Important Biology Quiz Questions For Students!
-
From the perspective of a cell receiving messages, the three stages of cell signaling are:
-
Paracrine, local, synaptic
-
Reception, transduction, and cell response
-
Reception, cell response, cell division
-
Alpha, beta, and gamma stages
-
Embark on a fascinating journey into the world of biology with our "Important Biology Quiz Questions for Students!" This quiz is crafted to challenge and enrich the knowledge of budding biologists and science enthusiasts alike. Explore essential topics, from cellular biology and genetics to ecosystems and human anatomy. Test your understanding of fundamental principles that form the basis of biological See moresciences. Whether you're a high school student preparing for exams or simply curious about the wonders of life, this quiz offers a diverse range of questions to assess and expand your grasp of biology. Dive into the complexities of living organisms, ecosystems, and molecular structures with this engaging quiz designed to stimulate curiosity and deepen your appreciation for the marvels of the biological world.
Quiz Preview
- 2.
The signal transduction pathway in animals that use epinephrine:
-
Involves activation of glycogen breakdown in liver cells
-
Is a classic example of paracrine signaling
-
Is a classic example of synaptic signaling
-
Operates independently of receptors on the cell surface
-
None of these decribes the epinephrine system
Correct Answer
A. Involves activation of glycogen breakdown in liver cellsExplanation
The correct answer is "Involves activation of glycogen breakdown in liver cells." This is because epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is a hormone that triggers the breakdown of glycogen in liver cells. This process releases glucose into the bloodstream, providing a quick source of energy during fight-or-flight responses. Epinephrine does not operate independently of receptors on the cell surface, and it is not a classic example of paracrine or synaptic signaling.Rate this question:
-
- 3.
The process of signal transduction usually begins:
-
After the target cell divides
-
When the hormone is released into the blood
-
When the signal molecule changes the receptor protien in some way
-
After the third stage of cell signaling is completed
-
None of these show the start of signal transduction
Correct Answer
A. When the signal molecule changes the receptor protien in some wayExplanation
Signal transduction is the process by which a signal molecule binds to a receptor protein on the cell surface, leading to a series of molecular events that ultimately result in a cellular response. This process typically begins when the signal molecule changes the receptor protein in some way, such as by binding to it or causing a conformational change. This interaction between the signal molecule and the receptor initiates a cascade of intracellular signaling events, allowing the cell to interpret and respond to the signal. The other options mentioned do not accurately describe the start of signal transduction.Rate this question:
-
- 4.
Sutherland discovered that epinephrine:
-
Binds to calcium ions
-
Lowers blood glucose by binding to cells
-
Interacts with insulin inside muscle cells
-
Does not interact directly with glycogen phosphorylase
Correct Answer
A. Does not interact directly with glycogen phosphorylaseExplanation
Epinephrine does not directly interact with glycogen phosphorylase. Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme responsible for breaking down glycogen into glucose. Epinephrine, on the other hand, acts on cells through specific receptors, known as adrenergic receptors, to trigger a cascade of signaling pathways that ultimately result in the breakdown of glycogen. Therefore, while epinephrine indirectly affects glycogen phosphorylase, it does not directly interact with it.Rate this question:
-
- 5.
Most signal molecules: , , and .
-
Never enter the ctyosol of the cell
-
Are water soluable
-
Can't pass through the plasma membrane
-
None of these are correct
-
All of the above apply to most signal molecules
Correct Answer
A. All of the above apply to most signal moleculesExplanation
Most signal molecules cannot enter the cytosol of the cell, as they are usually too large or polar to pass through the plasma membrane. Additionally, they are typically water-soluble, allowing them to easily travel through the extracellular fluid. Therefore, the correct answer is that all of the above statements apply to most signal molecules.Rate this question:
-
- 6.
