Clin Tech Blood Exam

Drabkins reagent is a solution used in laboratory tests to measure the concentration of hemoglobin in blood. When mixed with blood, Drabkins reagent reacts with hemoglobin to form a stable compound called cyanmethemoglobin. This compound is then measured spectrophotometrically to determine the hemoglobin concentration in the blood sample. Therefore, the correct answer is Drabkins, as it is the specific reagent required to produce cyanmethemoglobin.

The formula for MCV is calculated by multiplying the hematocrit (Hct) value by 10 and then dividing it by the number of red blood cells (#RBC) in millions. This formula helps to determine the average size of red blood cells and is used to diagnose various types of anemia. By multiplying the Hct by 10, the result is obtained in femtoliters (fL), which is the standard unit for MCV measurement. Dividing it by the number of red blood cells provides a more accurate representation of the average size of the cells.

MCV stands for Mean Corpuscular Volume, which is a measure of the average size of red blood cells. Microcytes are red blood cells that are smaller than normal. Therefore, if the MCV values are less than the normal average, it indicates the presence of microcytes in the blood.

MCV stands for Mean Corpuscular Volume, which is a measure of the average size of red blood cells. Macrocytes refers to red blood cells that are larger than normal. Therefore, if the MCV values are greater than the normal average, it indicates the presence of macrocytes in the blood.

MCV stands for Mean Corpuscular Volume, which is a measure of the average volume of red blood cells in a person's body. It is typically measured in units called femtoliters (fL), which is equal to one quadrillionth of a liter. Therefore, the given statement that MCV is measured in femtoliters is correct.

The normal mean corpuscular volume (MCV) for a cat is typically between 40-55. MCV is a measure of the average size of red blood cells, and it can provide information about the cat's overall health and the presence of certain conditions. A MCV value within the normal range indicates that the cat's red blood cells are of a normal size, which is important for proper oxygen transport and overall functioning of the body.

The normal mean corpuscular volume (MCV) for a dog is typically between 60-77. MCV refers to the average size of red blood cells in the bloodstream. This range indicates the typical size range for red blood cells in a healthy dog. Values below or above this range may indicate certain health conditions or abnormalities in the dog's blood.

The normal MCV (mean corpuscular volume) for a horse is 35-55. MCV is a measure of the average size of the red blood cells, and it is an important parameter in evaluating the health of the horse's blood. The range of 35-55 indicates the normal variation in red blood cell size for a healthy horse. Values outside this range may indicate an underlying health issue or abnormality in the horse's blood.

The MCH formula is calculated by multiplying the Hemoglobin (HB) level by 10 and then dividing it by the number of Red Blood Cells (#RBC) in millions. This formula helps determine the mean corpuscular hemoglobin, which is a measure of the average amount of hemoglobin present in each red blood cell. By using this formula, healthcare professionals can assess the hemoglobin content in the blood and identify any abnormalities or deficiencies.

Babesia is the correct answer because it is the name of the RBC parasite being referred to in the question. Babesia is a genus of parasites that infects red blood cells and causes a disease called babesiosis. It is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected ticks. Therefore, Babesia is the correct name for this particular RBC parasite.

MCH (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin) is a measure of the average amount of hemoglobin in each red blood cell. When MCH values are less than normal, it indicates hypochromic anemia. Hypochromic anemia is a type of anemia where the red blood cells have a lower than normal concentration of hemoglobin, which is the protein responsible for carrying oxygen. This condition can be caused by various factors, including iron deficiency, certain chronic diseases, or genetic disorders. It often leads to symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath, as the body's tissues do not receive enough oxygen.

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Animals have approximately 70 milliliters of blood per kilogram of body weight. This means that for every kilogram of body weight, an animal has 70 milliliters of blood. This ratio helps to ensure that animals have enough blood to supply oxygen and nutrients to their tissues and organs. It also helps to maintain proper circulation and regulate body temperature.

The normal MCH (mean corpuscular hemoglobin) range for a horse is 14-18. MCH measures the average amount of hemoglobin in each red blood cell. Hemoglobin is responsible for carrying oxygen to the body's tissues. The given answer indicates the acceptable range of MCH values for a horse, which falls between 14 and 18.

The normal MCH (mean corpuscular hemoglobin) range for a dog is 15-25. MCH is a measure of the average amount of hemoglobin in each red blood cell. This range indicates the typical and healthy levels of hemoglobin in a dog's red blood cells. Hemoglobin carries oxygen throughout the body, so maintaining the appropriate MCH range is crucial for a dog's overall health and well-being.

The normal MCH (mean corpuscular hemoglobin) range for a cat is 13-20. MCH is a measure of the average amount of hemoglobin in each red blood cell. This range indicates the normal levels of hemoglobin in a cat's red blood cells. Hemoglobin is responsible for carrying oxygen to the body's tissues, so maintaining the appropriate levels is crucial for overall health and functioning.

