Test Your Knowledge About Virus Structure And Replication!

1. Viruses require this for reproduction.

Tail fibers

A mate

Cell membrane

Host cell

Viruses require a host cell for reproduction because they are unable to replicate on their own. Once a virus enters a host cell, it hijacks the cellular machinery to produce more copies of itself. The host cell provides the necessary resources and machinery for the virus to replicate its genetic material and assemble new viral particles. Without a host cell, viruses cannot complete their life cycle and reproduce. Therefore, the correct answer is "host cell."

Explanation

Viruses require a host cell for reproduction because they are unable to replicate on their own. Once a virus enters a host cell, it hijacks the cellular machinery to produce more copies of itself. The host cell provides the necessary resources and machinery for the virus to replicate its genetic material and assemble new viral particles. Without a host cell, viruses cannot complete their life cycle and reproduce. Therefore, the correct answer is "host cell."

2. What is the outside, protein coat on a virus called?

Genetic material

Capsid

Envelope

Tail fibers

The outside, protein coat on a virus is called the capsid. The capsid is made up of protein subunits that protect the virus's genetic material. It provides structural support and helps the virus attach to host cells. The capsid can have various shapes, such as helical or icosahedral, depending on the type of virus.

Explanation

The outside, protein coat on a virus is called the capsid. The capsid is made up of protein subunits that protect the virus's genetic material. It provides structural support and helps the virus attach to host cells. The capsid can have various shapes, such as helical or icosahedral, depending on the type of virus.

3. Viruses are destroyed by antibiotics.

True

False

Antibiotics are designed to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria, not viruses. Viruses are different from bacteria in terms of structure and life cycle, so antibiotics are ineffective against them. Viral infections are typically treated with antiviral medications or other supportive measures, as antibiotics do not have any effect on viruses. Therefore, the statement "Viruses are destroyed by antibiotics" is false.

Explanation

Antibiotics are designed to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria, not viruses. Viruses are different from bacteria in terms of structure and life cycle, so antibiotics are ineffective against them. Viral infections are typically treated with antiviral medications or other supportive measures, as antibiotics do not have any effect on viruses. Therefore, the statement "Viruses are destroyed by antibiotics" is false.

4. Virulent viruses reproduce by

Mitosis

The lysogenic cycle

The lytic cycle

Binary fission

The lytic cycle is the correct answer because it is the process by which virulent viruses reproduce. In the lytic cycle, the virus infects a host cell, takes over the cell's machinery, and uses it to produce multiple copies of itself. Eventually, the host cell bursts open (lyses), releasing the newly formed viruses to infect other cells. This cycle allows the virus to rapidly replicate and spread throughout the host organism.

Explanation

The lytic cycle is the correct answer because it is the process by which virulent viruses reproduce. In the lytic cycle, the virus infects a host cell, takes over the cell's machinery, and uses it to produce multiple copies of itself. Eventually, the host cell bursts open (lyses), releasing the newly formed viruses to infect other cells. This cycle allows the virus to rapidly replicate and spread throughout the host organism.

5. Viral DNA that is incorporated into a host cell's chromosome is called a

Provirus

Plasmid

Party animal

Bacteriophage

A provirus is viral DNA that has been integrated into the host cell's chromosome. This integration allows the viral DNA to be replicated along with the host cell's DNA during cell division. The provirus remains dormant within the host cell until it is activated, at which point it can initiate the production of new viral particles. This term is commonly used to describe the DNA of retroviruses, such as HIV, which integrate into the host cell's genome.

Explanation

A provirus is viral DNA that has been integrated into the host cell's chromosome. This integration allows the viral DNA to be replicated along with the host cell's DNA during cell division. The provirus remains dormant within the host cell until it is activated, at which point it can initiate the production of new viral particles. This term is commonly used to describe the DNA of retroviruses, such as HIV, which integrate into the host cell's genome.