Child Development 1
- 1.
Jessica believes that development takes place in stages where children change rapidly as they step up to a new level and then changed very little for a while. Jessica views development as
- A.
Discontinuous
- B.
Determined by nature
- C.
Continuous
- D.
Determined by nurture
Correct Answer
A. Discontinuous -
- 2.
In her research, Dr. Rosenblum explores why shy chidren develop differently from their outgoing agemates. Dr. R most likely emphasizes ___________ in her research
- A.
A role of distinct contexts
- B.
The nature-nurture controversy
- C.
The concept of stage
- D.
Continuous development
Correct Answer
A. A role of distinct contexts -
- 3.
Charlene believes that her daughter's ability to think in complex ways is largely the result of an inborn timetable of growth. Charlene's view emphasizes
- A.
Nurture
- B.
Nature
- C.
Plasticity
- D.
Early experiences
Correct Answer
B. Nature -
- 4.
Dr. Kudrow views development as open to change in response to influential experiences. Dr. Kudrow probably emphasizes
- A.
Stability
- B.
Heredity
- C.
Stages
- D.
Plasticity
Correct Answer
D. Plasticity -
- 5.
According to research on resilience, which of the following children has an increased chance of offsetting the impact of a stressful home life?
- A.
Praise as a reward
- B.
Negative reinforcement
- C.
Physical punishment
- D.
Any form of discipline
Correct Answer
A. Praise as a reward -
- 6.
All contemporary child development theories view children as
- A.
Naturally endowed with a sense of right and wrong
- B.
Passive and emotionally fragile
- C.
Adults in training
- D.
Active, purposeful beings
Correct Answer
D. Active, purposeful beings -
- 7.
The most consistent asset of resilient children is
- A.
High self esteem
- B.
Access to high quality child car
- C.
A strong bond to a competent, caring adult
- D.
Being identified as gifted
Correct Answer
C. A strong bond to a competent, caring adult -
- 8.
Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon's intelligence test was developed as a way to
- A.
Identify children with learning problems who needed to be placed in special classes
- B.
Accurately predict school achievement and vocational success
- C.
Document developmental improvements in children's intellectual functioning
- D.
Measure individual differences in development as a function of race, gender and birth order
Correct Answer
A. Identify children with learning problems who needed to be placed in special classes -
- 9.
The psycholanalytic perspective emphasizes
- A.
Normative information that represents typical development
- B.
The unique history of each child
- C.
Stimuli and responses
- D.
Modeling or imitation
Correct Answer
B. The unique history of each child -
- 10.
According to Freud, the __________ is the conscious, rational part of personality
- A.
Id
- B.
Ego
- C.
Superego
- D.
Superid
Correct Answer
B. Ego -
- 11.
Erik Erikson was one of the first theorists to
- A.
Study the nature-nurture controversy
- B.
Focus on the impact of early experiences on later behavior
- C.
Recognize the lifespan nature of development
- D.
View children as passive beings
Correct Answer
C. Recognize the lifespan nature of development -
- 12.
Every time 10 month old Rita eats a pea, her father claps and says "good girl!" in response to her father's praise Rita excitedly eats the remaining peas. Rita's behavior is an example of
- A.
Classical conditioning
- B.
Modeling
- C.
Behavior modification
- D.
Operant conditioning
Correct Answer
D. Operant conditioning -
- 13.
When John taught Albert, an 11 month old infant, to fear a neatral stimulus by presenting it several times with a sharp, loud sound. JOhn applied __________ to children's behavior
- A.
Innate reflexes
- B.
Observational learning
- C.
Classical conditioning
- D.
Operant conditioning
Correct Answer
C. Classical conditioning -
- 14.
Which of the following is true about social learning theory?
- A.
It emphasizes modeling also known as imitation or observational learning, as a powerful source of development
- B.
It maintains the behaviorism offers little or no effective explanation of the development of children's social behavior
- C.
