Anatomy & Physiology II - Special Senses Quiz

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1/106 Questions

Identify the structure labeled "3."
- Cochlea
- Semicircular canals
- Auricle
- Tympanic membrane
- Vestibule

About This Quiz

The special senses are the senses that have specialized organs devoted to them for vision hearing and balance also smell. We covered the anatomy of the organs tasked to these actions and their functions. Take the quiz below and get to learn more about the topic. All the best as you do!

Anatomy & Physiology II - Special Senses Quiz - Quiz

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2.

Gustatory receptors are located
- In the eye.
- In the ear.
- On the surface of the tongue.
- In the nose.
- On the skin.
Correct Answer

A. On the surface of the tongue.

Explanation

Gustatory receptors are located on the surface of the tongue. These receptors are responsible for detecting and transmitting the sense of taste to the brain. When we eat or drink something, the gustatory receptors on our tongue come into contact with the molecules in the food or drink, and send signals to the brain, allowing us to perceive different tastes such as sweet, sour, salty, and bitter. The location of these receptors on the tongue is crucial for our ability to taste and enjoy different flavors.

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1
3.

Identify the structures labeled "8."
- Cochlea
- Auditory ossicles
- Auricle
- Tympanic membrane
- Vestibule
Correct Answer

A. Auditory ossicles

Explanation

The structures labeled "8" in the given options are the auditory ossicles. The auditory ossicles are a group of three small bones located in the middle ear: the malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), and stapes (stirrup). These bones play a crucial role in transmitting sound vibrations from the tympanic membrane (eardrum) to the inner ear (cochlea), where they are converted into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the brain.

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1
4.

The part of the eye that determines eye color is the
- Conjunctiva.
- Cornea.
- Iris.
- Pupil.
- Canal of Schlemm.
Correct Answer

A. Iris.

Explanation

The iris is the part of the eye that determines eye color. It is the colored part of the eye that surrounds the pupil and controls the amount of light that enters the eye. The iris contains pigments that give the eye its specific color, whether it be blue, green, brown, or any other variation. The color of the iris is determined by genetics and can vary between individuals.

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5.

Which of the following is not one of the six primary taste sensations?
- Sweet
- Peppery
- Sour
- Salty
- Umami
Correct Answer

A. Peppery

Explanation

Peppery is not one of the six primary taste sensations because it is not recognized as a distinct taste by the human taste buds. The six primary taste sensations are sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami, and fat. Peppery flavor is often associated with the sensation of heat or spiciness, which is detected by the trigeminal nerve rather than the taste buds.

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1
6.

Which of the following is a function of tears?
- Lubricate the eye
- Wash away debris
- Provide oxygen
- Nourish the cornea and conjunctiva
- All of the above
Correct Answer

A. All of the above

Explanation

Tears have multiple functions. They lubricate the eye, preventing dryness and friction. They also wash away debris, such as dust or foreign particles, keeping the eye clean. Tears provide oxygen to the cornea, which is important for its health and function. Additionally, tears nourish the cornea and conjunctiva, providing essential nutrients for their well-being. Therefore, the correct answer is "all of the above".

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3
7.

A loud noise causes
- A large movement of the tympanic membrane.
- An alerting reaction leading to sympathetic activation.
- A large number of hair cells to be stimulated.
- A big pressure pulse entering the cochlear duct at that oval window.
- All of the above.
Correct Answer

A. All of the above.

Explanation

A loud noise can cause a large movement of the tympanic membrane, leading to the activation of a large number of hair cells in the cochlea. This stimulation of hair cells sends signals to the brain, triggering an alerting reaction and sympathetic activation. Additionally, the loud noise can create a big pressure pulse that enters the cochlear duct through the oval window. Therefore, all of the given options are correct and can occur as a result of a loud noise.

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2
8.

Identify the structure labeled "7."
- Choroid
- Optic disc
- Sclera
- Retina
- Cornea
Correct Answer

A. Cornea

Explanation

The structure labeled "7" is the cornea. The cornea is the transparent, dome-shaped front surface of the eye that covers the iris and the pupil. It plays a crucial role in focusing light and protecting the eye from foreign objects and damage.

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2
9.

The shape of the lens is controlled by the
- Pupillary sphincter muscles.
- Pupillary radial muscles.
- Ciliary muscles.
- Iris.
- None of the above
Correct Answer

A. Ciliary muscles.

Explanation

The ciliary muscles are responsible for controlling the shape of the lens. When these muscles contract, the lens becomes thicker, allowing for near vision. When the muscles relax, the lens becomes thinner, allowing for distant vision. The pupillary sphincter muscles control the size of the pupil, the pupillary radial muscles control the dilation of the pupil, and the iris is the colored part of the eye that surrounds the pupil. Therefore, the correct answer is ciliary muscles.

