Block 6 Renal Physiology Part 3

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Block 6 Renal Physiology Part 3 - Quiz

Questions and Answers
  • 1. 
    Px= 5mg/ml                 Ux= 50mg/ml Pglu= 4mg/ml             Uglu= 65 mg/ml Pin=2mg/ml                Uin=120 mg/ml V= 2ml/min The filtered load of glucose is
    • A. 

      A. 0ml/min

    • B. 

      B. 32.5 ml/min

    • C. 

      C. 120 ml/min

    • D. 

      D. 480 mg/min

    • E. 

      E. 600 mg/min

  • 2. 
    Px= 5mg/ml                 Ux= 50mg/ml Pglu= 4mg/ml             Uglu= 65 mg/ml Pin=2mg/ml                Uin=120 mg/ml V= 2ml/min 500 mg/min is the rate at which Solute X is
    • A. 

      A. Filtered

    • B. 

      B. Reabsorbed

    • C. 

      C. Secreted

    • D. 

      D. Excreted

    • E. 

      E. Cleared

  • 3. 
    Px= 5mg/ml                 Ux= 50mg/ml Pglu= 4mg/ml             Uglu= 65 mg/ml Pin=2mg/ml                Uin=120 mg/ml V= 2ml/min The excretion rate for inulin is
    • A. 

      A. The same as its filtration rate

    • B. 

      B. 100 mg/min

    • C. 

      C. 130 mg/min

    • D. 

      D. 120 ml/min

    • E. 

      E. 240 mg/min

  • 4. 
    The normal range for this value is 280-295 mOsm/L
    • A. 

      The concentration of ADH in the plasma

    • B. 

      Urine flow rate

    • C. 

      Plasma osmolality

    • D. 

      Free water clearance

    • E. 

      The clearance of Na+

  • 5. 
    A typical value for a well-nourished and well-hydrated person is 1 L/day
    • A. 

      The concentration of ADH in the plasma

    • B. 

      Urine flow rate

    • C. 

      Plasma osmolality

    • D. 

      Free water clearance

    • E. 

      The clearance of Na+

  • 6. 
    The value that distinguishes SIADH from dehydration
    • A. 

      The concentration of ADH in the plasma

    • B. 

      Urine flow rate

    • C. 

      Plasma osmolality

    • D. 

      Free water clearance

    • E. 

      The clearance of Na+

  • 7. 
    The value that distinguishes central diabetes insipidus from nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
    • A. 

      The concentration of ADH in the plasma

    • B. 

      Urine flow rate

    • C. 

      Plasma osmolality

    • D. 

      Free water clearance

    • E. 

      The clearance of Na+

  • 8. 
    The increase in peritubular capillary reabsorption that accompanies volume depletion is NOT due to
    • A. 

      A. glomerulotubular balance

    • B. 

      B. increased filtration fraction

    • C. 

      C. increased peritubular capillary plasma oncotic pressure

    • D. 

      D. an increase in angiotensin II

    • E. 

      E. decreased peritubular capillary pressure

  • 9. 
    H+/K+ ATPase is found in the parietal cells of the stomach and in the
    • A. 

      A. proximal tubule epithelium

    • B. 

      B. thick ascending limb epithelium

    • C. 

      C. thin loop of Henle epithelium

    • D. 

      D. alpha-intercalated cells

    • E. 

      E. principal cells

  • 10. 
    Potassium loss in the urine is increased by
    • A. 

      An increase in intracellular [K+]

    • B. 

      An increase in the activity of the electrogenic H+ pump in intercalated cells

    • C. 

      A decrease in the electrical potential difference across the collecting duct epithelium

    • D. 

      A decrease in the GFR

    • E. 

      Decreased Na+ reabsorption by principal cells

  • 11. 
    ADH
    • A. 

      A. is secreted from neurons in the anterior pituitary

    • B. 

      B. secretion is increased by a decrease in plasma osmolarity

    • C. 

      C. secretion is stimulated by decrease in venous return

    • D. 

      D. binds to receptors on the apical membrane of intercalated cells

    • E. 

