Chapter 22 Online Study Guide

Strawberries are not a result of bat pollination. While bats play a crucial role in pollinating many fruits, such as bananas, figs, dates, and mangos, strawberries are primarily pollinated by insects, such as bees. Therefore, strawberries do not rely on bats for their pollination process.

According to a joint study conducted by several scientific groups in 2000, approximately 25% of the world's amphibians are threatened with extinction. This means that a significant portion of amphibian species are at risk of disappearing from the planet. The study highlights the urgent need for conservation efforts to protect these vulnerable creatures and their habitats.

Effective management plans for wildlife conservation are based on multiple principles. One principle is ecological succession, which refers to the predictable changes in species composition and community structure over time. Another principle is wildlife population dynamics, which involves studying the fluctuations in population size and understanding factors that influence population growth or decline. Additionally, management plans consider the habitat needs of each species, including cover, food, water, and space. Lastly, the principle of maximum sustained yield ensures that the harvest of individuals does not exceed the population's reproductive capacity. Therefore, all of these principles are used in creating effective management plans.

The name "stool pigeon" came from sewing the eyes of a passenger pigeon shut and tying it to a perch.

The correct answer is USFWS. The USFWS, or the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, is responsible for listing species as endangered and/or threatened. This agency focuses on the conservation and management of fish, wildlife, and plants, and their decisions are based on biology rather than economic or political reasons. Unlike rich politicians, the USFWS has the expertise and knowledge about animals and plants to make informed decisions regarding endangered species.

The disappearance of horned lizards from Fort Worth would best be described as a local extinction. This means that the species is no longer present in a specific area, in this case, Fort Worth. It does not imply that the species is extinct globally or everywhere else, but only within the local region.

The correct answer is 25-30 million. The question asks about the population of white-tailed deer in the United States in the year 2000. The answer choice 25-30 million indicates that the population of white-tailed deer in the United States had grown significantly from 500,000 in 1900 to a range of 25-30 million in 2000.

A bequest refers to the act of leaving something, usually property or money, to someone in a will. In the context of biodiversity, a bequest does not directly contribute to the utilitarian value of biodiversity, which is focused on the practical benefits it provides to humans such as goods, information, option, and recreation. Instead, a bequest represents a non-utilitarian value as it relates to the desire to preserve biodiversity for future generations or for its intrinsic value, rather than for any immediate practical benefits.

The correct answer is 450 years ago. The passage mentions that domesticated pigs arrived in the U.S. and eventually became feral pigs. Since the passage does not provide an exact time frame, we can infer that it was approximately 450 years ago based on the options given.

Moderate environmental disturbances do not decrease biodiversity because they can actually promote it. These disturbances create opportunities for new species to colonize and thrive in the changed environment. They can also prevent dominant species from monopolizing resources, allowing a greater variety of species to coexist. Additionally, moderate disturbances can create diverse habitats with a range of microclimates, providing niches for different species to inhabit. Therefore, moderate environmental disturbances can enhance biodiversity rather than decrease it.

The Lacey Act is the correct answer because it is a U.S. federal law that prohibits the trade of wildlife, fish, and plants that have been illegally taken, possessed, transported, or sold. The act aims to protect both domestic and foreign species, including endangered animals like the California Condor. Carrying a feather of the endangered condor from one state to another without proper authorization would be a violation of the Lacey Act.

Invasive species are expected to pose the greatest threat to freshwater ecosystems, especially lakes. These species, which are non-native and introduced into an ecosystem, can outcompete native species for resources and disrupt the balance of the ecosystem. They can cause significant damage to the habitat, alter the food chain, and reduce biodiversity. Invasive species can reproduce rapidly and spread quickly, making it difficult to control their population and mitigate their impact on freshwater ecosystems.

The smallmouth salamander is not an endangered or threatened species shown in figure 22-7. This means that the other species mentioned in the question - the humpback whale, hawksbill sea turtle, Kirtland's warblers, and gray wolf - are all endangered or threatened.