Child Development 1

1. Nate, whose parents are involved in his school activites probably

Resents his parent's involvement in his education

Shows better academic achievement than his agemates whose parents are uninvolved

Lives in a low SES household with many siblings

Attends a private school in a large city

2. Jenna's physical growth is slow. She has short eyelid openings, a thin upper lip, a flattened philtrum, and brain injury. Jenna's mother probably _________ during pregnancy

Drank heavily

Smoked cigarettes

Used cocaine

Used methadone

3. Beatrice has smoked throughout her pregnancy. Now in her seventh month, Beatrice is considering quitting. You can tell her that:

The damage was already done during the zygotic period

If she quits now, she reduces the likelihood that her baby will be born underweight

The damage was already done during the embryonic period

Quitting now will not reduce the likelihood that her baby will have colic

4. Dr. Newman spent three years in Botswana, participating in the daily life of a community there. She gathered extensive field notes, consisting of a mix of self reports from members of the community and her own observations Which research method did Dr newman most likely use in her research?

Ethnography

Structured observation

The microgenetic design

The case study method

5. Carmen is prematurely delivering her baby at 28 weeks. the baby will probably

Not survive

Need oxygen assistance to breathe

Experience intense pain

Spend the next few weeks with no periods of alertness

6. According to research on resilience, which of the following children has an increased chance of offsetting the impact of a stressful home life?

Praise as a reward

Negative reinforcement

Physical punishment

Any form of discipline

7. Dr. Kirk wants to study sibliing relationships at differing ages. Dr Kirk has children with one or more sibilings in grades 3, 6, 9 and 12 complete his questionnaire. This is an example of a __________ study

Cross-sectional

Longitudinal

Microgenetic

Sequential

8. Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon's intelligence test was developed as a way to

Identify children with learning problems who needed to be placed in special classes

Accurately predict school achievement and vocational success

Document developmental improvements in children's intellectual functioning

Measure individual differences in development as a function of race, gender and birth order

9. According to Freud, the __________ is the conscious, rational part of personality

Id

Ego

Superego

Superid

10. Infants born to teenagers have a higher rate of problems because

Teenagers' reproductive organs are not yet mature enough to support a pregnancy

Teenagers are not yet physically ready to give birth

Many pregnant teenagers do not receive adequate prenatal care

Teenagers are exposed to more teratogens than other pregnant mothers

11. Mr and Mrs White are told that their son has the most common chromosomal disorder. The Whites' son has ________ syndrome

Klinefelter

Down

Triple X

Turner

12. Which of the following children are least likely to participate in an available neighborhood organization?

Megan, who lives in a lower middle class area

Francis who lives in a low income area

Chantel who lives in a upper middle class area

Lucas who lives in an affluent area

13. The effects of teratogens

May not show up for decades

Rarely go beyond physical damage

Are always immediate

Are always obvious

14. Jessica believes that development takes place in stages where children change rapidly as they step up to a new level and then changed very little for a while. Jessica views development as

Discontinuous

Determined by nature

Continuous

Determined by nurture

15. The psycholanalytic perspective emphasizes

Normative information that represents typical development

The unique history of each child

Stimuli and responses

Modeling or imitation

16. In a kinship study of intelligence, which of the following siblings pair will likely share a high correlation?

Max and martin, nontwin brothers

Jabar and tobias identical twins

Marci and sonia, fraternal twins

Mary jane and susan, nontwin sisters

17. Jesse weighed 3.3 pounds when he was born. Research shows that he is at an increased risk of _______ in adulthood.

Prostate cancer

Diabetes

Lymphatic cancer

Alzheimer's disease

18. Immigrant parents of successful youths typically

View school successes as less important than native born parents

Develop close ties to an ethic community

Encourage full assimilation into the majority culture

Stress individualistic values over collectivist values

19. Which of the following statements reflects a widely held opinion in the United States?

The government should help poor people raise their children

Most people are content with other intruding into family life as long as help is needed

If you decide to have a baby, you should be ready to care for it.

