CS 2 Quiz 2.3.

1. Questions 56 through 59 refer to the figure below of a coronal, T2-weighted MRI of the male pelvis.Which arrow points to the external anal sphincter?

A

C

D

B

In the given figure, the arrow labeled "D" points to the external anal sphincter. The external anal sphincter is a muscular structure that surrounds the anus and helps control the opening and closing of the anal canal.

Explanation

In the given figure, the arrow labeled "D" points to the external anal sphincter. The external anal sphincter is a muscular structure that surrounds the anus and helps control the opening and closing of the anal canal.

2. Questions 76 through 79 refer to the figure below of an MRA of the descending aorta.Which arrow points to the abdominal aorta?

D

A

B

C

The correct answer is A because it points to the abdominal aorta. The descending aorta is divided into two parts: the thoracic aorta and the abdominal aorta. The thoracic aorta extends from the aortic arch to the diaphragm, while the abdominal aorta starts at the diaphragm and continues down to the pelvis. Therefore, arrow A correctly points to the abdominal aorta in the given figure.

Explanation

The correct answer is A because it points to the abdominal aorta. The descending aorta is divided into two parts: the thoracic aorta and the abdominal aorta. The thoracic aorta extends from the aortic arch to the diaphragm, while the abdominal aorta starts at the diaphragm and continues down to the pelvis. Therefore, arrow A correctly points to the abdominal aorta in the given figure.

3. Questions 24 through 27 refer to the figure below.Which arrow points to the iliac crest?

D

B

C

A

In the figure provided, arrow A points to the iliac crest. The iliac crest is the curved ridge at the top of the hip bone, which can be palpated at the side of the body.

Explanation

In the figure provided, arrow A points to the iliac crest. The iliac crest is the curved ridge at the top of the hip bone, which can be palpated at the side of the body.

4. Questions 13 through 16 refer to the figure below of a coronal MRI of the female pelvis.Which arrow points to the vagina?

D

C

A

B

The arrow pointing to B indicates the vagina. The vagina is a muscular canal that connects the uterus to the external opening of the female genitalia. In the given coronal MRI image, arrow B is located in the lower part of the pelvis, which corresponds to the position of the vagina.

Explanation

The arrow pointing to B indicates the vagina. The vagina is a muscular canal that connects the uterus to the external opening of the female genitalia. In the given coronal MRI image, arrow B is located in the lower part of the pelvis, which corresponds to the position of the vagina.

5. Questions 52 through 55 refer to the figure below of an axial CT of the male pelvis.Which arrow points to the gluteus maximus muscle?

B

A

D

C

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

6. Questions 64 through 67 refer to the figure below of an axial CT of the pelvis.Which arrow points to the external iliac artery?

A

C

D

B

The correct answer is A. In the given figure, arrow A points to the external iliac artery. The external iliac artery is a major blood vessel that supplies blood to the lower limbs. It is located in the pelvis and can be identified in the axial CT scan by its position and course.

Explanation

The correct answer is A. In the given figure, arrow A points to the external iliac artery. The external iliac artery is a major blood vessel that supplies blood to the lower limbs. It is located in the pelvis and can be identified in the axial CT scan by its position and course.

7. Which muscle combines with the psoas muscle to form the iliopsoas muscle?

Piriformis

Rectus abdominis

Iliacus

Coccygeus

The correct answer is Iliacus. The iliopsoas muscle is formed by the combination of the psoas muscle and the iliacus muscle. The psoas muscle originates from the lumbar vertebrae and the iliacus muscle originates from the iliac fossa of the pelvis. These two muscles come together and merge to form the iliopsoas muscle, which plays a major role in hip flexion and stabilization of the lumbar spine. The piriformis, rectus abdominis, and coccygeus muscles are not involved in the formation of the iliopsoas muscle.

Explanation

The correct answer is Iliacus. The iliopsoas muscle is formed by the combination of the psoas muscle and the iliacus muscle. The psoas muscle originates from the lumbar vertebrae and the iliacus muscle originates from the iliac fossa of the pelvis. These two muscles come together and merge to form the iliopsoas muscle, which plays a major role in hip flexion and stabilization of the lumbar spine. The piriformis, rectus abdominis, and coccygeus muscles are not involved in the formation of the iliopsoas muscle.

