Characteristics Of Matter Quiz: Chemistry Trivia!

When water freezes, it undergoes a phase change from a liquid state to a solid state. The molecules in the water slow down and arrange themselves into a rigid structure, forming ice. This process is characterized by a decrease in temperature, causing the water molecules to lose energy and become tightly packed together, resulting in the solidification of water.

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The answer is "has mass and takes up space" because matter refers to anything that has mass and occupies space. This definition includes both solid objects and substances in various states such as liquids and gases. The other options mentioned in the question, such as having a fixed volume and weight or being able to be weighed on a balance, are characteristics of matter but do not encompass the complete definition.

Mixing chlorine gas and sodium to make salt is an example of a chemical change because it involves a reaction where the chlorine gas and sodium atoms combine to form a new substance, which is salt. Chemical changes involve the formation of new substances with different chemical properties from the original substances. In this case, the chlorine gas and sodium undergo a chemical reaction to produce salt, indicating a chemical change.

Melting an ice cube is an example of a physical change because it involves a change in the state of matter from solid to liquid, but the chemical composition of the ice remains the same. The molecules in the ice cube gain enough energy to break their rigid arrangement and move more freely, resulting in the formation of liquid water. This change can be reversed by cooling the water, indicating that it is a physical change rather than a chemical one.

Explosiveness is a chemical property that can only be determined through a chemical change, as it involves a substance undergoing a rapid chemical reaction, often releasing gases and energy. The other properties—melting point, color, and mass—are physical properties that can be observed or measured without changing the substance's chemical composition.

Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Smoke, water, and water vapour are all forms of matter because they consist of particles and have mass. Heat, on the other hand, is a form of energy, not matter. It does not have mass and does not occupy space, making it the correct answer as something that is not an example of matter.

Boiling is not a chemical change because it is a physical change. During boiling, a substance changes from a liquid to a gas due to the absorption of heat energy. However, the chemical composition of the substance remains the same. In contrast, reacting, tarnishing, and burning all involve a chemical reaction where the composition of the substance is altered.

In a chemical reaction, mass is conserved according to the law of conservation of mass. This means that the total mass of the reactants before the reaction is equal to the total mass of the products after the reaction. This is because atoms are neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction, they are simply rearranged. Therefore, the correct answer is that the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products.

A compound can only be separated into its components by chemical means because it is a substance made up of two or more elements that are chemically bonded together. The chemical bonds between the elements in a compound are strong, requiring a chemical reaction to break them and separate the components. In contrast, a mixture is a combination of substances that are physically mixed together, and can be separated into its components by physical means such as filtration or distillation.