Building Systems 3 Final Review

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13. A key design strategy for passive cooling and to reduce cooling loads on active HVAC systems is

To shade windows from solar heat gain

To shade windows from solar heat lose

To open windows to solar heat gain

14. The altitude of the sun is highest in

Summer

Winter

Spring

Fall

15. Thermal classification of materials can be placed into 2 types

Insulators and conductors

Insulators and exsulators

Conductors and envelopes

16. Heat flows are of 2 types

Sensible and latent heat

Sensible and low heat

Latent and stupid heat

17. Some symptoms of irritants

Burning of eyes, sneezing, coughing, dry nose and throat, sore throat and tightening of the chest

Shining of eyes, sneezing, coughing, dry nose and throat, sore throat and tightening of the chest

Burning of eyes, sneezing, laughing, dry nose and throat, sore throat and tightening of the chest

Burning of eyes, sneezing, need to use bathroom, excessive gas, sore throat and tightening of the chest

18. What does IAQ stand for

Indoor adhesive quality

Indoor air quality

Interior air quality

Interior air quantity

19. What toxic particulate substance was used up until the 1970's

Plastic

Asbestos

Hair insulation

Carbon fiber

20. Heat flows from areas of

Greater concentration to areas of less concentration

Less concentration to areas of greater concentration

Greater concentration to areas of equal concentration

21. New and newly renovated buildings are prone to problems from outgassing of

Paints

Adhesive and sealants

Carpeting and vinyl wall coverings

All of the previous

22. Radon when inhaled can cause

Kidney failure

Lung cancer

Gum diseases

23. Envelope-dominated buildings have a

Large surface-to-volume ratio

Small surface-to-volume ratio

Large internal heat gains

24. Irritants are often imperceptible at first but cause increasing distress

Over time

In a day

In an hour

Over months

Over years

there is no set time that irritants can be perceptible to the people in the building

Explanation

there is no set time that irritants can be perceptible to the people in the building

25. For _______ -facing windows, in the summer and due to high sun altitude the most effective shading device is the horizontal overhang.

North

South

East

West

26. Symptoms associated with poor indoor air quality are often

Headaches

Irritation of the eyes and upper respiratory system

All of the previous

27. The altitude angle is

The angle between the horizon and the sun's position above the horizon

The angle along the horizon between the projected position of the sun and the solar south

The angle between the horizon and true south

28. Sensible heat is

Results in a change in temp

Results in a change in moisture content of the air

Results in a change of the heat loss of a structure

29. Direct solar gain through east- and west-facing windows can be a great

Heat gain liability and can produce thermal and visual discomfort

Heat loss liability and can produce thermal and visual pleasure

Heat gain liability and can produce thermal and visual pleasure

Heat loss liability and can produce thermal and visual discomfort

30. The most rational IAQ strategy is to

Choose materials and equipment with care and isolate pollutants

Increase outdoor air flow rates

Provide for filtering of fresh air

31. For south facing windows the most effective shading device is

The horizontal overhang

Vertical fins

Either a horizontal overhang or vertical fins

32. Biological contaminants are

Contaminants that can biologically grow over time and cause more damage

Contaminants that can evaporate into the air

Contaminants that cause an odor in the air that encourages the flow of air

33. Sunpath projections can be used to

Assess site conditions and orient a building

Provide information critical for passive solar design

Do all of the previous

34. The reciprocal of the thermal conductance (C) is known as

The R-value or Thermal Resistance

The U-factor

The Thermal conductivity

35. Latent heat is

Results in a change in temp.

Results in a change in moisture content of the air

Results in a change in heat lose of a structure

36. In early design stages, it is advisable to orient spaces to face

North or south

East or west

East

37. Insulators are broken into 3 different groups

Organic, inorganic, metallic(metalized)

Organic, inorganic, steel

Natural, inorganic, metallic(metalized)

38. Ventilation rates are calculated by

Occupancy of a building

Square footage of building

Envelope type

Both occupancy and square footage of building

39. Thermal Capacity is

An indicator of the ability of a material to store heat

The thermal resistance of a material

40. Most irritants are in the form of

Particles

Gas

Liquids

Solids

Particles or gases

41. From an energy point of view buildings can be divided into 2 types

Envelope- internally- dominated

Envelope and dominated

Envelope- externally- dominated

42. A layer of metal foil or aluminum foil within or on either side of the airspace can eliminate most of

Conductive transfer

Radiative transfer

Convectional transfers

43. A sunpeg chart

44. Internally dominated buildings have a

Large surface-area-to-volume ratio

Small surface-area-to-volume ratio

Modest internal heat gains

45. Estimated numbers of air changes per hour (ACH) are function of

Construction type

Climate

Bother construction type and climate

46. Often a simple measurement is used as a first indicator of potential IAQ problems related to occupancy. This is

A measurement of carbon dioxide (CO2)

