Cmst&101 - Module 2 Quiz

Models are not strictly applicable to themselves alone and can fit between or within more than one paradigm. This means that models can be used in different contexts and can be applied to multiple situations or frameworks. Therefore, the statement is false.

The given explanation suggests that the correct answer is the Ritual Model of Communication because this model focuses on examining a message through various elements such as society, individuals, objects, symbols, and transformation. This model emphasizes the symbolic and cultural aspects of communication, highlighting the rituals and shared meanings involved in the communication process.

The correct answer is Behavioral Theory. In the behavioral theory paradigm, researchers conduct tests to determine the accuracy of their theories. This approach focuses on observable behaviors and seeks to understand and predict human behavior based on empirical evidence. It emphasizes the importance of conducting experiments and collecting data to validate or refute theories.

The correct answer is "Research Paradigm" because it is mentioned in the question that this is a means of categorizing Communication Studies. A research paradigm refers to a set of assumptions, beliefs, and methods that guide research within a particular discipline. Therefore, it is a suitable category for categorizing the diverse nature of Communication Studies. Quantitative and qualitative studies are specific research methods within the broader research paradigm. "None of the above" is not the correct answer because the question clearly states that there is a means of categorizing Communication Studies.

The given scenario exemplifies Attribution Theory, which focuses on how individuals explain the causes of behavior. In this case, Joshua's classmates attribute his declining performance to a lack of effort and giving up, without considering external factors. They fail to recognize that Joshua's puppy being sick has affected his ability to study effectively. Attribution Theory emphasizes the tendency to attribute behavior to either internal factors (such as personal characteristics) or external factors (such as situational influences), and in this case, the classmates are making an incorrect internal attribution.

Ethnography is a research method that involves studying and understanding different cultures and societies. It focuses on observing and interpreting social behaviors, beliefs, and practices within a specific cultural context. While ethnography does involve analyzing the meanings of signs and symbols within a culture, it does not specifically examine how these signs are interpreted and understood with that meaning. Therefore, the correct answer is false.

Foucault's work is focused on the relationship between knowledge and power. He examines historical shifts in the structure of knowledge to understand how power operates and is exercised in society. By analyzing the ways in which knowledge is produced, disseminated, and controlled, Foucault highlights the ways in which power operates through various institutions and discourses. This understanding of the relationship between knowledge and power allows for a critical analysis of social and political systems.

The research models that fall under Critical Theory are Reception Theory, Performativity, and Archaeology of Knowledge. Critical Theory aims to analyze and critique societal structures and power dynamics. Reception Theory focuses on how audiences interpret and make meaning from cultural texts. Performativity examines how actions and language shape social identities. Archaeology of Knowledge investigates the historical and social conditions that shape knowledge production. These models align with the critical perspective of questioning and challenging dominant ideologies and systems of oppression.

The Symbolic Convergence Theory suggests that symbols are used to create a shared reality within a group or culture. It proposes that when individuals share common symbols, meanings, and stories, they develop a sense of unity and group identity. This theory emphasizes the role of communication and storytelling in shaping social reality and creating a sense of belonging among group members.

Critical studies in communication aim to evaluate the cultural impact of messages by analyzing their underlying ideologies, power dynamics, and social implications. This approach seeks to uncover hidden meanings, challenge dominant narratives, and empower marginalized voices. Interpretive studies in communication delve into understanding and explaining the text or message in its own right, focusing on discerning its inherent meanings, nuances, and context. This approach seeks to uncover the intentions behind the creation of the message, exploring the authorial intent and the intended impact on the audience. Behavioral studies in communication aim to go beyond merely observing behaviors and attitudes of audiences and producers to making predictions about them. This involves analyzing patterns, trends, and correlations in communication behaviors and attitudes, with the goal of understanding and explaining why individuals act or think in certain ways.