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1
10.

The external ear ends at the
- Vestibule.
- Cochlea.
- Ossicles.
- Tympanic membrane.
- Pinna.
Correct Answer

A. Tympanic membrane.

Explanation

The external ear refers to the part of the ear that is visible on the outside of the head. It includes the pinna, which is the fleshy, cartilaginous structure that helps collect sound waves. The external ear ends at the tympanic membrane, also known as the eardrum. This thin, delicate membrane separates the external ear from the middle ear and plays a crucial role in transmitting sound vibrations to the middle ear.

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2
11.

An area of the retina that contains only cones and is the site of sharpest vision is the
- Outer segment.
- Inner segment.
- Fovea.
- Optic disc.
- Tapetum lucidum.
Correct Answer

A. Fovea.

Explanation

The fovea is an area of the retina that contains only cones, which are responsible for color vision and sharp visual acuity. This region is the site of sharpest vision because it has a high concentration of cones, allowing for detailed and clear perception of objects. The outer segment and inner segment refer to different parts of the photoreceptor cells in the retina. The optic disc is the area where the optic nerve exits the eye and does not contain any photoreceptor cells. The tapetum lucidum is a reflective layer found in the eyes of some animals, but it is not related to sharp vision in humans.

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4
12.

The sensory neurons within the olfactory organ are stimulated by ________ in the air.
- Pressure
- Chemicals
- Proteins
- Water
- Dust
Correct Answer

A. Chemicals

Explanation

The sensory neurons within the olfactory organ are stimulated by chemicals in the air. This is because the olfactory organ, which is responsible for our sense of smell, contains specialized receptors that detect and respond to different chemical molecules. When these molecules are present in the air, they bind to the receptors on the sensory neurons, triggering a signal that is sent to the brain, allowing us to perceive and identify different smells.

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4
13.

The vibrations received by the tympanic membrane are transferred to the oval window by the
- Auditory ossicles.
- Cochlea.
- Oval window.
- Tensor tympani.
- Stapedius muscle.
Correct Answer

A. Auditory ossicles.

Explanation

The vibrations received by the tympanic membrane need to be transferred to the oval window in order for sound to be transmitted to the inner ear. The auditory ossicles, which include the malleus, incus, and stapes, are a chain of small bones in the middle ear that help amplify and transmit these vibrations. They connect the tympanic membrane to the oval window, allowing the vibrations to be efficiently transferred and transmitted to the cochlea for further processing.

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2
14.

When a rod is stimulated by light,
- Ganglion cells pick up changes in activity in the bipolar cells.
- The retinal changes to a more linear shape.
- Neurotransmitter release changes.
- Na+ permeability changes.
- All of the above
Correct Answer

A. All of the above

Explanation

When a rod is stimulated by light, all of the above mentioned changes occur. Ganglion cells pick up changes in activity in the bipolar cells, the retinal changes to a more linear shape, neurotransmitter release changes, and Na+ permeability changes. These changes are all part of the process of signal transmission from the rod to the ganglion cells, which ultimately leads to the perception of light.

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3
15.

The ________ ear collects sounds waves and transmits them to the ________ ear, which contains auditory ossicles.
- Inner; middle
- Outer; middle
- Outer; inner
- Middle; inner
- None of the above
Correct Answer

A. Outer; middle

Explanation

The outer ear collects sound waves and funnels them into the ear canal. These sound waves then travel through the ear canal and reach the middle ear, where the auditory ossicles are located. The auditory ossicles consist of three small bones called the malleus, incus, and stapes, which transmit the sound vibrations to the inner ear. Therefore, the correct answer is outer; middle.

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1
16.

The opening in the iris through which light passes is the
- Conjunctiva.
- Cornea.
- Pupil.
- Anterior chamber.
- Posterior chamber.
Correct Answer

A. Pupil.

Explanation

The opening in the iris through which light passes is called the pupil. The iris is the colored part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil. When the iris muscles contract, the pupil becomes smaller, and when they relax, the pupil becomes larger. This mechanism helps regulate the amount of light that enters the eye.

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1
17.