8. Questions 40 through 43 refer to the figure below of an axial, T2-weigted MRI of the male pelvis.

Which arrow points to the retropubic space?

C

B

D

A

The correct answer is A. The retropubic space is located behind the pubic bone and in front of the bladder. In the given MRI image, arrow A points to this space, indicating that it is the correct answer. The other arrows (B, C, and D) do not point to the retropubic space.

Explanation

The correct answer is A. The retropubic space is located behind the pubic bone and in front of the bladder. In the given MRI image, arrow A points to this space, indicating that it is the correct answer. The other arrows (B, C, and D) do not point to the retropubic space.

9. Questions 28 through 31 refer to the figure below of a 3D CT of the pelvis.Which arrow points to the pubic symphysis?

C

D

B

A

The correct answer is C. In the figure, arrow C points to the pubic symphysis. The pubic symphysis is the joint between the two pubic bones in the pelvis.

Explanation

The correct answer is C. In the figure, arrow C points to the pubic symphysis. The pubic symphysis is the joint between the two pubic bones in the pelvis.

10. Which of the following is true about the uterus?

The myometrium is continuous with the broad ligament

The perimetrium of the uterus is the outer layer of mucous membrane

The middle layer of the uterus is a thick layer of smooth muscle fibers

The endometrium is a type of serous membrane

The middle layer of the uterus is known as the myometrium, and it is indeed a thick layer of smooth muscle fibers. These muscle fibers are responsible for the contractions of the uterus during childbirth and menstruation. The myometrium is sandwiched between the outer layer called the perimetrium and the inner layer called the endometrium. The perimetrium is not a mucous membrane, but a serous membrane that covers the outer surface of the uterus. Therefore, the statement that the middle layer of the uterus is a thick layer of smooth muscle fibers is true.

Explanation

The middle layer of the uterus is known as the myometrium, and it is indeed a thick layer of smooth muscle fibers. These muscle fibers are responsible for the contractions of the uterus during childbirth and menstruation. The myometrium is sandwiched between the outer layer called the perimetrium and the inner layer called the endometrium. The perimetrium is not a mucous membrane, but a serous membrane that covers the outer surface of the uterus. Therefore, the statement that the middle layer of the uterus is a thick layer of smooth muscle fibers is true.

11. Questions 48 through 51 refer to the figure below of a sagittal, T2-weighted MRI of the male pelvis.Which arrow points to the urogenital diaphragm?

D

B

A

C

The correct answer is C. In the given figure, the arrow labeled C points to the urogenital diaphragm. The urogenital diaphragm is a muscular structure located in the pelvis that separates the urogenital and anal triangles. It provides support to the pelvic organs and plays a role in controlling urinary and fecal continence.

Explanation

The correct answer is C. In the given figure, the arrow labeled C points to the urogenital diaphragm. The urogenital diaphragm is a muscular structure located in the pelvis that separates the urogenital and anal triangles. It provides support to the pelvic organs and plays a role in controlling urinary and fecal continence.

12. Questions 60 through 63 refer to the figure below of an axial, T2-weighted MRI of a female pelvis.Which arrow points to the vagina?

D

C

B

A

The correct answer is C. In the given axial, T2-weighted MRI of a female pelvis, arrow C points to the vagina. The vagina is a muscular canal that connects the uterus to the external genitalia. It is located between the bladder and the rectum and is responsible for sexual intercourse, childbirth, and menstruation.

Explanation

The correct answer is C. In the given axial, T2-weighted MRI of a female pelvis, arrow C points to the vagina. The vagina is a muscular canal that connects the uterus to the external genitalia. It is located between the bladder and the rectum and is responsible for sexual intercourse, childbirth, and menstruation.

13. Questions 18 through 21 refer to the figure below of an axial MRI of the female pelvis.Which arrow points to the gluteus minimus muscle?

B

D

A

C

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

14. Questions 72 through 75 refer to the figure below of an axial, T2-weighted MRI of the male pelvis.Which arrow points to the adductor brevis muscle?