Copyright Infringement Questions (HCI)

Using files downloaded illegally is indeed infringing copyright law. Copyright law grants exclusive rights to the creator of a work, such as music, movies, or books. When someone downloads and uses these files without permission from the copyright holder, they are violating those exclusive rights. This is considered copyright infringement, which is illegal and can result in legal consequences. Therefore, the correct answer is true.

When you are employed to write a program for a company, the work you do as an employee is considered as a "work for hire" and therefore, the company has the rights to access and own the work you have done. This is because you are creating the program as part of your job responsibilities and it is considered as the company's intellectual property.

The statement is true because the copyright owner has the right to request the detention of goods that they reasonably suspect to be infringing their product. This allows them to take action to prevent the importation of counterfeit or pirated goods into the country, protecting their intellectual property rights.

The statement is false because John copied the game onto another CD and passed it to Peter, which is a clear violation of copyright. Copying and distributing copyrighted material without permission from the copyright holder is considered copyright infringement.

Making minor modifications to an existing product and manufacturing it can still be considered infringement. Even small changes can be enough to create a new product that infringes on someone else's intellectual property rights. Therefore, it is important to obtain proper authorization or licenses before making any modifications to an existing product and manufacturing it.

A patent provides several benefits. Firstly, it prevents others from exploiting the invention without permission, thus giving the inventor exclusive rights. Secondly, the inventor can license the patented invention to third parties, allowing them to use it in exchange for commercial returns. Finally, the inventor has the option to sell the patented invention for a sum of money, providing a financial benefit. Therefore, all of the given options are correct and encompass the benefits of having a patent.

False. Listing the URL at the acknowledgement page without mentioning the source in the text is not sufficient to cite your references. In academic and research writing, it is important to provide proper citations within the text to give credit to the original source and allow readers to easily locate the referenced material. Simply listing the URL in the acknowledgement page is not enough to fulfill this requirement.

Making 40% editing to someone's literary work does not give the editor the right to claim authorship of the edited work. Editing involves making changes and improvements to the original work, but it does not change the fact that the original author is still the creator of the work. The editor may receive credit for their contributions, but they cannot claim full authorship.

No, the teacher has not infringed copyright. The use of a Youtube video in the classroom falls under the fair use doctrine, which allows for the limited use of copyrighted material for educational purposes. As long as the video is used in a transformative and non-commercial way, and does not negatively impact the market value of the original work, it is considered legal.

IPOS stands for Intellectual Property of Singapore. This acronym refers to the government agency in Singapore that is responsible for the registration and management of intellectual property rights, such as trademarks, patents, and copyrights.

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Recording a performance without the permission of the performer or the copyright holder is a violation of copyright laws. In this scenario, the person attending the concert recorded the performance without obtaining the necessary rights or permissions, which constitutes copyright infringement. Therefore, the statement "You have infringed copyright" is true.

The correct answer is "More than 70 years" because copyright protection typically lasts for the life of the creator plus an additional period of time. In most countries, this additional period is 70 years after the death of the creator. Therefore, if you want to copy all of the contents of a recording or film without infringing copyright, you would need to wait for more than 70 years to pass after the expiry of the calendar year in which it was first published.

If someone buys the patent to a product, they gain exclusive rights to that product. This means they have the authority to make decisions about the product, such as manufacturing, selling, or licensing it to others. Therefore, they can indeed do whatever they want with product X if they own its patent.

Downloading music files uploaded by the creator from public domains is not against copyright law. Public domains are areas where creative works are not protected by intellectual property laws, including copyright. Therefore, downloading music files from public domains is legal and does not violate copyright laws.

For education purposes, you can copy less than 10% of a printed source. This means that if you want to use information or content from a printed source for educational reasons, you should limit your copying to less than 10% of the total content. This ensures that you are not infringing on copyright laws and respecting the rights of the original author or publisher.

False. Peter is infringing copyright by sharing the file with his friends without the permission of the original creator, John.

Copyright law does not protect ideas, only the expression of those ideas. Online discussion boards and comment spaces are platforms for sharing ideas and opinions, which are not subject to copyright protection. Therefore, the statement is true.