Ligand bound tryosine kinase signal receptors:
-
Activate the kinase domain after they form dimers
-
Activate the kinase domain before they form dimers
-
Activate the G-protien that stimulates second messenger production
-
Are not capable of hydrolyzing ATP
Correct Answer
A. Activate the kinase domain after they form dimersExplanation
Ligand bound tyrosine kinase signal receptors activate the kinase domain after they form dimers. This means that when the ligand binds to the receptor, it causes the receptor molecules to come together and form dimers. Once the dimers are formed, the kinase domain within the receptor is activated, leading to downstream signaling events. This activation of the kinase domain is crucial for transmitting the signal initiated by the ligand binding to the receptor.Rate this question:
-
- 7.
If an animal lacked adenylyl cyclase, it:
-
Would not be able to transmit nerve inpulse via a synapse
-
Could not convert GTP to ATP
-
Would lack membrane bound receptors
-
Would not respond properly to epinephrine signals
Correct Answer
A. Would not respond properly to epinephrine signalsExplanation
If an animal lacked adenylyl cyclase, it would not respond properly to epinephrine signals. Adenylyl cyclase is an enzyme that converts ATP to cyclic AMP (cAMP), which is a secondary messenger in many signaling pathways, including those involving epinephrine. Without adenylyl cyclase, the animal would not be able to produce cAMP in response to epinephrine, and therefore, it would not be able to properly transmit the signal and respond to the hormone's effects.Rate this question:
-
- 8.
Which of the following is NOT considered a second messenger?
-
CAMP
-
Adenylyl cyclase
-
Calcium ions
-
Inositol triphosphate
Correct Answer
A. Adenylyl cyclaseExplanation
Adenylyl cyclase is not considered a second messenger because it is an enzyme that produces cAMP, which is a second messenger. Second messengers are molecules that relay signals from the cell surface to the inside of the cell, and cAMP is one of the most well-known second messengers. Calcium ions and inositol triphosphate are also considered second messengers as they play important roles in signal transduction pathways.Rate this question:
-
- 9.
Which one of the following is NOT part of the phosphorylation cascade model?
-
A signal molecule binds to a membrane receptor protien
-
Protien Kinase is activated
-
ATP donates a phosphate group to an inactive protien kinase
-
A specific protien is activated via phosphorylation
-
All the above are part of the phosphorylation cascade
Correct Answer
A. All the above are part of the phosphorylation cascadeExplanation
The correct answer is that all the options listed are part of the phosphorylation cascade. The phosphorylation cascade model describes a series of events in which a signal molecule binds to a membrane receptor protein, leading to the activation of protein kinase. ATP then donates a phosphate group to an inactive protein kinase, activating it. Finally, a specific protein is activated via phosphorylation. Therefore, all the options listed are part of the phosphorylation cascade.Rate this question:
-
- 10.
One of these statements about cell communication is incorrect. Which is it?
-
Cell signaling was an early event in the evolution of life.
-
Communicating cells may be close together or far apart.
-
Most receptor molecules are bound to the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope.
-
Protien phosphorylation is a major mechanism of signal transduction.
Correct Answer
A. Most receptor molecules are bound to the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope.Explanation
This statement is incorrect because most receptor molecules are not bound to the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope. Receptor molecules are typically located on the cell surface or within the cytoplasm, where they can interact with signaling molecules and initiate a cellular response. The nuclear envelope primarily functions as a barrier between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and it does not typically contain receptor molecules.Rate this question:
-
- 11.
One of the major differences in cell division between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that in prokaryotes:
-
Cytokinesis does not occur
-
Genes are not duplicated
-
No spindle forms
-
DNA replication does not occur
Correct Answer
A. No spindle formsExplanation
In prokaryotes, one of the major differences in cell division compared to eukaryotic cells is that no spindle forms. The spindle apparatus is a crucial structure involved in the separation of chromosomes during cell division in eukaryotes. It helps in pulling the replicated chromosomes apart and distributing them equally into the daughter cells. However, prokaryotes lack this complex structure, and instead, they use a simpler mechanism to divide their genetic material. This difference in the formation of the spindle is one of the key distinctions in cell division between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.Rate this question:
-
- 12.