It is criticized because it places little emphasis on how children are influenced by the behavior of their parents and peers
- D.
It emphasizes classical over operant conditioning and relies heavily on the precise concepts of psychoanalytic theory
Correct Answer
A. It emphasizes modeling also known as imitation or observational learning, as a powerful source of development -
- 15.
At home, Paul's parents hit him as punishment for misbehavior. At preschool, Paul angrily hits a playmate who takes his toy. According to social learning theory, Paul is displaying
- A.
Classical conditioning
- B.
Operant conditioning
- C.
Behavior modification
- D.
Observational learning
Correct Answer
D. Observational learning -
- 16.
On a few occasions, Jack's mother gave him candy to keep him quiet when she took him to the doctor's ofice. Now everytime Jack goes to the doctor he asks his mother for candy. This is an example of
- A.
Classical conditioning
- B.
Operant conditioning
- C.
Observational learning
- D.
Modeling
Correct Answer
B. Operant conditioning -
- 17.
Which of the following is an example of behavior modification?
- A.
Letting children with acute burn injuries play a virtual reality game while nurses engage in the painful process of changing their bandages
- B.
Modeling quiet reading for children to teach them to sit quietly while they read
- C.
Talking with children about fears in attempt to uncover the underlying cause of thumb sucking
- D.
Taking away treasured toys for an increased amount of time each time a child bites his or her nails
Correct Answer
A. Letting children with acute burn injuries play a virtual reality game while nurses engage in the painful process of changing their bandages -
- 18.
According to Piaget's theory, in the sensorimotor stage, Children
- A.
Can think of all the possible outcomes in a scientific problem
- B.
Organize objects into hierarchies of classes and subclasses
- C.
Think by acting on the world with their eyes, hands, ears and mouth
- D.
Can evaluate the logic of verbal statements without referring to real world circumstances
Correct Answer
C. Think by acting on the world with their eyes, hands, ears and mouth -
- 19.
Children can evaluate the logic of verbal statements without referring to real world circumstances in Piaget's ___________ stage.
- A.
Sensorimotor
- B.
Preoperational
- C.
Concrete operational
- D.
Formal operational
Correct Answer
D. Formal operational -
- 20.
A classroom environment based on Piaget's theory of cognitive development would likely emphasize
- A.
Joint problem solving with older children or adults
- B.
Reinforcing children with tokens they could exchange for treats
- C.
Formal mathematics and learning drills
- D.
Discovery learning and direct contact with the environment
Correct Answer
D. Discovery learning and direct contact with the environment -
- 21.
Development of language and make believe play take place in Piaget's _________ stage
- A.
Sensorimotor
- B.
Preoperational
- C.
Concrete operational
- D.
Formal operational
Correct Answer
B. Preoperational -
- 22.
In a research study, 10 year old Joe was given a pile of block varying in size, shape and weight and was asked to build a bridge over a "river" that was too wide for any singleblock to span. The researcher carefully tracked Joe's efforts using a flowchart. The researcher was probably applying which recent theoretical perspective?
- A.
Ecological systems theory
- B.
Evolutionary developmental psychology
- C.
Information processing
- D.
Sociocultural theory
Correct Answer
C. Information processing -
- 23.
Observations of imprinting led to which of the following major concerns in child development?
- A.
Behavior modification
- B.
Observational learning
- C.
The critical period
- D.
The chronosystem
Correct Answer
C. The critical period -
- 24.
Dr. McMath is an evolutionary developmental psychologist. Which of the following is probably ture about Dr. McMath?
- A.
He is primary concerned with the genetic and biological basis of development
- B.
He wants to understand the entire organism- environment system
- C.
He is primarily concerned with environmental influences on development
- D.
He focuses on how culture is transmitted to the next generation
Correct Answer
B. He wants to understand the entire organism- environment system -
- 25.
According to Vygotsky's Theory,
- A.
Todays lifestyle differ so radically from those of our evolutionary ancestors that certain evolved behaviors are no longer adaptive
- B.
