget
    Explanation
    The official poverty definition used by the government is based on a threshold of income that is considered inadequate to provide for three times the cost of a minimum food budget. This means that if a person's income falls below this threshold, they are considered to be living in poverty. This definition takes into account the basic need for food and sets a standard for what is considered a minimum budget for food expenses. By using three times the cost of a minimum food budget, the government aims to ensure that individuals and families have enough resources to meet their nutritional needs.

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  • 26. 

    When economists say that the demand for labor is a "derived" demand, they mean that the demand for labor

    • Will shift outward to the right as the demand for the product they are producing shifts inward to the left

    • Will shift outward to the right as the demand for the product they are producing shifts outward to the right

    • Will shift inward to the left as the demand for the product they are producing shifts outward to the right

    • Will remain where it is when the demand for the product they are producing shifts inward to the left.

    Correct Answer
    A. Will shift outward to the right as the demand for the product they are producing shifts outward to the right
    Explanation
    The correct answer is that the demand for labor will shift outward to the right as the demand for the product they are producing shifts outward to the right. This means that when there is an increase in the demand for the product, the demand for labor will also increase. This is because businesses need more workers to produce and sell the increased quantity of goods or services. The relationship between the demand for labor and the demand for the product is derived, meaning that the demand for labor is dependent on the demand for the product.

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  • 27. 

    De beers diamond, Time Warner, and Microsoft is an example of which industry model?

    • Pure Competition

    • Pure Monopoly

    • Monopolistic Competition

    • Non-Collusive Oligopoly

    Correct Answer
    A. Pure Monopoly
    Explanation
    De Beers Diamond, Time Warner, and Microsoft are examples of a pure monopoly because they are the sole providers of their respective products or services in the market. A pure monopoly occurs when a single company dominates the industry, controlling the supply and pricing without any competition. In this case, De Beers Diamond has a monopoly over the diamond industry, Time Warner has a monopoly over certain media and entertainment sectors, and Microsoft has a monopoly over certain software and technology markets.

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  • 28. 

    If an industry is highly concentrated

    • The Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice usually will not allow future mergers among the firms in the industry

    • It will have a very low Concentration Ratio and Herfindahl Index number

    • It is a purely competitive (PC) type of industry

    • It is a monopolistically competitive (MC) type of industry

    Correct Answer
    A. The Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice usually will not allow future mergers among the firms in the industry
    Explanation
    If an industry is highly concentrated, it means that a few large firms dominate the market. In such cases, the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice usually will not allow future mergers among the firms in the industry. This is because mergers among already dominant firms can lead to even higher market concentration, reducing competition and potentially harming consumers. By preventing such mergers, the Antitrust Division aims to promote competition and protect consumer welfare. Therefore, the correct answer is that the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice usually will not allow future mergers among the firms in the industry.

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  • 29. 

    If the exchange rate between the U.S. Dollar and the Mexican Peso was $.08 to a Peso in 1970, and went to $.0003 to a Peso in 1993, then the Dollar APPRECIATED relative to the Peso during this time.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The exchange rate between the U.S. Dollar and the Mexican Peso decreased from $.08 to $.0003, indicating that the Peso appreciated relative to the Dollar. A decrease in the exchange rate means that it takes fewer Pesos to buy one Dollar, which means the Peso has become stronger and more valuable compared to the Dollar. Therefore, the statement "the Dollar APPRECIATED relative to the Peso during this time" is incorrect.

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  • 30. 

    The demand curve confronting a purely competitive firm (PC) is perfectly inelastic.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The demand curve confronting a purely competitive firm is not perfectly inelastic. In a perfectly competitive market, the firm is a price taker and cannot influence the market price. Therefore, the demand curve facing the firm is perfectly elastic, meaning that the firm can sell as much as it wants at the market price. A perfectly inelastic demand curve would imply that the firm can sell only a fixed quantity regardless of price changes, which is not the case in a perfectly competitive market.

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  • 31. 