Sharing the downloaded notes with other people would be considered copyright infringement. Even though the notes were created and posted online by your friend for your class to use, it does not give you the right to distribute or share them with others without permission. Copyright laws protect the original works of authors and creators, and sharing someone else's work without their consent is a violation of those rights.

This statement is false. Copying less than 5% of a printed work without citing the source still constitutes copyright infringement. The amount copied does not determine whether infringement has occurred. Infringement is determined by whether the work is protected by copyright and whether the copying constitutes a substantial part of the original work. Therefore, even copying a small portion without proper citation can still be considered infringement.

This statement is false. The presence or absence of the copyright symbol does not determine whether a material is protected by copyright. Copyright protection is automatically granted to original works of authorship once they are fixed in a tangible form, regardless of whether the copyright symbol is used. The symbol is simply a notice to inform others that the work is protected, but it is not a requirement for copyright protection.

As a photographer, you are typically hired to capture moments and create images for your client. In this scenario, the client has specifically commissioned you to take photos of their wedding ceremony. Therefore, the client would be the rightful owner of the photos since they have paid for your services and have hired you for this specific purpose. Thus, the correct answer is "No."

The right conferred by a patent granted in Singapore extends only to Singapore. This means that the patent holder has exclusive rights to their invention within the borders of Singapore, but these rights do not extend to any other country or region.

Watching 'anime' online can be considered as infringement of copyright. This is because anime is protected by copyright laws, and streaming or watching it online without proper authorization from the copyright holder can be seen as a violation of those rights. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

The correct answer is to discourage sharing of intellectual properties. This option does not align with the purpose of copyright law and patents, which are primarily designed to protect the creator's intellectual property, encourage innovation and creativity, and prevent the distribution of pirated copies. Discouraging sharing of intellectual properties goes against the principles of promoting progress and rewarding creators for their work.

The law states that a person can have a maximum of three infringing copies of any work for personal consumption. If someone is found with more than three copies, it is presumed that they intended to use them for monetary gains unless proven otherwise.

Copying a piece of literary work without acknowledging the source infringes copyright.

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The correct answer is "Leong, F.T.L. (Ed). (2008) Encyclopedia of counseling (Vols. 1-4). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage." This is the correct format for citing a book with an editor in APA style. The editor's name is listed with the abbreviation "Ed" in parentheses, followed by the publication year, book title, volume numbers, and location and publisher information.

The correct answer is in alphabetical order of the last name of the authors. In APA style, the references list should be arranged alphabetically by the last name of the authors. This means that the sources should be listed in ascending order based on the authors' last names.

When dividing a URL between two lines, it is not necessary to insert a hyphen. The other options are true: we break the URL after a double slash, before any mark or punctuation, and we do not add a period at the end.

Permission is required to use a diagram from the Internet in your report because it is considered copyrighted material. In order to avoid any legal issues and respect the rights of the original creator, it is necessary to seek permission before including the diagram in your report.

Non-design patents can last for 20 years from the date of filing the patent application, as long as the annual renewal fees are paid. This means that the patent holder has exclusive rights to their invention for a period of 20 years, during which no one else can make, use, or sell the patented invention without permission. After the 20-year period, the invention enters the public domain and can be freely used by anyone.

APA stands for American Psychological Association. This organization is responsible for creating and maintaining the APA style, which is a set of rules and guidelines for writing and citing sources in academic papers. The APA style is widely used in the social sciences, including psychology, sociology, and education. It provides specific guidelines for formatting papers, citing sources, and creating reference lists. By following the APA style, writers can ensure that their work is clear, consistent, and properly credited to the original sources.

The correct format of listing references according to the APA style is to include the author's last name and initial, the year of publication, the title of the book, the place of publication, and the publisher.

According to the APA format, page numbers should be labeled at the top right-hand corner of the page. This is done to ensure consistency and easy reference for readers. Placing the page number in this location allows for quick identification and navigation within the document.

International Agreements is the correct answer because when a Singapore citizen creates a copyrighted work, it is protected not only by Singapore's laws but also by international agreements. These agreements ensure that the copyright is recognized and protected in other countries as well, providing legal protection against infringement globally.