In eukaryotic organisms, chromosomes are duplicated________ cell division
-
Before
-
During
-
After
-
It depends on the specific organism
Correct Answer
A. AfterExplanation
After cell division, chromosomes are duplicated in eukaryotic organisms. This is because during cell division, the genetic material needs to be accurately distributed to the daughter cells. Chromosomes contain the DNA, which carries the genetic information of the organism. Therefore, after cell division, each daughter cell should have an identical set of chromosomes to ensure the proper functioning and development of the organism.Rate this question:
-
- 13.
Which of the following organelles contain DNA and replicate primarily under their own direction?
-
Centromeres
-
Mitochondria
-
Ribosomes
-
Golgi
Correct Answer
A. MitochondriaExplanation
Mitochondria contain their own DNA and replicate independently, separate from the cell's DNA replication process. They have their own genetic material and are capable of producing their own proteins. This is why they are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell, as they are responsible for producing energy through cellular respiration.Rate this question:
-
- 14.
A centromere would be found:
-
In the cytoplasm
-
In the nucleous
-
On a Chromatid
-
In a ribosome
Correct Answer
A. On a ChromatidExplanation
A centromere is a region on a chromatid where the sister chromatids are attached. It plays a crucial role in the separation of chromosomes during cell division. Therefore, the correct answer is "On a Chromatid."Rate this question:
-
- 15.
DNA is synthesized during the ______ phase of the cell cycle.
-
G1
-
S
-
G2
-
M
Correct Answer
A. SExplanation
DNA is synthesized during the S phase of the cell cycle. This phase follows the G1 phase and precedes the G2 phase. During the S phase, the cell undergoes DNA replication, where each chromosome is duplicated to form sister chromatids. This ensures that each daughter cell will receive a complete set of genetic information during cell division. The G1 phase is the period of cell growth and preparation for DNA synthesis, while the G2 phase is the phase where the cell prepares for cell division. The M phase is the actual cell division phase.Rate this question:
-
- 16.
During both prophase AND metaphase of mitosis, sister chromatids:
-
Have one-half the amount of DNA as does the original G1 Chromosome
-
Move together toward one pole of the cell
-
Are connected at a region called the centromere
-
Are coiled or uncondensed
Correct Answer
A. Are connected at a region called the centromereExplanation
During both prophase and metaphase of mitosis, sister chromatids are connected at a region called the centromere. The centromere is a specialized region of the chromosome where the two sister chromatids are joined together. This connection ensures that the sister chromatids are properly aligned and can be separated during the later stages of mitosis. The centromere also plays a crucial role in the attachment of spindle fibers, which are responsible for pulling the sister chromatids apart and distributing them to each daughter cell.Rate this question:
-
- 17.
In mitosis, when do the centromeres split?
-
Prophase
-
Metaphase
-
Anaphase
-
Telophase
Correct Answer
A. AnaphaseExplanation
During anaphase of mitosis, the centromeres split. This is the stage where the sister chromatids, which are joined together at the centromere, separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. The splitting of the centromeres allows each chromatid to become an individual chromosome, ensuring that each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes.Rate this question:
-
- 18.
Depolymerization or breakdown of ____ happens as chromatids move toward the cell poles.
-
Centrioles
-
Kinetochore fibers
-
Actin fibers
-
Nucleoli
Correct Answer
A. Kinetochore fibersExplanation
During cell division, the breakdown or depolymerization of kinetochore fibers occurs as chromatids move towards the cell poles. Kinetochore fibers are responsible for attaching the chromatids to the spindle fibers, which help in separating the chromatids during cell division. As the chromatids are pulled towards the opposite poles of the cell, the kinetochore fibers break down, allowing the chromatids to separate completely. This process ensures that each new cell receives the correct number of chromosomes.Rate this question:
-
- 19.
Density dependant contact inhibition is:
-
When a cell stops metabolizing when it contacts another one in a cell culture.
-
When a cell stops dividing when it contacts others in a cell culture
-
When a girl slaps a boy because he touched her
-
None of hte above describes contact inhibition
Correct Answer
A. When a cell stops dividing when it contacts others in a cell cultureExplanation
Density dependant contact inhibition refers to the phenomenon where cells stop dividing when they come into contact with other cells in a cell culture. This is an important regulatory mechanism in cell growth and development, as it helps to maintain the appropriate cell density and prevent overcrowding. When cells reach a certain density, they stop dividing to maintain a balance and ensure proper tissue organization. This process plays a crucial role in various biological processes such as embryonic development, wound healing, and tissue homeostasis.Rate this question:
-
- 20.