    A major factor determining the exchange rate between any two countries is the fee charged for exchanging the currencies by banks along their borders.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The statement is false because the fee charged for exchanging currencies by banks along their borders is not a major factor determining the exchange rate between two countries. The exchange rate is primarily determined by various economic factors such as interest rates, inflation, trade balance, and market forces of supply and demand. While fees charged by banks may affect the cost of exchanging currencies, they do not have a significant impact on the exchange rate itself.

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  • 32. 

    If several consumers who would not be likely to purchase a certain product in a store are now purchasing it on the internet, and the PRICE IS THE SAME on the internet (including shipping) as in the store, this best illustrates:

    • A shift in the demand curve for the product

    • A "change in demand" for the product

    • A "change in the quantity demanded" for the product

    • Both A and B

    • Both A and C

    Correct Answer
    A. Both A and B
    Explanation
    This scenario illustrates both a shift in the demand curve for the product and a "change in demand" for the product. The fact that several consumers who would not be likely to purchase the product in a store are now purchasing it online suggests that there has been a shift in the demand curve. This shift indicates a change in consumers' preferences or behavior, leading to an increased demand for the product. Therefore, both options A and B are correct.

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  • 33. 

    PROTECTIONISTS argue that tariffs and quotas:

    • Improve our protected industries and therefore the entire economy

    • Reduce incomes in countries overseas and therefore the demand for our exports

    • Protect a few of our inefficient industries at the expense of several other healthy individuals

    • Increase GDP in countries worldwide

    Correct Answer
    A. Improve our protected industries and therefore the entire economy
    Explanation
    Tariffs and quotas are trade barriers that protectionists argue can improve our protected industries and, consequently, benefit the entire economy. By imposing tariffs, domestic industries are shielded from foreign competition, allowing them to grow and become more competitive. This, in turn, is believed to stimulate economic growth, create jobs, and increase productivity. Protectionists also argue that by reducing incomes in countries overseas and decreasing the demand for their exports, tariffs and quotas can help maintain a favorable balance of trade and protect domestic industries from unfair competition.

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  • 34. 

    When a given percent change in price generates a LARGER percent change in the quantity demanded:

    • Demand is inelastic.

    • Demand is elastic.

    • The consumer is NOT being responsive to the change in price.

    • Both A and C

    Correct Answer
    A. Demand is elastic.
    Explanation
    When a given percent change in price generates a larger percent change in the quantity demanded, it indicates that the demand is elastic. This means that consumers are highly responsive to changes in price, and even a small change in price leads to a significant change in the quantity demanded. In other words, when the price increases, the quantity demanded decreases significantly, and when the price decreases, the quantity demanded increases significantly. This suggests that consumers are sensitive to price changes and adjust their purchasing behavior accordingly.

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  • 35. 

    The long run effect of tarrifs on goods imported into the US leads to

    • Lower foreign sales by US exporters

    • Higher employment in the whole U.S.

    • Higher incomes in foreign countries

    • A stronger national defense in the US

    Correct Answer
    A. Lower foreign sales by US exporters
    Explanation
    Tariffs on imported goods into the US lead to lower foreign sales by US exporters because when tariffs are imposed, the cost of imported goods increases, making them less competitive in the foreign market. As a result, foreign consumers may choose to buy goods from other countries instead of the US, leading to a decrease in sales for US exporters.

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  • 36. 

    This type of industry has no control over price

    • Pure Competition

    • Pure Monopoly

    • Monopolistic Competition

    • Non-Collusive Oligopoly

    Correct Answer
    A. Pure Competition
    Explanation
    Pure competition is characterized by a large number of buyers and sellers, with each seller offering a homogeneous product. In this type of industry, no single seller has control over the price of the product. Price is determined by the market forces of supply and demand, and sellers have to accept the prevailing market price. Therefore, pure competition is the correct answer as it aligns with the statement that this type of industry has no control over price.

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  • 37. 

    The "Gini Coeficcient" measures:

    • The degree of concentration of any industry, using only the largest four firms.

    • The degree of concentration of any industry, using all the firms in the industry.

    • The potency of a drink consumed by the people in the lowest household income group.

    • The value of Italy's imports plus its exports as a percent of GDP.

