Bio 223 Lecture 03

1. The body needs oxygen, water, and nutrients in order to do the following:

Form new body components

Provide energy

Assist in physiological functions/processes

All of the above

2. The preferred form of sugar for the body

Polysaccharides

Glucose

Monosaccharides

Triglyceride

3. Which of the following fatty acids does your body need, but doesn't make?

Omega-3 and Omega-6

Omega-4 and Omega-6

Omega-18 and Omega-6

Omega-3 and Omega-5

4. Where are excess lipids stored?

Muscles and bones

Liver

Muscles and liver

Adipose tissue

5. The three stages of cellular respiration in order:

Glycolysis, Electron Transport Chain, Kreb’s Cycle

Electron Transport Chain, Kreb’s Cycle, Glycolysis

Glycolysis, Kreb’s Cycle, Electron Transport Chain

Kreb’s cycle, Glycolysis, Electron Transport Chain

6. Proteins are made up of how many amino acids?

20

16

4

3

7. This basic carbohydrate cannot be broken into smaller compounds

Monosaccharides

Glucose

Polysaccharides

Triglycerides

8. In the gall bladder, passage to the common bile duct occurs via

The hepatic duct

Pancreatic duct

The cystic duct

Right gastric duct

9. How are large surpluses of amino acids lost?

Through sweat

Through energy

In our urine

When we breathe out

10. Which of the following are fat soluble vitamins?

A, D, C, K

B, C, D, K

Folic acid and Biotin

A, D, E, K

11. Which of the following occur in the liver?

Bile secretion and detoxification

Secretion of pancreatic enzymes

Most of the absorption of nutrients and water

The breakdown of starches

12. What percent of absorption of nutrients and water takes place in the small intestine?

90%

50%

80%

40%

13. The esophageal phase:

Begins as the contraction of pharyngeal muscles forces the bolts through the entrance to the esophagus

Where the chemical digestion of food takes place

Where the mechanical digestion of food takes place

Is innervated by cranial nerve V3

14. Your jejunum is _; your ileum is_

8 feet; 11-12 feet

12 feet; 8 feet

4 feet; 8 feet

8 feet; 4 feet

15. Th inner surface of the stomach is derived from what embryonic germ layer?

Ectoderm

Endoderm

Mesoderm

Neural crest

16. What is the internal region of the stomach that is the most direct path between cardiac and pyloric sphincters? This region also allows passage of water into the small intestine.

Cardiac canal

Parietal canal

Pyloric canal

Gastric canal

17. Bile generated by the liver is needed:

At all times

Only when food passes

It’s never needed

18. What is the last step in defecation (elimination)?

Coelom becomes pressurized

Internal anal sphincter relaxes

External sphincter relaxes

Peristaltic waves pass through sigmoid colon

19. Requires specialized protein carrier

B-12

B-4

Omega-3

Omega-6

20. Which of the following chief digestive enzymes chemically digests proteins?

Parietal cells

Lactase

Pepsin

Glucose

21. The lining of your esophagus is:

Skeletal muscle

Smooth muscle

Striated muscle (not smooth)

Cardiac muscle

22. Which organ can convert excess amino acids into triglycerides?

Pancreas

Spleen

Stomach

Liver

23. All of the following are pancreatic proteolytic enzymes, EXCEPT:

Trypsin

Chymotrypsin

Carboxypeptidase

Alpha-amylase

24. All of the following takes place in the stomach, EXCEPT:

Storage

Movements are innervated by Vagus Nerve (X)

Mechanical breakdown of food before it moves to small intestine

Most of the absorption of nutrients and water

25. Which of the following lipids is the most abundant?

Triglycerides

Polysaccharides

Steroids

Phospholipids

26. Where is the surplus glucose that is converted to glycogen stored?

Liver and pancreas

Muscles and bones

Liver and small intestine

Liver and muscles

27. Which of the following are water soluble vitamins?

Pantothenic acid, folic acid, biotin

B, C, E, K

A, D, E, K

B, C, K, Biotin

28. In order for lipids to processs, ____ is absorbed across villi

Micelle

Chylomicrons

Calcium

Proteins

29. Vitamins provide energy to the body

True

False

30. All of the following are microminerals, EXCEPT:

Iodine

Chlorine

Cobalt

Zinc

31. To a certain degree, all of the following take place in the mouth, EXCEPT:

Mechanical digestion

Chemical digestion

Absorption

Enzymatic digestion

32. All of the following are macrominerals, EXCEPT:

Calcium

Phosphorus

Iron

Sulfur

33. Circularly arranged bands of smooth muscle can constrict small intestine to point of occlusion. Functions to break up chyme, keeping it loose and mushy.

