Block 5 Anatomy Wk 5 From Ta's W/Exp

The cricothyroid muscle is innervated by the external laryngeal nerve. Therefore, if this nerve is accidentally severed during neck surgery, it would result in damage to the external laryngeal nerve.

All the intrinsic muscles of the larynx are innervated by the recurrent branch of the laryngeal nerve (from CN X) except for cricothyroid which is innervated by the external laryngeal nerve, a branch off of the superior laryngeal nerve (also from CN X). The function of the cricothryoid is to tense the vocal cords, thus elevating the pitch of the voice, so if its nerve supply is compromised, the patient will present with a decreased pitch of their voice. The muscle whose function it is to lower the pitch of the voice is the vocalis muscle.

The space in which you insert a Mac blade is the Vallecula, more importantly for examination purposes is the relationship of this groove to the tongue and the epiglottis. Note however, if this procedure was done with a Miller blade, the tip of the blade would actually overlap the epiglottis and make its way toward the vestibule of the larynx. The ventricles of the larynx would be below the false vocal cords. The choana is the point of distinction between the oro- and naso-pharynx. The pirifom recess is the area were (highyield phrase) "a chicken bone will get stuck" during a swallow.
Sorry for the long winded question, but the intubation procedure is one that you will eventually need to know how to perform, so you’re best off understanding some of the anatomy behind it. Note: there are additional steps following the insertion of an ET tube. Read up on it and go save a life!

hyperacusis

Although the locations and relationships stated for each of the other nerves is correct, none of these supply sensation to beneath the vocal ligament other than the recurrent laryngeal nerves. You already realized that clipping these would not allow for your friend to abduct his vocal cords using the posterior crico-arytenoids.

In order to place an emergency, invasive airway after accidentally stabbing Paul and causing his throat to swell, I would cut superficial to the cricothyroid membrane. This is the correct answer because the cricothyroid membrane is located between the cricoid cartilage and the thyroid cartilage in the larynx. By cutting superficial to this membrane, I would be able to access the airway and provide the necessary emergency intervention.

lingual nerve is crossed by Wharton’s (submandibular) duct. At this point it’s carrying both GSA and SVA to anterior 2/3 of tongue. Keep in mind that Marginal Mandibular branch of CN VII, and hypoglossal nerve are also at risk, but don’t provide cutaneous sensation.

The posterior cricoarytenoid muscle is responsible for the abduction of the vocal cords. When the 6-year-old male forcibly expels sputum, he needs to open his vocal cords to allow the air to pass through the glottis. The posterior cricoarytenoid muscle contracts to pull the arytenoid cartilages away from the midline, resulting in the abduction of the vocal cords. This action allows for the forceful expulsion of sputum during coughing.

it runs with the external branch of laryngeal nerve for a little ways.

You learn about them separately, but they all have the same origin.

pain and temperature of anterior 2/3 is V.3.

Stensen’s (Parotid) duct opens in buccal mucosa near 2nd upper molar, Wharton’s (Submandibular) duct opens in caruncle of lingual frenulum, Sublingual ducts open along sublingual fold.

runs over the promontory of the medial wall

The coin is in the ventricle and the pen is in the infraglottic space. Although rare that a coin would make its way into the ventricle past the vestibular folds, the question stem stated the location. Remember that the vocal ligament runs from the vocal processes on the arytenoid to the inside of the thyroid cartilage. This would mean that the cricothyroid ligament should allow insertion beneath the vocal fold- infraglottic space.

When you give a paralytic like Succinyl Choline, you better be ready to intubate. Genioglossus holds the tongue forward, so when the patient’s supine, the tongue can slide to the back of the throat and occlude the airway.

tip-B/L submental LNs, Medial body-B/L Inferior Deep Cervical LNs, Lateral Body-I/L submandibular LNs, Base-B/L Superior Deep Cervical Lns.

1st pharyngeal arch. Note that stapes originates from 2nd arch hence stapedius muscle is innervated by CN VII.

Keep in mind, the Lingual Nerve and Hypoglossal Nerve start rostral and loop down to the area of the submandibular (Wharton’s) duct. Since the surgery is on Wharton’s Duct, that is the area in question

Nasopalatine nerve innervates the maxillary incisors and canines, whereas the greater and lesser palatine nerves innervate the hard and soft palate respectively

The correct answer is Glossopharyngeal. The glossopharyngeal nerve is responsible for providing general somatic afferent innervation to the tympanic cavity. This nerve carries sensory information from the middle ear to the brain, allowing us to perceive sounds and maintain balance. The trigeminal nerve supplies innervation to the face, the facial nerve controls facial muscles, the vagus nerve innervates various organs in the body, and the vestibulocochlear nerve is responsible for hearing and balance.

The floor is also called the jugular fossa for that reason. Please note that your TAs do not condone the use of illicit drugs.

Thyroid Ima artery in ~10% of population usually arises from brachiocephalic trunk and travels midline toward isthmus of thyroid gland

formed from tympanic plexus

The root of the tongue drains bilaterally to the Superior Deep Cervical Lymph Nodes, and according to MDA textbook, the medial portions of the tongue body and root drain contralaterally. Therefore your infection would progress from the left surface to the right LN. Virchow's Node is associated with abdominal drainage and specially Gastric Adenocarcinoma.