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. The degree of concentration of any industry, using all the firms in the industry.
    Explanation
    The Gini Coefficient is a measure of income inequality or wealth distribution within a population. It calculates the degree of concentration of wealth or income using all the individuals or households in a given society. It ranges from 0 to 1, with 0 indicating perfect equality and 1 indicating extreme inequality. This measurement is not related to the concentration of any industry or the potency of a drink consumed by a specific income group, nor is it related to the value of imports and exports in relation to GDP.

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  • 38. 

    Exports exceed the country's imports

    • Balance of trade surplus

    • Unequal distribution of income

    • The Purely Competitive (PC) Industry

    • Unequal distribution of income

    • The Unites States

    Correct Answer
    A. Balance of trade surplus
    Explanation
    A balance of trade surplus occurs when a country's exports exceed its imports. This means that the country is selling more goods and services to other countries than it is buying from them. This can be seen as a positive sign for the country's economy as it indicates a competitive advantage in producing goods and a strong demand for its products in international markets. A balance of trade surplus can lead to increased economic growth, job creation, and a higher standard of living for the country's citizens.

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  • 39. 

    Monopolistically Competitive (MC) industries are made up primarily of:

    • A few big businesses, most of which control a large share of their total industry market.

    • Farmers who have no control over market price.

    • Only the big businesses that are regulated public utility firms.

    • Small businesses that we deal with on a daily basis

    Correct Answer
    A. Small businesses that we deal with on a daily basis
    Explanation
    Monopolistically Competitive (MC) industries are characterized by a large number of small businesses that operate within the same market. These businesses offer differentiated products or services, which means they have some degree of control over the prices they charge. This is in contrast to perfect competition where no individual firm has control over price. In MC industries, consumers interact with these small businesses on a daily basis, indicating that they are the primary participants in this type of market structure.

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  • 40. 

    In which of the following types of industries are long profits high so as to be able to fund extensive research and development activities.

    • Oligopoly (O)

    • Pure Monopoly (PM) (Unregulated)

    • Pure Competition

    • Monopolistic Competition (MC)

    • Both A and B

    Correct Answer
    A. Both A and B
    Explanation
    Both oligopoly and pure monopoly industries have the potential to generate high profits that can fund extensive research and development activities. In an oligopoly, a small number of firms dominate the market, allowing them to have significant control over prices and generate substantial profits. Similarly, in a pure monopoly, a single firm has complete control over the market, enabling it to set prices and earn high profits. Therefore, both A (oligopoly) and B (pure monopoly) can provide the necessary financial resources for extensive research and development activities.

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  • 41. 

    Produces many of our agricultural exports

    • The Monopolistically competitive MC Industry

    • Unequal distribution of of income

    • The United States

    • Balance of Trade surplus

    • The Purely Competitive MC Industry

    Correct Answer
    A. The Purely Competitive MC Industry
    Explanation
    The Purely Competitive MC Industry is the correct answer because it is the type of industry that produces many of our agricultural exports. In a purely competitive market, there are many sellers and buyers, and products are homogenous. This type of market structure is commonly found in the agricultural sector, where farmers grow and sell crops that are similar to those produced by other farmers. Therefore, it is likely that the agricultural exports, which are produced in large quantities, come from a purely competitive market.

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  • 42. 

    A change in the "QUANTITY DEMANDED" for a product:

    • Results whenever one of the "factors other than price" underlying the demand curve changes.

    • Results when the price of the product increases or decreases.

    • Means a shift in position of the whole demand curve.

    • Means a movement along a given demand curve

    • Both A and B

    Correct Answer
    A. Both A and B
    Explanation
    A change in the "QUANTITY DEMANDED" for a product can occur when one of the "factors other than price" underlying the demand curve changes. This means that factors such as consumer preferences, income levels, or the availability of substitutes can influence the quantity demanded of a product. Additionally, a change in the price of the product can also result in a change in the quantity demanded. Therefore, both factors other than price and changes in price can lead to a change in the quantity demanded, indicating that the correct answer is both A and B.

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  • 43. 

