Counselling Children And Adolescents - Qp15

The explanation for the given correct answer, True, is that William James believed that humans have the unique ability to change their own patterns and shape their own destiny. He argued that the greatest discovery of his generation was the realization that by altering their inner attitudes and mindset, individuals can bring about changes in their external circumstances and experiences. This suggests that humans have the power to influence and transform their lives through their thoughts and beliefs.

Dysfunction in a family is typically not a deliberate choice made by its members. Families may experience dysfunction due to various factors such as communication problems, unresolved conflicts, or unhealthy patterns of behavior. It is important to recognize that dysfunction can develop unintentionally and that families often require support and intervention to address and overcome these issues.

A dysfunctional family is defined as one that is consistently unable to provide a safe and nurturing environment. This means that the family is unable to create a supportive and stable atmosphere for its members, resulting in emotional, physical, or psychological harm. Communication issues and financial struggles may be present in a dysfunctional family, but they are not the defining characteristics. The focus is on the inability to create a safe and nurturing environment, which is essential for healthy family dynamics.

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The statement is correct because homeostasis refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes. It involves various physiological processes that work together to regulate body temperature, blood pressure, pH levels, and other vital functions. By constantly monitoring and adjusting these factors, the body ensures that it stays within a narrow range necessary for optimal functioning. Therefore, homeostasis is indeed the tendency towards maintaining a balance.

Workaholism, gambling addiction, and eating disorders can all cause dysfunction in families. Workaholism can lead to neglect of family members and an imbalance in priorities, causing strain in relationships. Gambling addiction can result in financial instability and dishonesty, causing trust issues and conflicts within the family. Eating disorders can cause emotional distress and tension within the family, as well as potential health concerns. These behaviors can all disrupt the harmony and functioning of a family unit.

Dysfunctional families can be said to communicate "sideways" because communication within such families often occurs indirectly or through nonverbal cues. In dysfunctional families, open and direct communication is often avoided, and family members may resort to passive-aggressive behavior, manipulation, or avoidance tactics to express their thoughts and emotions. This sideways communication style can create misunderstandings, conflicts, and a lack of emotional connection within the family.

The given statement is false. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is a psychological test used to assess personality traits and psychopathology, not specifically to demonstrate the inaccuracy of clinician's assumptions regarding husbands of alcoholics. It is a widely used test in clinical and research settings to evaluate various psychological disorders and provide diagnostic information.