Baze Podataka Drugi Kol 1

The correct answer is "DISTINCT". In a select query, the DISTINCT keyword is used to eliminate duplicate rows from the result set. It ensures that only unique values are returned in the table. The UNION, ALL, and UNLIKE keywords are not used to eliminate duplicate rows, but rather have different purposes in SQL.

The correct answer is "Skup dozvoljenih vrednosti koje neki atribut moze uzeti" which translates to "A set of allowable values that an attribute can take." This explanation suggests that the domain of an attribute refers to the range of values that the attribute can have.

The correct answer is "they are in a 1:1 relationship". This means that for each record in table A, there is only one corresponding record in table B, and vice versa. This type of relationship ensures that the attribute A1 in table A uniquely identifies the attribute B1 in table B, indicating a one-to-one mapping between the two tables.

The rules of integrity are defined within a database.

The ORDER BY clause is always the last clause in the SELECT block. It is used to sort the result set based on specified columns or expressions. The HAVING clause is used to filter the result set after grouping has been applied. The GROUP BY clause is used to group the result set based on specified columns. The WHILE clause is not a valid clause in the SELECT block.

The correct answer is "veze tipa M:N" (relationships of type M:N). The explanation for this answer is that unlike the hierarchical model, the network model allows for many-to-many relationships between entities. In the network model, records are connected through sets of relationships, and each record can have multiple parent and child records. This flexibility allows for more complex data structures and better representation of real-world relationships between entities.

The correct answer is "Select, From, Where, Group by, Having, Order by". In SQL, the general form of a SELECT query consists of the SELECT clause, which specifies the columns to be retrieved, the FROM clause, which specifies the table(s) to retrieve data from, the WHERE clause, which specifies the conditions for filtering rows, the GROUP BY clause, which groups the result set based on one or more columns, the HAVING clause, which specifies conditions for filtering grouped rows, and the ORDER BY clause, which determines the order of the result set.

The image shows the cardinality of a relationship between two entities. In a 1:1 cardinality, each entity in one set is associated with exactly one entity in the other set. This means that for every entity in one set, there is a unique corresponding entity in the other set, and vice versa.

A digital image of a real-world object that is important for an information system is a model-object. This is because a model-object represents a real-world object in a digital form and can be used to store and manipulate data related to that object within an information system. It allows for efficient storage, retrieval, and analysis of information, making it a crucial component of an information system.

The correct answer is "Prvoj normalnoj formi" (First normal form). In the first normal form, all attributes in a relation must be atomic, meaning they cannot be further divided into smaller components. This ensures that each attribute contains only a single value, eliminating any multivalued or composite attributes. Therefore, if all the values of the attributes in a relation are atomic, it is in the first normal form.

The given answer "egzistencijalno i identifikacijski" means that the object STAVKA depends on the existence and identification of the object RACUN. This implies that without the existence of the RACUN object, the STAVKA object cannot exist, and furthermore, the STAVKA object is identified based on its association with the RACUN object.

The correct answer is "broj n-torki jedne tabele koji su u relaciji sa jednom n-torkom druge tabele" (the number of tuples of one table that are related to one tuple of another table). This answer accurately describes the cardinality of a relationship in a database, which refers to the number of tuples in one table that are associated with one tuple in another table.

The correct answer is SELECT ime FROM tab1 WHERE ime LIKE "%a%b%" OR ime LIKE "%b%a%". This query returns a list of all names that contain both the letters "a" and "b". The LIKE operator is used to search for patterns in the "ime" attribute, and the "%" wildcard is used to represent any number of characters. By using two LIKE conditions with the OR operator, the query ensures that it returns names that contain both "a" and "b" in any order.

The correct answer is "Dupliciranje podataka" which translates to "Data duplication" in English. This means that the explanation for the correct answer is that redudansa (redundancy) refers to the duplication of data.

The correct answer is "normalizacija." Normalizacija is a process of decomposition of a table in order to achieve a good relational model and eliminate any possible occurrence of uncontrolled redundancy. This process helps in organizing the data efficiently and reduces data redundancy, thereby improving the overall performance and integrity of the database.

The correct answer is "Elementarni Objekti". This is because "Entiteti su" translates to "Entities are" in English, and the given options are "Skup Baze" (Set of Database), "Elementarni Objekti" (Elementary Objects), "Tabele" (Tables), and "Skup tabela" (Set of Tables). Among these options, "Elementarni Objekti" best fits the context of entities, as it refers to the basic or fundamental objects in a system or database.

The correct answer is DISTINCT. The DISTINCT clause is used to eliminate duplicate rows from the result set. It ensures that only unique rows are returned in the query result. This is particularly useful when working with large datasets where duplicate rows can impact the performance and accuracy of the query results. The DISTINCT clause can be used in conjunction with SELECT statement to specify the columns for which uniqueness should be considered.

The correct answer is M:M. This notation represents a many-to-many cardinality relationship between two entities. It means that multiple instances of one entity can be associated with multiple instances of another entity.