A measurement of radon

A measurement of formaldehyde

47. The overheated period of the year is a function of

Climate

Building type

Both climate and building type

48. The best resistor of heat flow in buildings is

A layer of still air

Water

Masonry

49. Radon is

A toxic gas that causes color blindness

A random gas that brings odor and biological contaminants to the area

A radioactive gas that decays rapidly

50. One of the most immediate indicators of IAQ problems is

Effects

Odor

Irritants

Noise

Contaminants

51. Estimated numbers of air changes per hour (ACH)

Can be converted to airflow rate

Cannot be converted to airflow rate

Are equivalent to airflow rates

52. According to a rule of thumb, areas that have long cold winters have more than

5,500 HDDs per year

4,000 HDDs per year

2,000 HDDs per year

53. Volatile organic compounds or (VOCs) are

Chemicals containing carbon molecules that are volatile or evaporate from material surfaces at room temperature

Hydrofluorocarbons, formaldehyde and hydrocarbons that are found frequently in new buildings

Irritants connected to pesticides

54. The daily maximum altitude of the sun

Decreases as a location approaches the equator

Increases as a location approaches the equator

Is not related to the distance between the location and the equator

55. In the early design stages, orient spaces to face __________ to avoid the east/west sun's low angle

North or south

East or west

North

South

East and north

56. The overheated period of the year starts when the BPT of a building increases

10 degrees Fahrenheit

15 degrees Fahrenheit

20 degrees Fahrenheit

25 degrees Fahrenheit

30 degrees Fahrenheit

57. Envelope-dominated buildings are

Very much affected by the climate

Have large surface-area-to-volume ratio

Have modest internal heat sources

All the answer

58. Conductors are

Dense, durable, and diffuse heat rapidly

Dense, durable, and compact heat rapidly

Open, durable, and diffuse heat rapidly

59. On east and west facing windows a horizontal overhang is effective when

The sun is at high positions in the sky

The sun is at lows altitude angles

The sun is at high positions in the sky or at low altitude angles

60. Operable shading devices are useful because

They respond to daily and seasonal variations in solar and weather patterns.

They respond to daily and hourly variations in solar and weather patterns

They respond to daily and seasonal variation in cooling and heat patterns

61. The decipol is a unit of

Perceived air quality

Outdoor air quality

Air flow through envelope

62. The U-factor is

An overall property that expresses the rate at which heat exits through a building envelope assembly

An overall property that expresses the rate at which heat is loss through a building envelope assembly

An overall property that expresses the rate at which heat transfers through a building envelope assembly

An overall property that expresses the rate at which heat flows through a building envelope assembly

63. Many building codes require a minimum outdoor air flow rate based upon

Building occupation

Floor area

Either building occupation or floor area

64. Internally dominated buildings have

A small surface-area-to-volume ratio

Large internal heat gains from machines, lights, people, etc.

A large surface-area-to-volume ratio

A small surface-area-to-volume ratio and large internal heat gains from machines, lights, people, etc.

65. The azimuth angle is

The angle between the horizon and the sun's position above the horizon

The angle along the horizon between the projected position of the sun and the solar south

The angle between the horizon and true south

66. The Pilkington calculator diagrams are based on

The horizontal or equidistant sunpath projections

The vertical sunpath projections

The sunpeg charts

67. The olf is a unit of

Operable living fenestration

Occupancy

Pollution

68. The comfort zone is generally from

50 to 70 degrees Fahrenheit

58 to 78 degrees Fahrenheit

65 to 85 degrees Fahrenheit

68 to 78 degrees Fahrenheit

69. It is important but less important than shading glazing to

Shade the opaque envelope

Shade the dominate envelope

Shade the transparent envelope

70. Horizontal movable fins are very effective at blocking low sun angles from

North and south

West

East and west

South

71. Specific heat is

An indicator of the ability of a material to store heat

The thermal resistance of material

72. South orientation receives

More sun in the winter and less sun in the summer than any other orientation

More sun in the winter and in the summer than any other orientation

Less sun in the winter and more sun in the summer than any other orientation

73. The Balance Point Temperature (BPT) is

The outdoor temperature below which heating is required

The outdoor temperature above which cooling is required

The optimal indoor temperature

74. Eggcrate shading devices are

Combination of overhangs and movable fins

Combination of overhangs and vertical fins

Combination of horizontal and vertical fins

75. In order to consider heat loss by air movement, calculation methods

Assume only one condition: infiltration or ventilation

Add heat losses from infiltration and ventilation

Consider only heat loss by ventilation and the effect of infiltration is ignored

76. The BPT for internally dominated bulidings is

60 degrees Fahrenheit

70 degrees Fahrenheit

65 degrees Fahrenheit

80 degrees Fahrenheit

77. _________-facing windows receive direct solar radiation in the summer in the early morning and near sunset when the sun's altitude is very low