The gelatinous material found in the posterior cavity is the
- Vitreous humor.
- Aqueous humor.
- Ora serrata.
- Perilymph.
- Posterior cavity.
Correct Answer

A. Vitreous humor.

Explanation

The gelatinous material found in the posterior cavity is called the vitreous humor. This clear, jelly-like substance fills the space between the lens and the retina in the eye. It helps maintain the shape of the eye and provides support to the delicate structures within the eye. The vitreous humor also helps transmit light to the retina and contributes to the overall refractive power of the eye.

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2
18.

The first step in the process of photoreception is
- The bleaching of rods.
- The bleaching of cones.
- Absorption of a photon by a visual pigment.
- Inhibition of the sodium pumps.
- Release of neurotransmitter.
Correct Answer

A. Absorption of a photon by a visual pigment.

Explanation

Photoreception is the process by which light is detected and converted into electrical signals by specialized cells called photoreceptors in the retina of the eye. The first step in this process is the absorption of a photon, which is a particle of light, by a visual pigment. This absorption triggers a series of chemical reactions that ultimately result in the generation of electrical signals that are sent to the brain for further processing and interpretation. The bleaching of rods and cones, inhibition of sodium pumps, and release of neurotransmitter are all subsequent steps in the photoreception process.

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3
19.

The auditory ossicles connect the
- Tympanic membrane to the oval window.
- Tympanic membrane to the round window.
- Oval window to the round window.
- Stapedius to the tympanic membrane.
- Otitis to the media.
Correct Answer

A. Tympanic membrane to the oval window.

Explanation

The auditory ossicles, which consist of the malleus, incus, and stapes, connect the tympanic membrane (eardrum) to the oval window. The tympanic membrane vibrates when sound waves hit it, and these vibrations are then transmitted through the ossicles to the oval window. The oval window is a membrane-covered opening in the cochlea, the fluid-filled structure of the inner ear. When the vibrations reach the oval window, they create fluid waves in the cochlea, which ultimately lead to the stimulation of auditory receptors and the perception of sound.

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2
20.

The neural tunic
- Contains ganglion cells.
- Contains the photoreceptor cells.
- Contains axons.
- All of the above
- None of the above
Correct Answer

A. All of the above

Explanation

The neural tunic refers to the innermost layer of the eye, also known as the retina. This layer contains ganglion cells, which transmit visual information from the photoreceptor cells to the brain. Additionally, the photoreceptor cells, including rods and cones, are also located in the neural tunic. Lastly, the neural tunic contains axons, which are nerve fibers that transmit signals from the ganglion cells to the brain. Therefore, all of the given options are correct, as they accurately describe components found in the neural tunic.

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2
21.

The transparent portion of the fibrous tunic is the
- Conjunctiva.
- Cornea.
- Iris.
- Pupil.
- Canthus.
Correct Answer

A. Cornea.

Explanation

The transparent portion of the fibrous tunic refers to the cornea. The cornea is the clear, dome-shaped surface that covers the front of the eye. It plays a crucial role in focusing light onto the retina and protecting the inner structures of the eye. The conjunctiva is a thin, clear membrane that covers the front of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids. The iris is the colored part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil. The pupil is the black hole in the center of the iris that allows light to enter the eye. The canthus refers to the corner of the eye where the upper and lower eyelids meet.

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22.

The function of gustatory receptors parallels that of
- Light receptors in the eye.
- Mechanoreceptors in the ear.
- Olfactory receptors.
- Lamellated corpuscles.
- Meissner corpuscles.
Correct Answer

A. Olfactory receptors.

Explanation

The function of gustatory receptors is similar to that of olfactory receptors. Both types of receptors are involved in the perception of different sensory stimuli. Gustatory receptors are responsible for detecting taste, while olfactory receptors are responsible for detecting smell. Both types of receptors play a crucial role in our ability to perceive and distinguish different flavors and smells.

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23.

How would a molecule that mimics cAMP affect an olfactory receptor?
- It would increase sodium permeability.
- It would open chemically gated sodium channels.
- It would depolarize the olfactory receptor.
- It could trigger an afferent action potential.
- All of the above
Correct Answer

A. All of the above

Explanation

A molecule that mimics cAMP would affect an olfactory receptor by increasing sodium permeability, opening chemically gated sodium channels, depolarizing the olfactory receptor, and potentially triggering an afferent action potential.

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1
24.

The middle ear communicates with the nasopharynx through the
- Auricle.
- Membranous labyrinth.
- Bony labyrinth.
- Auditory tube.
- Auditory meatus.
Correct Answer

A. Auditory tube.

Explanation

The middle ear communicates with the nasopharynx through the auditory tube. The auditory tube, also known as the Eustachian tube, connects the middle ear to the back of the throat. This tube helps equalize the pressure between the middle ear and the atmosphere, allowing for proper hearing and preventing damage to the eardrum.