In the network model of a database, M:N relationships can be implemented without the need for a junction table. In this model, records are connected through pointers, allowing for direct relationships between entities. This means that multiple records can be directly linked to multiple records without the use of an intermediary table. Therefore, in the network model, M:N relationships can be established without the need for a separate junction table.

The correct answer is "virtuelna tabela sa imenom". This means that the "Pogled" (view) is a virtual table with a name. In a database system, a view is a virtual table that does not physically exist but is created based on the query definition. It behaves like a table and can be used for querying data, but it is stored as a query in the database. The fact that it has a name indicates that it can be referenced and used in queries just like a regular table.

The correct answer is "nekontrolisane redundanse". This means that anomalies in data entry, deletion, and modification occur as a result of uncontrolled redundancies. Redundancy refers to the unnecessary repetition of data, which can lead to inconsistencies and anomalies in the database. When redundancies are not properly controlled or managed, it can cause issues in data integrity and reliability.

The answer is 100000 zapisa because the query is selecting the columns "ime" and "imeod" from the tables "radnik" and "odeljenje" respectively, where the "brod" column in the "radnik" table is equal to the "brod" column in the "odeljenje" table and the "ime" column in the "radnik" table starts with the letter "A". Since there are 1000 records in the "radnik" table and 100 records in the "odeljenje" table, the result of the query will be the intersection of these two tables, which will have a maximum of 100 records. Therefore, the answer is 100000 zapisa.

When translating an E-R model, binary relationships of type 1:1 and 1:N are expressed with foreign keys, while relationships of type M:N are expressed with a linking table. This means that for 1:1 and 1:N relationships, the primary key of one entity is used as a foreign key in the other entity to establish the relationship. On the other hand, for M:N relationships, a separate table is created to store the relationship between the entities, with foreign keys referencing the primary keys of the related entities.

In the given E-R model, the statement "RACUN je cvrsti objekat, a Stavka slabi" means that the entity RACUN (account) is a strong entity, meaning it can exist independently and has a unique identifier (brojracuna#), while the entity STAVKA (item) is a weak entity, meaning it depends on the existence of RACUN and does not have a unique identifier on its own, but rather relies on the identifier of RACUN (brojracuna#) to distinguish different instances of STAVKA.

The correct answer is "insert, select, delete, update". These are all examples of data manipulation statements in a database management system. The insert statement is used to add new data into a table, the select statement is used to retrieve data from a table, the delete statement is used to remove data from a table, and the update statement is used to modify existing data in a table.

Indexing allows for direct access to data in a table through attributes that are indexed. This means that instead of sequentially accessing the data, the index allows for quick retrieval of specific data based on the indexed attribute. The primary key is one such attribute that can be indexed, but it is not the only attribute that can be indexed. Therefore, the correct answer is "direktan pristup podacima u tabeli putem atributa koji su indeksirani" which translates to "direct access to data in the table through indexed attributes."

The correct answer is "Zapis" because it refers to the collection of all the values of the elementary features that are related to an object. "Zapis" can be translated as "record" or "entry" in English, and it represents a set of data or information that is associated with a specific object. In this context, it implies that the collection of values of the elementary features is recorded or stored as a single entity.

Referencijalni integritet je definicija koja se odnosi na spoljni ključ koji je podskup skupa primarnog ključa. Ova definicija se koristi za osiguravanje da se vrednosti u spoljnim ključevima podudaraju sa vrednostima u pripadajućim primarnim ključevima. Na taj način se održava konzistentnost podataka i sprečava se unos nevalidnih ili nekonzistentnih vrednosti u bazu podataka.

A named virtual table whose definition is stored as an object in the database is called a "pogled" or a "view". Views are used to simplify complex queries and provide a virtual representation of data from one or more tables. They allow users to access specific data without exposing the underlying structure or complexity of the database. By storing the definition as an object, views can be easily referenced and reused in queries, providing a convenient and efficient way to retrieve data.

The correct answer is "Grant". Grant is a command used in database management systems to give specific privileges or permissions to a user or a group of users. It is a part of the set of commands that are used for managing and controlling access to the database. The other options mentioned (Alter Table, Delete, and Select) are not considered as commands for managing access control and user privileges.

The correct answer is "create view, create index, create table". These are examples of data definition statements in SQL. "Create view" is used to create a virtual table based on the result of a query, "create index" is used to create an index on a table to improve query performance, and "create table" is used to create a new table in the database.

The given statement suggests that every non-key attribute in the relation is functionally dependent on the primary key. This condition satisfies the requirements for the second normal form (2NF). In 2NF, the relation must already be in 1NF and every non-key attribute must be functionally dependent on the whole primary key. Therefore, the relation is in the second normal form.

The correct answer is "Select." In SQL, the SELECT statement is used to retrieve data from a database. It allows you to specify which attributes or columns you want to retrieve in the result set. The other options (WHERE, FROM, GROUP BY) are used for filtering, specifying the table or tables to retrieve data from, and grouping the result set, respectively. However, only the SELECT statement allows you to choose specific attributes to be included in the result set.

