Complex MS Cardiovascular Exam
Practice Exam for my MS Girls!
- 1.Injury to the heart muscle will cause the following change in a patient's EKG?
- A.
A large, pronounced Q wave
- B.
A inverted T wave
- C.
A elevated ST segment
- D.
A inverted P wave
- 2.What are the signs and symptoms of Angina?
- A.
Chest pain lasting < 15 minutes
- B.
Chest pain radiatin to the Left arm and jaw
- C.
Diaphoresis
- D.
Relief of symptoms with NTG administration
- E.
Brought on by exertion and stress
- 3.A MI is more lethal to a younger person than an older person
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 4.A woman experiencing a MI's symptoms may differ from a man in what ways?
- A.
More Fatigue
- B.
More nausea
- C.
Back Pain
- D.
Diaphoresis
- 5.ST elevations on leads V1, V2, V3 and V4 indicate a:
- A.
Anterior MI
- B.
Lateral MI
- C.
Posterior MI
- D.
Septal MI
- 6.A lateral MI would be observed in what EKG leads?
- A.
V1-V4
- B.
V5 and V6
- C.
Lead 2
- D.
Lead 1
- 7.ST elevation in this lead indicates an Inferior MI
- A.
Lead 1
- B.
Lead 2
- C.
V1-V4
- D.
V5 and V6
- 8.What does the Acronym MONA stand for when referring to care for a MI patient?
- 9.Which would be a contraindication for the use of clot busting drugs such as Streptokinase/TPA?
- A.
ST elevation
- B.
Chest pain greater than 30 minutes
- C.
Diabetes
- D.
Recent trauma or surgery in past 10 days
- 10.Revascularization of the Coronary Artery after a cardiac cath might cause:
- A.
Abrupt cessation of pain
- B.
More severe pain initially, then reduction of pain within 12 hours
- C.
Sudden onset of dysrhyhtmias
- D.
Resolution of ST elevations
- 11.Non- STEMI patients:
- A.
Should receive clot-busting therapy within 30 minutes of admit to ER
- B.
Should be sent to the cath lab within 120 minutes of admit to ER
- C.
Should receive clot-busting therapy within 90 minutes of admit to ER
- D.
Should be sent to the cath lab withing 90 minutes of admit to ER
- 12.What is the priority assessment for a patient following CABG (coronary bypass graft) surgery?
- A.
Blood Pressure
- B.
Pulse
- C.
Respirations
- D.
Temperature
- 13.Why is it important to put a cardiac post-op patient on stool softeners or laxatives?
- A.
Hard stools can cause anal fissures and blood loss
- B.
Constipation can decrease bowel motility, causing fluid back up and edema putting more work on the hear
- C.
Constipation may cause the pt to strain during BMs causing the Valsalva Manuver which could affect the heart
- D.
After surgery pts are put on high doses of opiates causing constipation
- 14.What medication can be given to reduce the retention of water and sodium as a result of aldosterne production which will put less work on the heart?
- A.
Lisinopril (zestril)
- B.
Procardia
- C.
Metoprolol (Lopressor)
- D.
Nitroglycerin
- 15.What are the signs and symptoms of Left sided heart failure?
- A.
JVD
- B.
Crackles and dyspnea
- C.
Oliguria
- D.
Dependent edema
- E.
Ascites
- 16.What are the signs and symptoms of Right sided heart failure?
- A.
JVD
- B.
Crackles and dyspnea
- C.
Oliguria
- D.
Dependent edema
- E.
Ascites
- 17.What is the hallmark sign of pulmonary edema?
- A.
Crackles in the lungs
- B.
Collapsed lung/atelectasis
- C.
Dyspnea
- D.
Frothy pink tinged sputum
- E.
Use of accessory muscles to breathe
- 18.The ejection fraction is the % of blood ejected from the ventricles of the heart with each beat and is used as an assessment of cardiac function. If the ventricles can hold 70 ml of blood but only eject 25 mL of blood, the EJ fraction is _____ which is normal/abnormal
- A.
36 % and normal
- B.
36% and abnormal
- C.
40 % and normal
- D.
40% and abnormal
- 19.A BNP reading of 90 indicates imminent heart failure
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 20.The therapeutic serum levels for Lanoxin (digoxin) are
- 21.What are the differences betwen Heart Failure and Cardiogenic Shock?
- A.
Increase in preload and afterload
- B.
Decrease in tissue perfusion
- C.
Decrease in CO
- D.
Decrease in contractility
- E.
Ischemia to organs
- 22.Your patient has a BP of 100/50. Their MAP is ______ which is/isn't sufficent for proper tissue perfusion
- A.
50, is sufficient
- B.
50, is not sufficient
- C.
67, is sufficient
- D.
67, is not sufficient
- 23.Physicians use a Swan-Ganz catheter to measure the pulmonary artery pressure on your patient. The readings are: SPAP: 28, DPAP: 12. Your patient has_____________ and needs______________
- A.
A normal PAP and just needs to be monitored
- B.
Pulmonary hypotension and needs a fluid bolus
- C.
Pulmonary hypertension and treatment with NTG and diuretics
- 24.You can administer medications through a Swan-Ganz catheter
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 25.During Hemodynamic Monitoring, you notice the PAP go to 10/4. Your initial itervenion is:
- A.
Sit the patient upright at 30 degrees
- B.
Administer dopamin 5-20mcg/kg/min to cause vasocontriction
- C.
Administer a fluid bolus
- D.
Administer NTG
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