People should try to define themselves as part of a group

20. The harm done by teratogens

Is simple and straightforward

Always creates a "monstrosity" or malformation

Depends on dose, heredity, age, and other negative influences

Can rarely be prevented

21. On a few occasions, Jack's mother gave him candy to keep him quiet when she took him to the doctor's ofice. Now everytime Jack goes to the doctor he asks his mother for candy. This is an example of

Classical conditioning

Operant conditioning

Observational learning

Modeling

22. Sickle cell anemia

Is common among Jews of European descent

Is common in children whose parents are of Mediterranean descent

Occurs in full form when a child inherits two recessive alleles

Is a homogeneous condition

23. Angela and Tony's first child died in infancy. They badly want to have another child but are worried about angela's family history of genetic disorders. They want to find out if Angela is a carrier. Angela and Tony are candidates for

In vitro fertilization

Genetic counseling

Donor insemination

Aminocentesis

24. Nearly 30 percent of adolescent mothers

Receive inadequate prenatal care

Give birth at home

Give up their babies for adoption

Develop preeclampsia in the third trimester

25. When John taught Albert, an 11 month old infant, to fear a neatral stimulus by presenting it several times with a sharp, loud sound. JOhn applied __________ to children's behavior

Innate reflexes

Observational learning

Classical conditioning

Operant conditioning

26. During her first prenatal visit, LaToya's doctor explains that the ________ prevent(s) the skin from chaping during the long months spent bathing in the amniotic fluid

Villi

Vernix

Glial cells

Chorion

27. Sustained musical experiences such as music lessons, can lead to

Substantial increase in intelligence that do not arise from comparable drama lessons

Substantial decreases in social maturity that do not arise from comparable drama lessons

Small increases in intelligence that do not arise from comparable drama lessons

Small increases in social maturity that do not arise from comparable drama lessons

28. Valerie, 2 months pregnant wonders how food and oxygen are delivered to the developing organism. You should tell Valerie that the ________ performs this function

Chorion

Amnion

Placenta

Neural tube

29. Sophie weighed 8.9 pounds when she was born. Research shows that she is at an increased risk of _________ in adulthood

Breast cancer

Lung cancer

Heart disease

Stroke

30. The most consistent asset of resilient children is

High self esteem

Access to high quality child car

A strong bond to a competent, caring adult

Being identified as gifted

31. Observations of imprinting led to which of the following major concerns in child development?

Behavior modification

Observational learning

The critical period

The chronosystem

32. Dr. McMath is an evolutionary developmental psychologist. Which of the following is probably ture about Dr. McMath?

He is primary concerned with the genetic and biological basis of development

He wants to understand the entire organism- environment system

He is primarily concerned with environmental influences on development

He focuses on how culture is transmitted to the next generation

33. Dr. Brown observes behavior in a laboratory, where conditions are the same for all participants. This is an example of

The clinical method

A structured observation

A naturalistic observation

An ethnography

34. Which of the following statements is true about only children?

They are more intelligent than children with siblings

They are as well adjusted as children with siblings

They have more emotional problems than children with siblings

They are less intelligent than children with siblings

35. The Nurse-Family Partnership is a

Health care program currently implemented in developing countries

Voluntary home visiting programs for first time low income expectant mothers

Mandatory home visiting program for new mothers with speical needs infants

Community service program available for pregnant teens in urban areas

36. The period of the zygote lasts

For about 13 weeks or a trimester

From fertilization to implantation

For about six weeks

During conception to fertilization

37. According to Piaget's theory, in the sensorimotor stage, Children

Can think of all the possible outcomes in a scientific problem

Organize objects into hierarchies of classes and subclasses

Think by acting on the world with their eyes, hands, ears and mouth

Can evaluate the logic of verbal statements without referring to real world circumstances

38. An _________ perments influences about cause and effect.

Correlation coefficient

Experimental design

Correlational design

Case study

39. Mr. and Mrs Sedgwick's child was diagnosed with Turner syndrome. Their child has a(n) _________ chromosome

Extra X

Missing X

Missing Y

Extra Y

40. Most adopted children

Fare well and make rapid progress

Have persistent cognitive delays

Suffer from severe emotional problems

Have persistent social problems

41. Development of language and make believe play take place in Piaget's _________ stage

Sensorimotor

Preoperational

Concrete operational

Formal operational

42. Contemporary researchers view the family as

A network of interdependent relationships

Primarily influenced by third parties

A macrosystem

A chronosystem

43. In one study, more active fetuses during the third trimester became 1 year olds who ___________ than those who were less active prenatally.