The correct answer is 4,2,1,3. This order represents the chronological appearance of the different models. The relational model (1) was the first to be introduced, followed by the hierarchical and network models (2). The object-oriented model (3) came next, and finally, the model based on programming languages (4) was introduced.

The correct answer is the first option: SELECT brod, posao, count(*) FROM radnik GROUP BY brod, posao HAVING count(*)>1. This query selects the columns "brod" and "posao" from the table "radnik" and counts the number of occurrences for each combination of "brod" and "posao". The GROUP BY clause groups the results by "brod" and "posao", and the HAVING clause filters the groups to only include those with a count greater than 1. This query will return the "brod" and "posao" combinations that have more than one occurrence in the table.

The correct answer is the third option: SELECT lista atributa 1 FROM lista relacija WHERE lista uslova 1 ORDER BY lista atributa 2 GROUP BY lista atributa 3 HAVING lista uslova 2. This is because the query follows the correct syntax for a SELECT statement in SQL. It selects the specified attributes from the specified relations, applies the specified conditions in the WHERE clause, groups the results by the specified attribute, applies additional conditions in the HAVING clause, and finally orders the results by the specified attribute.

The correct answer includes a list of different types of entities: real objects, abstract concepts, events, and associations. These are all different categories or classifications of entities that can exist in a given context or system.

A foreign key is one or more attributes that are not a key in the current entity, but are a key in another entity. It is used to establish a relationship between two entities and maintain referential integrity. It allows for the unique identification of attributes by linking them to a primary key in another entity.

The correct answer is "unarne veze 1:1". This means that there is a one-to-one relationship between the tuples in the GRADANIN table. Each tuple represents a person, and there is a one-to-one correspondence between the matbr attribute (representing the personal identification number) and the matbr2 attribute (representing the personal identification number of the spouse). This implies that each person in the table has a unique spouse, and vice versa.

The explanation for the given correct answer is that according to Codd, the rules of database integrity are defined in both the referential integrity and entity integrity in the database. This means that both the referential integrity (which ensures that relationships between tables are maintained) and entity integrity (which ensures that each entity has a unique identifier) are important for maintaining the integrity of the database. Therefore, the correct answer is that the rules of integrity are defined in both the referential integrity and entity integrity in the database.

The given answer states that if the non-key attributes in the table are neither functionally nor transitively dependent on the key attributes, then the relation is in the third normal form. This means that all the non-key attributes in the table are determined solely by the key attributes and not by any other non-key attributes. In other words, there are no unnecessary dependencies between non-key attributes in the table.

The given statement suggests that in a relation, the combination of the relation's name, the primary key value, and the attribute name uniquely identifies an atomic data. This means that a single atomic data can be uniquely identified and distinguished from others within the relation based on these three factors.

The given correct answer states that weak objects, which only existentially depend on a strong object, can have a composite primary key that includes a part of the strong object's key. This means that it is possible for weak objects to have a primary key that is composed of multiple attributes, where one of those attributes is derived from the strong object's key. However, it is not necessary for weak objects to have such a composite primary key.

The correct answer is "jedinstvenost i minimalnost" (uniqueness and minimality). In order for an attribute to be a candidate for a primary key, it must be unique (jedinstvenost) to ensure that each record in the table can be uniquely identified. Additionally, it must be minimal (minimalnost), meaning that no subset of the attribute can uniquely identify the records. This ensures that the primary key is as concise and efficient as possible.

The correct answer states that the set of values of the foreign key of relation R1 must be a subset of the set of values of the primary key of relation R2, without the requirement that relations R1 and R2 must be different. This means that the values in the foreign key column of R1 can be a subset of the values in the primary key column of R2, even if R1 and R2 are the same relation.

The correct answer is "minimalan broj instanci entiteta koji mogu a ne moraju da ucestvuju u vezi". This means that the minimal cardinality determines the minimum number of instances of an entity that can optionally participate in a relationship. In other words, these instances are not required to be present in the relationship, but they can be if needed.

The correct answer is "binarne veze tipa 1:N" because it states that there is a binary relationship between the tables NASTAVNIK and PREDMET, where one NASTAVNIK can teach multiple PREDMET. This means that each record in the NASTAVNIK table can be associated with multiple records in the PREDMET table, but each record in the PREDMET table can only be associated with one record in the NASTAVNIK table.

The correct answer suggests that in the table RADNIK, there are no workers with the same name and same job. This means that each worker in the table has a unique combination of name and job.

The correct answer is "fizickom realizacijom usvojenog modela baze podataka" which means "physical implementation of the adopted database model". This answer suggests that the implementation of an information system starts with the physical realization of the adopted database model. This involves creating the actual database structure, tables, and relationships based on the conceptual model that has been designed.

The correct answer is "Update". This is because the action of adding new tuples to existing relations is typically done through the use of the UPDATE command in a database management system. The UPDATE command allows for modifying existing data within a table, including adding new tuples or updating existing ones. The other options listed (Create, Group by, Insert) are not typically used for adding new tuples to existing relations.