Peristaltic

Emulsification

Segmenting contractions

Protein digestion

34. Secrete hormones that regulate tomach functions such as peristalsis, other secretions, etc.

Entroendocrine cells

Gastrin

Zymogenic cells

Mucous

35. E. coli can synthesize vitamins

K and D

B and C

B12 and D

K and B12

36. How are proteins absorbed in the small intestine?

Through microvili of villi

Through the endoplasmic reticulum

By neutralizing our stomach acid

Through columnar-shaped absorptive cells on the villi

37. In the exocrine pancreas, acinar cells _ and duct cells ___

Secrete bicarbonate-rich fluid; secrete enzymes

Secrete hormones; secrete enzymes

Secrete enzymes; secrete hormones

Secrete enzymes; secrete bicarbonate-rich fluid

38. All of the following are excreted through our urine, EXCEPT:

Excess Minerals

Excess Water Soluble Vitamins

Excess Amino acids

Hormones

39. Match the following

Plicae Circulares

Villi

Intestinal glands

Submit

40. Match the following

Liver

Adipose tissue

Skeletal muscle

Neural tissue

Submit

41. Match the following

Catabolism

Anabolism

Metabolism

Submit

Bio 223 Lecture 03

1. The body needs oxygen, water, and nutrients in order to do the following:

2.

What first name or nickname would you like us to use?

2. The preferred form of sugar for the body

3. Which of the following fatty acids does your body need, but doesn't make?

4. Where are excess lipids stored?

5. The three stages of cellular respiration in order:

6. Proteins are made up of how many amino acids?

7. This basic carbohydrate cannot be broken into smaller compounds

8. In the gall bladder, passage to the common bile duct occurs via

9. How are large surpluses of amino acids lost?

10. Which of the following are fat soluble vitamins?

11. Which of the following occur in the liver?

12. What percent of absorption of nutrients and water takes place in the small intestine?

13. The esophageal phase:

14. Your jejunum is _______; your ileum is_______

15. Th inner surface of the stomach is derived from what embryonic germ layer?

16. What is the internal region of the stomach that is the most direct path between cardiac and pyloric sphincters? This region also allows passage of water into the small intestine.

17. Bile generated by the liver is needed:

18. What is the last step in defecation (elimination)?

19. Requires specialized protein carrier

20. Which of the following chief digestive enzymes chemically digests proteins?

21. The lining of your esophagus is:

22. Which organ can convert excess amino acids into triglycerides?

23. All of the following are pancreatic proteolytic enzymes, EXCEPT:

24. All of the following takes place in the stomach, EXCEPT:

25. Which of the following lipids is the most abundant?

26. Where is the surplus glucose that is converted to glycogen stored?

27. Which of the following are water soluble vitamins?

28. In order for lipids to processs, ____ is absorbed across villi

29. Vitamins provide energy to the body

30. All of the following are microminerals, EXCEPT:

31. To a certain degree, all of the following take place in the mouth, EXCEPT:

32. All of the following are macrominerals, EXCEPT:

33. Circularly arranged bands of smooth muscle can constrict small intestine to point of occlusion. Functions to break up chyme, keeping it loose and mushy.

34. Secrete hormones that regulate tomach functions such as peristalsis, other secretions, etc.

35. E. coli can synthesize vitamins

36. How are proteins absorbed in the small intestine?

37. In the exocrine pancreas, acinar cells _____ and duct cells _______

38. All of the following are excreted through our urine, EXCEPT:

39. Match the following

40. Match the following

41. Match the following

14. Your jejunum is _; your ileum is_

37. In the exocrine pancreas, acinar cells _ and duct cells ___