North

South

East

West

78. The BPT for envelope-dominated buildings is

65 degrees Fahrenheit

50 degrees Fahrenheit

55 degrees Fahrenheit

70 degrees Fahrenheit

79. On the ___________-facing windows a horizontal overhang is effective when the sun is at high positions in teh sky but not at low altitude angles

North and south

East and west

North

South

North and east

80. Sick Building Syndrome symptoms are

Headaches

Upper respiratory irritation

Irritation of the ears

Headaches and upper respiratory irritation

All of the answers

81. Thermal Conductance (C) is

82. Thermal Resistance is

Directly proportional to the density of the material

Inversely proportional to the density of the material

Is not related to the density of the material

83. Indoor air pollution can be described both in terms of the types of

Contaminants and odors

Effects and contaminants

Effects and liquids

Contaminants and irritants

Building Systems 3 Final Review

1. The initials CDDs stand for

2.

What first name or nickname would you like us to use?

2. What does VOC stand for

3. Designing tighter building envelopes in the 1970's helped conserve energy but also resulted in decreased air leakagfe leading to indoor air quality concerns and the syndrome known as

4. Wall U-factors are somewhat complicated by framing members interrupting insulation. This is known as

6. The difference in temperature through a cross-section of a construction assembly is known as

7. The initials HDDs stand for

8. Shading devices made of a combination overhangs and vertical fins are called

9. In the Imperial System, airflow rate is measured generally using this unit

10. Name a form of insulation

11. The azimuth angle is also called the

12. What are natural shading devices

13. A key design strategy for passive cooling and to reduce cooling loads on active HVAC systems is

14. The altitude of the sun is highest in

15. Thermal classification of materials can be placed into 2 types

16. Heat flows are of 2 types

17. Some symptoms of irritants

18. What does IAQ stand for

19. What toxic particulate substance was used up until the 1970's

20. Heat flows from areas of

21. New and newly renovated buildings are prone to problems from outgassing of

22. Radon when inhaled can cause

23. Envelope-dominated buildings have a

24. Irritants are often imperceptible at first but cause increasing distress

25. For _______ -facing windows, in the summer and due to high sun altitude the most effective shading device is the horizontal overhang.

26. Symptoms associated with poor indoor air quality are often

27. The altitude angle is

28. Sensible heat is

29. Direct solar gain through east- and west-facing windows can be a great

30. The most rational IAQ strategy is to

31. For south facing windows the most effective shading device is

32. Biological contaminants are

33. Sunpath projections can be used to

34. The reciprocal of the thermal conductance (C) is known as

35. Latent heat is

36. In early design stages, it is advisable to orient spaces to face

37. Insulators are broken into 3 different groups

38. Ventilation rates are calculated by

39. Thermal Capacity is

40. Most irritants are in the form of

41. From an energy point of view buildings can be divided into 2 types

42. A layer of metal foil or aluminum foil within or on either side of the airspace can eliminate most of

43. A sunpeg chart

44. Internally dominated buildings have a

45. Estimated numbers of air changes per hour (ACH) are function of

46. Often a simple measurement is used as a first indicator of potential IAQ problems related to occupancy. This is

47. The overheated period of the year is a function of

48. The best resistor of heat flow in buildings is

49. Radon is

50. One of the most immediate indicators of IAQ problems is

51. Estimated numbers of air changes per hour (ACH)

52. According to a rule of thumb, areas that have long cold winters have more than

53. Volatile organic compounds or (VOCs) are

54. The daily maximum altitude of the sun

55. In the early design stages, orient spaces to face __________ to avoid the east/west sun's low angle

56. The overheated period of the year starts when the BPT of a building increases

57. Envelope-dominated buildings are

58. Conductors are

59. On east and west facing windows a horizontal overhang is effective when

60. Operable shading devices are useful because

61. The decipol is a unit of

62. The U-factor is

63. Many building codes require a minimum outdoor air flow rate based upon

64. Internally dominated buildings have

65. The azimuth angle is

66. The Pilkington calculator diagrams are based on

67. The olf is a unit of

68. The comfort zone is generally from

69. It is important but less important than shading glazing to

70. Horizontal movable fins are very effective at blocking low sun angles from

71. Specific heat is

72. South orientation receives

73. The Balance Point Temperature (BPT) is

74. Eggcrate shading devices are

75. In order to consider heat loss by air movement, calculation methods

76. The BPT for internally dominated bulidings is

77. _________-facing windows receive direct solar radiation in the summer in the early morning and near sunset when the sun's altitude is very low

78. The BPT for envelope-dominated buildings is