The correct answer is 65-75. This range refers to the percentage of plasma in a cat's blood. Plasma is the liquid component of blood that carries nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body. In cats, the plasma percentage typically falls within the range of 65-75%. This range is important to monitor as it can indicate hydration levels and overall health in cats.

MCH stands for Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin, which is a measure of the average amount of hemoglobin present in a red blood cell. It is typically measured in picograms, which is a unit of mass equal to one trillionth of a gram. Measuring MCH helps in diagnosing and monitoring various blood disorders, such as anemia, by providing information about the amount of hemoglobin in red blood cells.

The given answer of 50-60 represents the percentage range of plasma in dogs. This means that the plasma in dogs typically makes up around 50% to 60% of their blood volume. Plasma is the liquid component of blood that carries various substances such as nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body. The range provided suggests that dogs have a relatively high amount of plasma compared to other components of their blood.

The formula for MCHC is calculated by multiplying the Hemoglobin (Hb) value by 100 and then dividing it by the Hematocrit (Hct) value. This formula is used to determine the Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), which measures the average concentration of hemoglobin in a given volume of packed red blood cells. By dividing the Hb value by Hct, this formula provides a standardized measure of hemoglobin concentration, allowing for comparisons between individuals.

MCHC stands for Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration, which is a measure of the average amount of hemoglobin in a given volume of packed red blood cells. It is expressed as a percentage, indicating the proportion of hemoglobin in the red blood cells. Therefore, the correct answer is percent.

The normal MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration) for dogs is 30-38. MCHC is a measure of the concentration of hemoglobin in the red blood cells. Hemoglobin carries oxygen throughout the body, so a normal MCHC range ensures proper oxygenation. If the MCHC is too low, it may indicate anemia or other health issues, while a high MCHC could suggest dehydration or certain blood disorders. Monitoring the MCHC helps veterinarians assess a dog's overall health and diagnose any potential problems.

The normal MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) for cats and horses is typically between 30-36. MCHC is a measure of the average concentration of hemoglobin in red blood cells, and it is an important indicator of the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. This range is considered normal for these animals, and any values below or above this range may indicate an underlying health issue. It is important to regularly monitor MCHC levels to ensure the overall health and well-being of cats and horses.

MCHC stands for Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration, which is a measure of the average concentration of hemoglobin in red blood cells. A decrease in MCHC values indicates that the concentration of hemoglobin in the cells is lower than normal. This condition is known as hypochromia, where the cells appear pale or hypochromatic. Hypochromatic cells may be seen in certain types of anemia, such as iron deficiency anemia or thalassemia.

MCHC stands for mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, which is a measure of the concentration of hemoglobin in a given volume of packed red blood cells. When MCHC values are greater than normal, it indicates hyperchromatic cells. Hyperchromatic cells have an increased concentration of hemoglobin, which can be seen in conditions such as spherocytosis or in certain types of anemia. This increase in hemoglobin concentration causes the cells to appear darker in color and more intensely stained.

found in cattle

The correct answer is 50-70. This range refers to the percentage of horse plasma. It indicates that the concentration of horse plasma in a given sample can vary between 50% and 70%.

Normal plasma is the liquid component of blood that is free from cells and clotting factors. It is typically a clear, light yellow color. This color is due to the presence of proteins, such as albumin, and other substances dissolved in the plasma. The yellow color becomes more pronounced when the plasma is concentrated, such as during dehydration, while a pale or watery appearance may indicate dilution. Monitoring the color of plasma can provide valuable information about a person's hydration status and overall health.

The normal WBC value for dogs is 11, which means that on average, a healthy dog should have 11 white blood cells per microliter of blood. White blood cells are an important part of the immune system and help to fight off infections and diseases. Monitoring the WBC count can help veterinarians assess a dog's overall health and detect any underlying conditions or infections.

The normal WBC value for cats is 12. This means that on average, a healthy cat will have a white blood cell count of 12. White blood cells are an important part of the immune system and help to fight off infections and diseases. Monitoring the WBC value can provide valuable information about the cat's overall health and immune function.

Artifacts in specimens can be caused by various factors including the age of the specimen, how it has been stored, and the way stains have been handled. As specimens age, they may deteriorate and develop artifacts that can affect the accuracy of the results. Improper storage conditions, such as exposure to heat, light, or moisture, can also lead to artifacts. Additionally, mishandling of stains during the preparation process can introduce artifacts that may interfere with the interpretation of the specimen. Therefore, the age of the specimen, storage conditions, and handling of stains are all potential causes of artifacts.

Plasma is composed of approximately 91% water, 8% protein, and 1% dissolved solids. This means that the majority of plasma is made up of water, followed by proteins and a small amount of dissolved solids.