Could better handle frustration

Less readily interacted with unfamiliar adults

Were more fearful

Less readily interacted with toys

44. Which of the following seroius diseases is due to dominant alleles?

Cooley's anemia

Sickle cell anemia

Huntington disease

Hemophilia

45. During the period of the fetus, the

Developing organism increases rapidly in size

Most rapid prenatal changes take place

Heart begins to pump blood

Brain is formed

46. During the third month of pregnancy

The fetus can suck its thumb

Tiny buds become arms, legs, fingers and toes

Neuron production begins

The eyes, ears and nose form

47. During the period of the fetus, the

Developing organism increases rapidly in size

Most rapid prenatal changes take place

Heart begins to pump blood

Brain is formed

48. Danica is a healthy 35 year old women who is pregnant with her first child. Danica is

More likely than a younger women to have a low birth weight baby

Likely to have a longer and more difficult labor than a younger women

More likely to have prenatal complications than a woman in her twenties

As likely as a younger women to have no prenatal or birth complications

49. Kali's face, hands and feet began to swell in the second half of her pregnancy. Kali's doctor began to monitor her blood pressure. The doctor was probably concerned about

Toxoplasmosis

Maternal diabetes

RH incompatibility

Preeclampsia

50. The _______ secretes hormone that prepare the lining of the uterus to receive a fertilized ovum.

Ovaries

Corpus luteum

Fallopian tubes

Cervix

51. Which of the following is true about social learning theory?

It emphasizes modeling also known as imitation or observational learning, as a powerful source of development

It maintains the behaviorism offers little or no effective explanation of the development of children's social behavior

It emphasizes classical over operant conditioning and relies heavily on the precise concepts of psychoanalytic theory

52. Taylor's twenty-third pair of chromosomes is XY. Taylor

Has PKU

Had Down Syndrome

Is male

Is female

53. In the United States today, African American parents ______________ then Caucasian- American parents.

Live farther away from extended family members

See fewer relatives during the week

Perceive their relatives as less important in their lives

More often live in extended family households

54. Extended family living is associated with

More positive mother child interaction during the preschool years

Increased antisocial behavior in adolescents

Decreased self-reliance in adolescents

Lower rates of adolescent pregnancy and parenthood

55. Which of the following statements is true about HIV and AIDS

HIV positive pregnant women pass the virus to their fetus 20 to 30 percent of the time

About 25-35 percent of the prenatal AIDS babies die by 1 years of age

There are no antiviral drugs that reduce prenatal AIDS transmission without harmful consequences

Most infant HIV cases are curable if caught and treated early

56. In her research, Dr. Rosenblum explores why shy chidren develop differently from their outgoing agemates. Dr. R most likely emphasizes ___________ in her research

A role of distinct contexts

The nature-nurture controversy

The concept of stage

Continuous development

57. Dr. Kudrow views development as open to change in response to influential experiences. Dr. Kudrow probably emphasizes

Stability

Heredity

Stages

Plasticity

58. Which of the following is a recessive trait?

Curly hair

Facial dimples

Double-jointedness

Red hair

59. Which of the following is true about surrogate motherhood?

Most surrogates have no children of their own

Surrogates cannot be paid for their childbearing services

It usually involves the wealthy as contractors for infacts and the less economically advantaged as surrogates

It usually involved younger couples as contractors and older women as surrogates

60. Most conceptions result from intercourse during the

First week of the menstrual cycle

Last week of the menstrual cycle

Day of ovulation and the two days following it

Two days preceding ovulation and the day of ovulation

61. Directly observable characterisitcs are affected by an individual's lifelong history of experiences and also by the individual's

Karotype

Phenotype

Gamete

Genotype

62. Jonelle can promote her grandchildren's development indirectly by

Responding warmly to the children

Gently reprimanding the children when they misbehave

Providing financial assistance to their parents

Implementing a reward system for the children's good behavior

63. Marcus, a cooperative, attentive child, recieves more patient and sensitive interactions from his parents than they give Erica, his distractible, inattentive sister. This is an example of a(n) ____________ genetic-environmental correlation.

Passive

Evocative

Active

Dynamic

64. Charlene believes that her daughter's ability to think in complex ways is largely the result of an inborn timetable of growth. Charlene's view emphasizes

Nurture

Nature

Plasticity

Early experiences

65. All contemporary child development theories view children as

Naturally endowed with a sense of right and wrong

Passive and emotionally fragile

Adults in training

Active, purposeful beings

66. A classroom environment based on Piaget's theory of cognitive development would likely emphasize

Joint problem solving with older children or adults

Reinforcing children with tokens they could exchange for treats

Formal mathematics and learning drills

Discovery learning and direct contact with the environment

67. Parent-teacher contact is more frequent in

Small towns

Large cities

Low SES schools

Small schools

68. Which of the following is an example of behavior modification?

Modeling quiet reading for children to teach them to sit quietly while they read

Talking with children about fears in attempt to uncover the underlying cause of thumb sucking

Taking away treasured toys for an increased amount of time each time a child bites his or her nails

69. In a research study, 10 year old Joe was given a pile of block varying in size, shape and weight and was asked to build a bridge over a "river" that was too wide for any singleblock to span. The researcher carefully tracked Joe's efforts using a flowchart. The researcher was probably applying which recent theoretical perspective?