Children shape their own development during both sensitive and critical developmental periods
- C.
Children revise incorrect ideas in their ongoing efforts to achieve equilibrium between internal structures and everyday information
- D.
Social interaction is necessary for children to acquire the ways of thinking and behaving that make up a community's culture
Correct Answer
D. Social interaction is necessary for children to acquire the ways of thinking and behaving that make up a community's culture -
- 26.
Which of the following behavior is consistent with Vygotsky's theory?
- A.
When his mother takes him to the grocery story. Tom is well behaved because he knows that his mother will reward him with candy
- B.
When playing in her sandbox, Amy builds the same sort of castle that she observed her best friend build yesterday
- C.
Yesica, a child candy seller with no schooling, develops sophisticated mathematical abilities as a result of her work
- D.
When working on her math homework, Michelle tries several solutions before she arrives at the correct answer
Correct Answer
C. Yesica, a child candy seller with no schooling, develops sophisticated mathematical abilities as a result of her work -
- 27.
Dr. Brown observes behavior in a laboratory, where conditions are the same for all participants. This is an example of
- A.
The clinical method
- B.
A structured observation
- C.
A naturalistic observation
- D.
An ethnography
Correct Answer
B. A structured observation -
- 28.
Dr. Kempsell combines interviews, observations, and test scores to obtain a full pricture of one individual's psychological functioning. This is an example of
- A.
Naturalistic observation
- B.
Structured observation
- C.
A structured interview
- D.
The critical method
Correct Answer
D. The critical method -
- 29.
Dr. Newman spent three years in Botswana, participating in the daily life of a community there. She gathered extensive field notes, consisting of a mix of self reports from members of the community and her own observations Which research method did Dr newman most likely use in her research?
- A.
Ethnography
- B.
Structured observation
- C.
The microgenetic design
- D.
The case study method
Correct Answer
A. Ethnography -
- 30.
Immigrant parents of successful youths typically
- A.
View school successes as less important than native born parents
- B.
Develop close ties to an ethic community
- C.
Encourage full assimilation into the majority culture
- D.
Stress individualistic values over collectivist values
Correct Answer
B. Develop close ties to an ethic community -
- 31.
An _________ perments influences about cause and effect.
- A.
Correlation coefficient
- B.
Experimental design
- C.
Correlational design
- D.
Case study
Correct Answer
B. Experimental design -
- 32.
The independent variable is the one that
- A.
The investigator expects to be influenced by another variable
- B.
Is randomly assigned
- C.
Shows the strength of the correlational relationship
- D.
The investigator expects to cause changes in another variable
Correct Answer
D. The investigator expects to cause changes in another variable -
- 33.
Dr. Kirk wants to study sibliing relationships at differing ages. Dr Kirk has children with one or more sibilings in grades 3, 6, 9 and 12 complete his questionnaire. This is an example of a __________ study
- A.
Cross-sectional
- B.
Longitudinal
- C.
Microgenetic
- D.
Sequential
Correct Answer
A. Cross-sectional -
- 34.
Sustained musical experiences such as music lessons, can lead to
- A.
Substantial increase in intelligence that do not arise from comparable drama lessons
- B.
Substantial decreases in social maturity that do not arise from comparable drama lessons
- C.
Small increases in intelligence that do not arise from comparable drama lessons
- D.
Small increases in social maturity that do not arise from comparable drama lessons
Correct Answer
C. Small increases in intelligence that do not arise from comparable drama lessons -
- 35.
Directly observable characterisitcs are affected by an individual's lifelong history of experiences and also by the individual's
- A.
Karotype
- B.
Phenotype
- C.
Gamete
- D.
Genotype
Correct Answer
B. Phenotype -
- 36.
Chromosomes
- A.
Store and transmit genetic information
- B.
Come in 46 matching pairs
- C.
Are inherited from the mother only
- D.
Are inherited from the father only
Correct Answer
A. Store and transmit genetic information -
- 37.