What is the haploid number of chromosomes in a beetle that has 34 chromosomes in its sperm cells?
-
17
-
34
-
68
-
Can't tell- need more information
Correct Answer
A. 34Explanation
The haploid number of chromosomes in a beetle refers to the number of chromosomes present in its sperm or egg cells. Since the question specifically states that the beetle has 34 chromosomes in its sperm cells, it means that 34 is the haploid number of chromosomes for this beetle.Rate this question:
-
- 21.
When does the 2n-->n reduction occur in meosis?
-
Metaphase I
-
Anaphase I
-
Metaphase II
-
Anaphase II
Correct Answer
A. Anaphase IExplanation
During meiosis, the 2n-->n reduction occurs in Anaphase I. This is the stage where homologous chromosomes separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. This separation reduces the chromosome number from diploid (2n) to haploid (n) by separating pairs of homologous chromosomes. Anaphase II, on the other hand, is when sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles, resulting in the formation of four haploid daughter cells. Metaphase I and Metaphase II are stages where chromosomes align at the equator of the cell, but they do not involve the reduction of chromosome number.Rate this question:
-
- 22.
Genetic recombination involves:
-
Crossing over between nonsister chromatids
-
Random fertilization of gametes
-
Independant assortment of chromasomes
-
All of the above are involved
Correct Answer
A. All of the above are involvedExplanation
Genetic recombination involves all of the mentioned processes. Crossing over between nonsister chromatids occurs during meiosis, where genetic material is exchanged between homologous chromosomes. Random fertilization of gametes refers to the random combination of genetic material from two different individuals during sexual reproduction. Independent assortment of chromosomes occurs during meiosis as well, where homologous chromosomes align randomly at the metaphase plate, leading to different combinations of chromosomes in the resulting gametes. Therefore, all of these processes contribute to genetic recombination.Rate this question:
-
- 23.
Homologous chromosomes:
-
Have identical genes
-
Have genes for the same traits at the same loci
-
Pair up in prophase II
-
Are found in all haploid cells
Correct Answer
A. Have genes for the same traits at the same lociExplanation
Homologous chromosomes have genes for the same traits at the same loci. This means that they carry the same type of genes, although they may have different alleles or variations of those genes. These chromosomes pair up during prophase II of meiosis and are found in all haploid cells. Identical genes refer to chromosomes that have the exact same sequence of DNA, which is not necessarily the case for homologous chromosomes.Rate this question:
-
- 24.
When do centromeres split during meiosis?
-
Anaphase I
-
Anaphase II
-
Metaphase I
-
Metaphase II
Correct Answer
A. Anaphase IIExplanation
During meiosis, centromeres split during Anaphase II. This is the stage where sister chromatids, which are held together by the centromere, separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. In Anaphase II, the centromeres divide, allowing the chromatids to separate and become individual chromosomes. This ensures that each resulting cell receives the correct number of chromosomes.Rate this question:
-
- 25.
A major difference between mitosis and meiosis is:
-
Mitosis occurs only in the gonads
-
Crossing over happens only in mitosis
-
Duplicated chromosomes synapse with homologues in meiosis
-
The nuclear membrane does not fragment in meiosis
Correct Answer
A. Duplicated chromosomes synapse with homologues in meiosisExplanation
In meiosis, duplicated chromosomes synapse with homologues, which means that each chromosome pairs up with its corresponding homologous chromosome. This pairing allows for the exchange of genetic material through a process called crossing over. This is a key step in meiosis that leads to genetic variation among offspring. In contrast, mitosis does not involve the pairing of homologous chromosomes or crossing over. Mitosis is a process of cell division that occurs in various tissues and organs, not just in the gonads. Additionally, the nuclear membrane does fragment in meiosis, unlike in mitosis.Rate this question:
-
- 26.