      E. mediates water reabsorption in the kidneys via V1 receptor

  • 12. 
    With a loss of blood volume there is both a reduction in GFR and an increase in the reabsorption through the peritubular capillary. The rapid reduction in GFR following volume depletion is primarily due to
    • A. 

      A. tubuloglomerular balance

    • B. 

      B. sympathetic afferent arteriolar vasoconstriction

    • C. 

      C. sympathetic efferent arteriolar vasoconstriction

    • D. 

      D. the drop in systemic arterial pressure

    • E. 

      E. an increase in plasma oncotic pressure

  • 13. 
    A healthy young man weighs 80 kg. His ECW measures
    • A. 

      A. 4 L.

    • B. 

      B. 16 L.

    • C. 

      C. 24 L.

    • D. 

      D. 32 L.

    • E. 

      E. 48 L.

  • 14. 
    When circulating levels of ADH are high, which segment of the nephron has the lowest permeability to H2O?
    • A. 

      A. Proximal tubule

    • B. 

      B. Descending limb of the loop of Henle.

    • C. 

      C. Thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle.

    • D. 

      D. Late distal tubule.

    • E. 

      E. Inner medullary collecting duct

  • 15. 
    Which solute is NOT transported by the symporter in the thick ascending limb?
    • A. 

      A. Na+.

    • B. 

      B. K+.

    • C. 

      C. NH4+

    • D. 

      D. Urea.

    • E. 

      E. Cl- .

  • 16. 
    Which one of the components of the plasma listed below is NOT freely filtered?
    • A. 

      A. Urea

    • B. 

      B. Hemoglobin

    • C. 

      C. Creatinine

    • D. 

      D. Glucose

    • E. 

      E. Water

  • 17. 
    The cells of the inner wall of Bowman’s capsule that share a basal lamina with the endothelial cells of glomerular capillaries are called
    • A. 

      A. Juxtaglomerular cells.

    • B. 

      B. Macula densa cells

    • C. 

      C. Podocytes

    • D. 

      D. Intercalated cells.

    • E. 

      E. Mesangial cells.

  • 18. 
    A kidney stone partially obstructs the ureter of a young man. Which of the following will change as compared to normal?
    • A. 

      A. Pgc

    • B. 

      B. Pt

    • C. 

      C. πgc

    • D. 

      D. πt

    • E. 

      E. Kf

  • 19. 
    Which of the following would NOT be observed in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus?
    • A. 

      A. Dehydration

    • B. 

      B. Positive glucose clearance

    • C. 

      C. Osmotic diuresis

    • D. 

      D. Hypokalemia

    • E. 

      E. Hyperglycemia

  • 20. 
    Aldosterone secretion from the adrenal cortex is stimulated by
    • A. 

      A. Hypokalemia

    • B. 

      B. ANP

    • C. 

      C. Hypervolemia

    • D. 

      D. Angiotensin II.

    • E. 

      E. Hyperchloremia

  • 21. 
    After ingestion of 2 L of water in a 5 minute period, which one of the following occurs?
    • A. 

      A. Thirst

    • B. 

      B. Increased Posm

    • C. 

      C. Decreased ADH secretion.

    • D. 

      D. Decreased RPF.

    • E. 

      E. Decreased free water clearance.

  • 22. 
    The plasma concentration of protein Z is 5 mg/ml. Its filterability quotient is 0.2. GFR is 100 ml/min. What is the filtered load of protein Z?
    • A. 

      A. 100 ml/min

    • B. 

      B. 500 ml/min.

    • C. 

      C. 1 L/min.

    • D. 

      D. 100 mg/min

    • E. 

      E. 500 mg/min

  • 23. 
    Which of the following is NOT a step in counter-current multiplication?
    • A. 

      Energy-dependent reabsorption of solute from the tubular fluid of the thick ascending limb.

    • B. 

      Equilibration of the osmolarity of the medullary interstitium and the tubular fluid in the descending limb.

    • C. 

      Slow flow of tubular fluid.

    • D. 

      Reabsorption of water from the tubular fluid of the descending limb.

    • E. 

      Reabsorption of solute and water from the tubular fluid of the proximal tubule.

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