Individuals around the world are about ________ percent genetically identical
- A.
39.1
- B.
59.1
- C.
79.1
- D.
99.1
Correct Answer
D. 99.1 -
- 38.
___________ halves the number of chromosomes normally present in body cells.
- A.
Mitosis
- B.
Osmosis
- C.
Meiosis
- D.
Autosome formation
Correct Answer
C. Meiosis -
- 39.
Taylor's twenty-third pair of chromosomes is XY. Taylor
- A.
Has PKU
- B.
Had Down Syndrome
- C.
Is male
- D.
Is female
Correct Answer
C. Is male -
- 40.
Which of the folllowing is a major cause of the dramatic rise in fraternial twinning in industrialized nations?
- A.
Temperature changes
- B.
Older maternal age
- C.
Late fertilization of the ovum
- D.
Variation in oxygen levels
Correct Answer
B. Older maternal age -
- 41.
Which of the following is a recessive trait?
- A.
Curly hair
- B.
Facial dimples
- C.
Double-jointedness
- D.
Red hair
Correct Answer
D. Red hair -
- 42.
Sickle cell anemia
- A.
Is common among Jews of European descent
- B.
Is common in children whose parents are of Mediterranean descent
- C.
Occurs in full form when a child inherits two recessive alleles
- D.
Is a homogeneous condition
Correct Answer
C. Occurs in full form when a child inherits two recessive alleles -
- 43.
Which of the following seroius diseases is due to dominant alleles?
- A.
Cooley's anemia
- B.
Sickle cell anemia
- C.
Huntington disease
- D.
Hemophilia
Correct Answer
C. Huntington disease -
- 44.
Fragile X Syndrome
- A.
Is an example of polygenic inheritance
- B.
Occurs when there is a sudden but permanent change in the segment of DNA
- C.
Is the most common inherited cause of mental retardation
- D.
Occurs most often in females than males because of the disorder is X linked
Correct Answer
C. Is the most common inherited cause of mental retardation -
- 45.
The most frequently occuring form of Down syndrome results from
- A.
An extra broken piece of a twenty first chromosome attaching to another chromosome
- B.
An error during the early stages of mitosis
- C.
A failure of the twenty first pair of chromosomes to seperate during meiosis
- D.
The inheritance of an extra X chromosome
Correct Answer
C. A failure of the twenty first pair of chromosomes to seperate during meiosis -
- 46.
Mr. and Mrs Sedgwick's child was diagnosed with Turner syndrome. Their child has a(n) _________ chromosome
- A.
Extra X
- B.
Missing X
- C.
Missing Y
- D.
Extra Y
Correct Answer
B. Missing X -
- 47.
Mr and Mrs White are told that their son has the most common chromosomal disorder. The Whites' son has ________ syndrome
- A.
Klinefelter
- B.
Down
- C.
Triple X
- D.
Turner
Correct Answer
B. Down -
- 48.
Angela and Tony's first child died in infancy. They badly want to have another child but are worried about angela's family history of genetic disorders. They want to find out if Angela is a carrier. Angela and Tony are candidates for
- A.
In vitro fertilization
- B.
Genetic counseling
- C.
Donor insemination
- D.
Aminocentesis
Correct Answer
B. Genetic counseling -
- 49.
Which of the following is true about adoption?
- A.
In north america more unwed mothers give up their babies than in the past
- B.
Children adopted after infancy fare as well or better than those adopted as infants
- C.
In North America the availability of healthy babies has declined
- D.
Fewer adoptive parents are accepting children who have known developmental problems
Correct Answer
C. In North America the availability of healthy babies has declined -
- 50.
Most adopted children
- A.
Fare well and make rapid progress
- B.
Have persistent cognitive delays
- C.
Suffer from severe emotional problems
- D.
Have persistent social problems
Correct Answer
A. Fare well and make rapid progress -
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Jan 29, 2013Quiz Edited by
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