Meiosis II is similar to mitosis because:
-
Sister chromatids separate
-
Homologous chromosomes separate
-
DNA replication precedes the division
-
They both occur in somatic cells
Correct Answer
A. Sister chromatids separateExplanation
Meiosis II is similar to mitosis because sister chromatids separate. In both processes, the sister chromatids, which are identical copies of each other, separate and move to opposite poles of the cell. This ensures that each resulting cell receives a complete set of chromosomes. This separation of sister chromatids is a crucial step in both meiosis II and mitosis, contributing to genetic diversity and the formation of new cells.Rate this question:
-
- 27.
A 1:1 phenotype ratio observed in a monohybrid testcross indicates that:
-
The gene has more that 2 alleles
-
The unknown parent was heterozygous
-
The unknown parent was homozygous
-
Alleles segregated independently
Correct Answer
A. The unknown parent was heterozygousExplanation
A 1:1 phenotype ratio observed in a monohybrid testcross indicates that the unknown parent was heterozygous. This is because in a monohybrid cross, where only one gene is being studied, a 1:1 ratio of phenotypes suggests that the unknown parent carried two different alleles for the gene. If the unknown parent was homozygous, the ratio would be 1:0 or 0:1, and if the gene had more than 2 alleles, the ratio would be different from 1:1. The fact that the ratio is 1:1 suggests that the unknown parent was heterozygous for the gene being studied.Rate this question:
-
- 28.
The probability that a particular genotype may result from a genetic cross:
-
Can be determined as the product of probablities for each specific genotype
-
Can be determined from the genotype ratio of that specific cross
-
Will depend on the genotypes of the parents
-
All laws of prbability do not affect genotypes.
Correct Answer
A. All laws of prbability do not affect genotypes.Explanation
The correct answer is "Will depend on the genotypes of the parents." The probability of a particular genotype resulting from a genetic cross is influenced by the genotypes of the parents. Different combinations of genotypes in the parents can lead to different probabilities of specific genotypes in the offspring. Therefore, the genotypes of the parents play a crucial role in determining the probability of a particular genotype in the offspring.Rate this question:
-
- 29.
According to Mendel's Law of segregation:
-
There is a one in four chance that a gamete with get a dominant allele
-
Gene pairs segregate independantly of each other.
-
Allele pairs segregate during gamete formation.
-
The laws of probability do not affect genotypes.
Correct Answer
A. Allele pairs segregate during gamete formation.Explanation
According to Mendel's Law of segregation, allele pairs segregate during gamete formation. This means that during the formation of gametes (sperm and egg cells), the two alleles for a gene separate from each other and end up in different gametes. This ensures that each gamete carries only one allele for each gene. This segregation is important for the inheritance of traits and the passing on of genetic information from parents to offspring.Rate this question:
-
- 30.
A gene that interferes with or affects the expression of another gene is:
-
Epistatic
-
Pleiotropic
-
Polygenic
-
Recessive
Correct Answer
A. EpistaticExplanation
Epistatic refers to a gene that interferes with or affects the expression of another gene. This means that the presence or activity of the epistatic gene can override or modify the effect of another gene, thereby influencing the phenotype. It is important to note that epistasis can occur in various forms, such as dominant or recessive epistasis, where the presence of one allele at the epistatic gene can mask or modify the expression of another gene.Rate this question:
-
- 31.
A couple has 6 children, all of them are girls. What is the chance that their seventh child will be a girl?
-
0.25
-
0.0078
-
0.50
-
Can't be determined.
Correct Answer
A. 0.50Explanation
The chance that the seventh child will be a girl is 0.50. This is because the gender of each child is independent of the gender of the previous children. The probability of having a girl or a boy is always 0.50, regardless of the previous children's genders.Rate this question:
-
- 32.
If you cross 2 parents both of whioch are heterozygous for the T and R genes(TtRr), what percentage of the progeny will be homozygous dominant for R?