    Generates most of our new inventions

    • The United States

    • Unequal distribution of income

    • Balance of trade surplus

    • The Purely Competitive (PC) Industry

    • The Monopolistically Competitive MC Industry

    Correct Answer
    A. The Monopolistically Competitive MC Industry
    Explanation
    The monopolistically competitive industry is the correct answer because it is known for generating most of our new inventions. In this type of industry, there are many firms producing similar but slightly differentiated products, which encourages innovation and competition. Unlike the purely competitive industry where there is no room for product differentiation, the monopolistically competitive industry allows for creativity and the development of new ideas, leading to the generation of new inventions.

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  • 44. 

    Which of the following statements is correct about the five household income groups (from the lowest to the highest in the bar chart presented in class) -- used to plot the Lorenz curve for the US?

    • The lowest income group is actually receiving a smaller share of total national income than considered equitable

    • The highest income group is actually receiving a larger share of total national income than considered equitable.

    • Both the lowest and the highest income groups each contain 20% of the total population.

    • All the income groups together do not show a "reverse L" distribution of income that exists in most "Third World" countries.

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Both the lowest and the highest income groups each contain 20% of the total population.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is that both the lowest and the highest income groups each contain 20% of the total population. This means that the income distribution in the US is not heavily skewed towards either extreme, but rather there is a relatively equal representation of people in both the lowest and highest income groups. This is important information when analyzing the Lorenz curve and understanding income inequality in the country.

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  • 45. 

    Which of the following statements about US expenditures on foreign aid is correct?

    • They have been increasing since 1960

    • They have been decreasing since 1960

    • They have remained the same since 1960

    • They have reduced the rare of poverty overseas by one half

    Correct Answer
    A. They have been decreasing since 1960
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "They have been decreasing since 1960". This means that US expenditures on foreign aid have been decreasing since 1960.

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  • 46. 

    If the quantity supplied is completely unresponsive to changed in price, it is:

    • Somewhat elastic

    • Somewhat inelastic

    • Unitary elastic

    • Perfectly elastic

    • Perfectly inelastic

    Correct Answer
    A. Unitary elastic
    Explanation
    If the quantity supplied is completely unresponsive to changes in price, it means that the percentage change in quantity supplied is equal to the percentage change in price. This indicates a unitary elastic supply, where the responsiveness of supply is exactly proportional to the change in price.

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  • 47. 

    In this industry, the product is unique

    • Pure Monopoly

    • Pure Competition

    • Monopolistic Competition

    • Oligopoly

    Correct Answer
    A. Pure Monopoly
    Explanation
    The given correct answer is "Pure Monopoly". This means that in this industry, there is only one seller or producer of the product, and there are no close substitutes available in the market. This creates a situation where the monopolist has complete control over the price and supply of the product, and there is no competition. This type of market structure often leads to higher prices for consumers and less innovation compared to other market structures.

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  • 48. 

    Which industry spends on research and development

    • Oligopoly

    • Pure Monopoly

    • Pure Competition

    • Monopolistic Competition

    Correct Answer
    A. Oligopoly
    Explanation
    Oligopoly is the correct answer because in this market structure, there are only a few large firms that dominate the industry. These firms have significant market power and often engage in extensive research and development activities to maintain their competitive advantage. They invest in research and development to innovate, improve their products or services, and stay ahead of their rivals. This allows them to differentiate their offerings and attract customers, leading to higher profits and market share.

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  • 49. 

    Which industry faces lots of advertisment

    • Pure Competition

    • Non Collusive Oligopoly

    • Pure Monopoly

    • Monopolistic Competition

    Correct Answer
    A. Non Collusive Oligopoly
    Explanation
    Non Collusive Oligopoly is the correct answer because in this type of market structure, there are only a few large firms that dominate the industry. These firms often engage in aggressive advertising to differentiate their products and attract customers. Since there are only a few players in the market, competition is intense, and advertising plays a crucial role in gaining a competitive edge. Therefore, the industry of Non Collusive Oligopoly faces lots of advertisement.

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  • Sep 03, 2024
    Quiz Edited by
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  • Dec 09, 2010
    Quiz Created by
    Kingslo
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