Ecological systems theory

Evolutionary developmental psychology

Information processing

Sociocultural theory

70. Jada provides her baby with a healthy diet, which promotes brain growth, leading to new connections among nerve cells, which transform gene expression. This sequence opens the door to new gene-environment exchanges, such as advanced exploration of objects and interactions with caregivers. This is an example of

Niche-picking

Canalization

Epigenesis

Range of reaction

71. In the United States today, _______ percent of married couples bear children

50

60

70

80

72. Erik Erikson was one of the first theorists to

Study the nature-nurture controversy

Focus on the impact of early experiences on later behavior

Recognize the lifespan nature of development

View children as passive beings

73. Fragile X Syndrome

Is an example of polygenic inheritance

Occurs when there is a sudden but permanent change in the segment of DNA

Is the most common inherited cause of mental retardation

Occurs most often in females than males because of the disorder is X linked

74. The age of viability occurs sometime between _ and _ weeks

18; 22

20; 24

22; 26

26; 30

75. Which of the folllowing is a major cause of the dramatic rise in fraternial twinning in industrialized nations?

Temperature changes

Older maternal age

Late fertilization of the ovum

Variation in oxygen levels

76. Which of the following statements about models of effective parenthood is true?

In most cases, people who have negative experiences in their own childhoods have conflicted relationships with their children

77. During the second trimester

Convolutions appear on the surface of the brain

The fetus takes on the beginnings of a personality

Lanugo appears over the entire body

The fetus can distinguish the tone and rhythm of different voices

78. ___________ halves the number of chromosomes normally present in body cells.

Mitosis

Osmosis

Meiosis

Autosome formation

79. At home, Paul's parents hit him as punishment for misbehavior. At preschool, Paul angrily hits a playmate who takes his toy. According to social learning theory, Paul is displaying

Classical conditioning

Operant conditioning

Behavior modification

Observational learning

80. According to Vygotsky's Theory,

Todays lifestyle differ so radically from those of our evolutionary ancestors that certain evolved behaviors are no longer adaptive

Children shape their own development during both sensitive and critical developmental periods

Children revise incorrect ideas in their ongoing efforts to achieve equilibrium between internal structures and everyday information

Social interaction is necessary for children to acquire the ways of thinking and behaving that make up a community's culture

81. Spern can survive for up to

Twelve hours

Two days

Four days

Six days

82. The independent variable is the one that

The investigator expects to be influenced by another variable

Is randomly assigned

Shows the strength of the correlational relationship

The investigator expects to cause changes in another variable

83. Which of the following statements is true about Zola's third month of pregnancy

She should be able to feel the baby move

She should avoid regular exercise

She should be able to hear the heartbeat through a stethoscope

She should have gained at least 10 pounds since becoming pregnant

84. Every time 10 month old Rita eats a pea, her father claps and says "good girl!" in response to her father's praise Rita excitedly eats the remaining peas. Rita's behavior is an example of

Classical conditioning

Modeling

Behavior modification

Operant conditioning

85. Which of the following behavior is consistent with Vygotsky's theory?

When playing in her sandbox, Amy builds the same sort of castle that she observed her best friend build yesterday

Yesica, a child candy seller with no schooling, develops sophisticated mathematical abilities as a result of her work

When working on her math homework, Michelle tries several solutions before she arrives at the correct answer

86. Which of the following is true about adoption?

In north america more unwed mothers give up their babies than in the past

Children adopted after infancy fare as well or better than those adopted as infants

In North America the availability of healthy babies has declined

Fewer adoptive parents are accepting children who have known developmental problems

87. Monica provides her fetus with stimulation specially designed to enhance later mental development. Monica should know that

Playing classical music is likely to have a long lasting impact on cognitive development

Reading aloud is likely to have a long lasting impact on cognitive development

Later experiences can override the impact of fetal stimulation

Prolonged exposure to sounds is just as harmless to fetal inner ear structure as they are to the mature ear

88. The most frequently occuring form of Down syndrome results from

An extra broken piece of a twenty first chromosome attaching to another chromosome

An error during the early stages of mitosis

A failure of the twenty first pair of chromosomes to seperate during meiosis

The inheritance of an extra X chromosome

89. In an extremely under-stimulating environment, both Bella and Alice would have low intelligence. However, in a highly-stimulating environment, Alice's performace would greatly exceed Bella's performance. This is an example of

Canalization

Niche-picking

Reaction range

Genetic-environmental correlation

90. Chromosomes

Store and transmit genetic information

Come in 46 matching pairs

Are inherited from the mother only

Are inherited from the father only

91. Children can evaluate the logic of verbal statements without referring to real world circumstances in Piaget's ___________ stage.