The normal white blood cell (WBC) value for horses is 9. White blood cells are an important component of the immune system and help to fight off infections and diseases. A WBC count of 9 falls within the average range for horses, indicating that their immune system is functioning properly. This value can vary slightly depending on factors such as age, breed, and overall health of the horse. Regular monitoring of WBC levels is important to ensure the horse's immune system is functioning optimally.

The given answer, 7 Million, is the correct answer for the normal RBC (red blood cell) values for dogs. This means that on average, dogs have around 7 million red blood cells per microliter of blood. Red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body, so having a normal RBC count is important for a dog's overall health and well-being.

Basophilic stippling refers to the presence of small, dark blue granules in red blood cells (RBCs). These granules are actually aggregates of ribosomes and RNA, and their presence can indicate certain conditions such as lead poisoning, thalassemia, or other blood disorders. Basophilic stippling can be observed under a microscope and is characterized by the blue dots or speckles seen within the RBCs.

The given answer states that 60% of albumin is present in the plasma. This suggests that albumin makes up a significant proportion of the plasma composition. Albumin is a protein found in the blood and plays a crucial role in maintaining osmotic pressure, transporting substances, and regulating pH balance. Therefore, a high percentage of albumin in the plasma indicates its importance in various physiological functions.

The normal RBC (red blood cell) values for cats, on average, is 8 million. This means that a healthy cat would typically have around 8 million red blood cells per microliter of blood. Red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body, so having a normal RBC count is important for proper oxygenation and overall health.

The normal RBC values for horses, on average, are 10 million.

Erythrocytosis refers to an increase in the production of red blood cells (RBCs). This condition leads to an elevated number of RBCs in the bloodstream. The answer correctly states that erythrocytosis is characterized by increased production of RBCs. This can occur due to various factors such as chronic hypoxia, bone marrow disorders, or certain genetic mutations. The excess RBCs can cause thickening of the blood, leading to symptoms like fatigue, dizziness, and increased risk of blood clots. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may involve addressing the root cause or therapeutic phlebotomy to reduce the number of RBCs.

Leukopenia refers to a decrease in the number of white blood cells (WBCs) in the body. White blood cells are an essential part of the immune system and play a crucial role in fighting off infections and diseases. When the number of WBCs decreases, it can weaken the immune system and make the body more susceptible to infections. Leukopenia can be caused by various factors, including certain medications, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, autoimmune diseases, viral infections, and bone marrow disorders. Regular blood tests are necessary to diagnose and monitor leukopenia.

The answer is explaining that accuracy refers to how close a result is to the actual value. In other words, it is a measure of how well a measurement or calculation matches the true or expected value. Accuracy is important in various fields such as science, engineering, and statistics, as it ensures reliable and valid results.

Precision refers to the degree of closeness or consistency between a set of values. It measures how closely individual values in a dataset are grouped together. The higher the precision, the smaller the range of values and the closer they are to each other. Precision is often used to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of measurements or calculations. It is an important concept in various fields, including science, engineering, and statistics, as it helps determine the reliability and repeatability of experimental or analytical results.

The mean is a measure of central tendency that represents the average of a set of values. It is calculated by summing all the values in the set and then dividing by the total number of values. The mean provides a representative value that can be used to understand the typical value in the dataset.

A shift refers to a situation where control results consistently deviate from the mean value for a consecutive period of at least five days. This means that there is a noticeable and sustained change in the data, indicating a shift in the process being monitored. This could be due to various factors such as changes in equipment, procedures, or environmental conditions, which may affect the quality or performance of the process. Monitoring and identifying shifts is important in order to address any issues and maintain the desired level of control.

A trend refers to a gradual shift or movement of control values away from the mean over a period of 5 or more consecutive days. This means that the values consistently deviate from the average in the same direction for an extended period of time. This pattern can be observed by plotting the values on a graph, where a clear upward or downward trend is evident.

The red stopper tube does not contain any anticoagulant.

Hemostasis refers to the process of stopping bleeding. Mechanical hemostasis involves physical methods to control bleeding, such as applying pressure or using sutures. Chemical hemostasis, on the other hand, involves the use of medications or substances to promote clotting and prevent further bleeding. Therefore, the correct answer is mechanical and chemical, as these are the two types of hemostasis.

Used for hematology and cell morphology

Mechanical hemostasis is triggered by blood vessel injury. When a blood vessel is damaged, the body initiates a series of mechanisms to stop bleeding and promote clot formation. This includes the constriction of blood vessels, which reduces blood flow to the injured area. Additionally, platelets are activated and aggregate at the site of injury, forming a plug that helps to seal the damaged blood vessel. Finally, the coagulation cascade is activated, leading to the formation of a fibrin clot that further reinforces the plug and stabilizes the clot formation.

used for blood gases and STAT specimens