-
0%
-
13%
-
25%
-
50%
Correct Answer
A. 25%Explanation
When crossing two parents who are heterozygous for the T and R genes (TtRr), there is a 25% chance that the progeny will be homozygous dominant for R. This is because when both parents are heterozygous (TtRr), there is a 25% chance that the offspring will inherit the dominant allele for R from both parents, resulting in homozygosity for the dominant trait.Rate this question:
-
- 33.
If a gene is sex linked (in an XY sex determiniing system):
-
Only females can show the trait
-
Females can never show the trait
-
Males more frequently show the trait
-
The gene is on an autosome
Correct Answer
A. Males more frequently show the traitExplanation
In an XY sex determining system, the presence of a sex-linked gene means that the gene is located on the sex chromosome. Since males have one X and one Y chromosome, while females have two X chromosomes, males are more likely to show the trait associated with the sex-linked gene. This is because if the gene is present on the X chromosome, males only need one copy of the gene to express the trait, while females need two copies. Therefore, males more frequently show the trait compared to females.Rate this question:
-
- 34.
Linked genes:
-
Violate the law of independent assortment
-
Are on the same chromosome
-
Support the law of independent assortment
-
A and B
-
A and C
Correct Answer
A. A and BExplanation
Linked genes are genes that are located close to each other on the same chromosome. They violate the law of independent assortment because they tend to be inherited together rather than independently. This is because the physical proximity of linked genes on the chromosome makes it less likely for them to be separated during the process of genetic recombination. Therefore, the correct answer is A and B.Rate this question:
-
- 35.
A 1:1:1:1 ratio observed from a dihybrid testcross indicated that:
-
The genesare tightly linked
-
The genes are effectively unlinked
-
Crossing over hass occured
-
The genes are 25 map units apart
Correct Answer
A. The genes are effectively unlinkedExplanation
A 1:1:1:1 ratio observed from a dihybrid testcross indicates that the genes are effectively unlinked. This means that the two genes are located on different chromosomes or are located far apart from each other on the same chromosome. In this case, the genes segregate independently during meiosis, resulting in equal proportions of the four possible combinations of alleles in the offspring. If the genes were tightly linked, crossing over would not occur, and the ratio would deviate from 1:1:1:1. If the genes were 25 map units apart, the ratio would also deviate from 1:1:1:1 due to the occurrence of crossing over.Rate this question:
-
- 36.
Assuming that you could deal with the size and species differences, could you mate a ZZ canary with an XX cockroach? If not, how about mating the ZZ canary to a XY rhinoceros?What about a rhino-roach cross?
-
Only the canary and cockroachwould work
-
The canary and roach won't work, but you could make a rhino-canary.
-
You're stuck because all three of them are males.
-
You could do the rhino-roach and the canary-roach, but not the rhino-canary.
Correct Answer
A. You could do the rhino-roach and the canary-roach, but not the rhino-canary.Explanation
The correct answer states that you could mate a rhino-roach and a canary-roach, but not a rhino-canary. This suggests that the size and species differences can be dealt with, but the genetic compatibility between the different species is what determines whether mating is possible. In this case, it seems that the genetic compatibility between a rhinoceros and a cockroach, as well as between a rhinoceros and a canary, is not possible. However, the genetic compatibility between a cockroach and a canary allows for mating between them.Rate this question:
-
- 37.
The followig recombination frequencies were found for genes A, B, C, and D:A-B 12%, A-C 19%, A-D 10%, B-C 31%, B-D 2%, C-D 29%, What is the order of these genes on a chromosome?
-
A-D-B-C
-
A-C-B-D
-
B-A-D-C
-
B-D-A-C
-
B-D-C-A
Correct Answer
A. B-D-A-CExplanation
Based on the given recombination frequencies, the order of these genes on a chromosome can be determined by arranging them in ascending order based on their recombination frequencies. The gene with the lowest recombination frequency is A-D (10%), followed by A-B (12%), B-C (31%), and finally C-D (29%). Therefore, the correct order of these genes on a chromosome is B-D-A-C.Rate this question:
-
Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Dec 13, 2023 +
Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.
-
Current Version
-
Dec 13, 2023Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Dec 05, 2007Quiz Created by
Drimi89
Back to top