Sensorimotor

Preoperational

Concrete operational

Formal operational

92. Which of the following individuals are more likely to score high in impulsivity, according to research on smoking?

Daniel, who has DD genetic makeup and a mother who smoked during pregnancy

Reba, who has a DD genetic make up and a nonsmoking mother

John who has a DD genetic makeup and a mother who smoked prior to becoming pregnant

Samantha, who has a DB genetic makeup and a mother who smoked during pregnancy.

93. Individuals around the world are about ________ percent genetically identical

39.1

59.1

79.1

99.1

94. Which of the following is a reason why attempts to help children and youths have been difficult to realize in the United States?

While good social programs are inexpensive, they must compete for a share of the country's economic resources

Cultural values of interdependence and responsibility to others have made federal programs unnecessary

Children cannot vote or lobby to protect their own interests

Public policies aimed at fostering children's development do not yield valuable returns

95. Most children with sex chromosomes disorders

Suffer from mental retardation

Have verbal differences

Have trouble with spatial relations

Have very specific intellectual problems

96. Dr. Kempsell combines interviews, observations, and test scores to obtain a full pricture of one individual's psychological functioning. This is an example of

Naturalistic observation

Structured observation

A structured interview

The critical method

97. Research on childbearing reveals that

Fertility problems do no increase for mean between ages 25 and 45

Fertility problems among women do not show any increase until age 40

Reproductive technologies are equally successful among younger and older parents

A 45 year old man is less fertile than a 25 year old man

98. Which of the following statements is supposed by research on family size?

Parental quality declines as new children are born

New births lead to an increase in maternal affection toward older siblings

Limiting family size increases the chances of having children with high intelligence scores

Parents who have many children tend to reallocate their energies

99. During the second month of pregnancy, the

Embryo react to light

Embryo kicks and bends its arms

Heart begins to pump blood

Heart develops separate chambers

100. The _________ produces blood cells until the developing liver, spleen, and bone marrow are mature enough to take over this function

Amnion

Chorion

Placenta

Yolk sac

Child Development 1

1. Nate, whose parents are involved in his school activites probably

2.

What first name or nickname would you like us to use?

2. Jenna's physical growth is slow. She has short eyelid openings, a thin upper lip, a flattened philtrum, and brain injury. Jenna's mother probably _________ during pregnancy

3. Beatrice has smoked throughout her pregnancy. Now in her seventh month, Beatrice is considering quitting. You can tell her that:

4. Dr. Newman spent three years in Botswana, participating in the daily life of a community there. She gathered extensive field notes, consisting of a mix of self reports from members of the community and her own observations Which research method did Dr newman most likely use in her research?

5. Carmen is prematurely delivering her baby at 28 weeks. the baby will probably

6. According to research on resilience, which of the following children has an increased chance of offsetting the impact of a stressful home life?

7. Dr. Kirk wants to study sibliing relationships at differing ages. Dr Kirk has children with one or more sibilings in grades 3, 6, 9 and 12 complete his questionnaire. This is an example of a __________ study

8. Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon's intelligence test was developed as a way to

9. According to Freud, the __________ is the conscious, rational part of personality

10. Infants born to teenagers have a higher rate of problems because

11. Mr and Mrs White are told that their son has the most common chromosomal disorder. The Whites' son has ________ syndrome

12. Which of the following children are least likely to participate in an available neighborhood organization?

13. The effects of teratogens

14. Jessica believes that development takes place in stages where children change rapidly as they step up to a new level and then changed very little for a while. Jessica views development as

15. The psycholanalytic perspective emphasizes

16. In a kinship study of intelligence, which of the following siblings pair will likely share a high correlation?

17. Jesse weighed 3.3 pounds when he was born. Research shows that he is at an increased risk of _______ in adulthood.

18. Immigrant parents of successful youths typically

19. Which of the following statements reflects a widely held opinion in the United States?

20. The harm done by teratogens

21. On a few occasions, Jack's mother gave him candy to keep him quiet when she took him to the doctor's ofice. Now everytime Jack goes to the doctor he asks his mother for candy. This is an example of

22. Sickle cell anemia

23. Angela and Tony's first child died in infancy. They badly want to have another child but are worried about angela's family history of genetic disorders. They want to find out if Angela is a carrier. Angela and Tony are candidates for

24. Nearly 30 percent of adolescent mothers

25. When John taught Albert, an 11 month old infant, to fear a neatral stimulus by presenting it several times with a sharp, loud sound. JOhn applied __________ to children's behavior

26. During her first prenatal visit, LaToya's doctor explains that the ________ prevent(s) the skin from chaping during the long months spent bathing in the amniotic fluid

27. Sustained musical experiences such as music lessons, can lead to

28. Valerie, 2 months pregnant wonders how food and oxygen are delivered to the developing organism. You should tell Valerie that the ________ performs this function

29. Sophie weighed 8.9 pounds when she was born. Research shows that she is at an increased risk of _________ in adulthood

30. The most consistent asset of resilient children is

31. Observations of imprinting led to which of the following major concerns in child development?

32. Dr. McMath is an evolutionary developmental psychologist. Which of the following is probably ture about Dr. McMath?

33. Dr. Brown observes behavior in a laboratory, where conditions are the same for all participants. This is an example of

34. Which of the following statements is true about only children?

35. The Nurse-Family Partnership is a

36. The period of the zygote lasts

37. According to Piaget's theory, in the sensorimotor stage, Children

38. An _________ perments influences about cause and effect.

39. Mr. and Mrs Sedgwick's child was diagnosed with Turner syndrome. Their child has a(n) _________ chromosome

40. Most adopted children

41. Development of language and make believe play take place in Piaget's _________ stage

42. Contemporary researchers view the family as

43. In one study, more active fetuses during the third trimester became 1 year olds who ___________ than those who were less active prenatally.

44. Which of the following seroius diseases is due to dominant alleles?

45. During the period of the fetus, the

46. During the third month of pregnancy

47. During the period of the fetus, the

48. Danica is a healthy 35 year old women who is pregnant with her first child. Danica is

49. Kali's face, hands and feet began to swell in the second half of her pregnancy. Kali's doctor began to monitor her blood pressure. The doctor was probably concerned about

50. The _______ secretes hormone that prepare the lining of the uterus to receive a fertilized ovum.

51. Which of the following is true about social learning theory?

52. Taylor's twenty-third pair of chromosomes is XY. Taylor

53. In the United States today, African American parents ______________ then Caucasian- American parents.

54. Extended family living is associated with

55. Which of the following statements is true about HIV and AIDS

56. In her research, Dr. Rosenblum explores why shy chidren develop differently from their outgoing agemates. Dr. R most likely emphasizes ___________ in her research

57. Dr. Kudrow views development as open to change in response to influential experiences. Dr. Kudrow probably emphasizes

58. Which of the following is a recessive trait?

59. Which of the following is true about surrogate motherhood?

60. Most conceptions result from intercourse during the

61. Directly observable characterisitcs are affected by an individual's lifelong history of experiences and also by the individual's

62. Jonelle can promote her grandchildren's development indirectly by

63. Marcus, a cooperative, attentive child, recieves more patient and sensitive interactions from his parents than they give Erica, his distractible, inattentive sister. This is an example of a(n) ____________ genetic-environmental correlation.

64. Charlene believes that her daughter's ability to think in complex ways is largely the result of an inborn timetable of growth. Charlene's view emphasizes

65. All contemporary child development theories view children as

66. A classroom environment based on Piaget's theory of cognitive development would likely emphasize

67. Parent-teacher contact is more frequent in

68. Which of the following is an example of behavior modification?

71. In the United States today, _______ percent of married couples bear children

72. Erik Erikson was one of the first theorists to

73. Fragile X Syndrome

74. The age of viability occurs sometime between _______ and _______ weeks

75. Which of the folllowing is a major cause of the dramatic rise in fraternial twinning in industrialized nations?

76. Which of the following statements about models of effective parenthood is true?

77. During the second trimester

78. ___________ halves the number of chromosomes normally present in body cells.

79. At home, Paul's parents hit him as punishment for misbehavior. At preschool, Paul angrily hits a playmate who takes his toy. According to social learning theory, Paul is displaying

74. The age of viability occurs sometime between _ and _ weeks