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25.

Identify the structure labeled "9."
- Suspensory ligaments
- Optic disc
- Sclera
- Fovea
- Pupil
Correct Answer

A. Suspensory ligaments

Explanation

The structure labeled "9." in the given options is the suspensory ligaments.

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26.

What structure changes the shape of the lens for far and near vision?
- Aqueous humor
- Ciliary body
- Iris
- Extrinsic eye muscles
- None, because the lens is rigid.
Correct Answer

A. Ciliary body

Explanation

The ciliary body is responsible for changing the shape of the lens for far and near vision. This structure contains the ciliary muscle, which contracts and relaxes to adjust the tension on the suspensory ligaments that hold the lens in place. When the ciliary muscle contracts, it loosens the tension on the suspensory ligaments, allowing the lens to become more rounded for near vision. When the ciliary muscle relaxes, the tension on the suspensory ligaments increases, causing the lens to flatten for far vision.

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1
27.

Which structure contains the receptors for hearing?
- 6
- 8
- 9
- 10
- 11
Correct Answer

A. 11

Explanation

Structure 11 contains the receptors for hearing.

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6
28.

Which structure is known as the vestibule?
- 6
- 8
- 9
- 10
- 11
Correct Answer

A. 6
29.

Identify the structure labeled "14."
- Pupil
- Optic disc
- Sclera
- Fovea
- Suspensory ligaments
Correct Answer

A. Fovea

Explanation

The structure labeled "14." is the fovea. The fovea is a small depression in the retina of the eye that contains a high concentration of cone cells, which are responsible for detailed and color vision. It is located at the center of the macula and is responsible for our central vision and visual acuity.

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1
30.

The cornea is part of the
- Fibrous tunic.
- Iris.
- Neural tunic.
- Uvea.
- Fibrous tunic and neural tunic.
Correct Answer

A. Fibrous tunic.

Explanation

The cornea is part of the fibrous tunic. The fibrous tunic is the outermost layer of the eye and consists of the cornea and the sclera. The cornea is a transparent, dome-shaped structure that covers the front of the eye and helps to focus incoming light onto the retina. It is made up of layers of collagen fibers and is responsible for most of the eye's refractive power. Therefore, it is correct to say that the cornea is part of the fibrous tunic.

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1
31.

Identify the structure labeled "12."
- Pupil
- Optic disc
- Sclera
- Fovea
- Retina
Correct Answer

A. Retina

Explanation

The structure labeled "12" is the retina. The retina is a layer of tissue located at the back of the eye that contains light-sensitive cells called photoreceptors. These photoreceptors, known as rods and cones, convert light into electrical signals that are sent to the brain through the optic nerve, allowing us to see. The retina also contains other layers of cells that help process and transmit visual information.

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3
32.

There are three different types of cones, each one sensitive to different light energies. These cones are designated
- Red, yellow, and blue.
- Red, green, and blue.
- Red, green, and yellow.
- Yellow, red, and blue.
- Red, white, and blue.
Correct Answer

A. Red, green, and blue.

Explanation

The statement mentions that there are three different types of cones, each one sensitive to different light energies. The cones are designated as red, green, and blue. This suggests that the correct answer is "red, green, and blue" because these are the three colors mentioned in the statement as the types of cones.

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1
33.

Which of the following is true about rhodopsin?
- Called visual purple
- Bleached during photoreception
- Is the visual pigment in rods
- Consists of opsin + retinal
- All of the above
Correct Answer

A. All of the above

Explanation

Rhodopsin is a visual pigment found in the rods of the retina. It is often referred to as visual purple and is responsible for the initial steps of photoreception. Rhodopsin consists of two components, opsin and retinal, which work together to detect light and initiate the process of vision. Therefore, all of the given statements about rhodopsin are true.

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1
34.

Taste receptors are distributed in which of the following places?
- Surface of the epiglottis
- Surface of the tongue
- Portions of the pharynx
- All of the above
- None of the above
Correct Answer

A. All of the above

Explanation

Taste receptors are distributed in all of the mentioned places, including the surface of the epiglottis, surface of the tongue, and portions of the pharynx. These taste receptors are responsible for detecting different tastes and sending signals to the brain to interpret them.

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1
35.

Which of these anatomical sequences is correct?
- Tympanum - incus - malleus - stapes - oval window - round window
- Tympanum - incus - malleus - stapes - round window - oval window
- Tympanum - malleus - incus - stapes - oval window - round window
- Tympanum - incus - stapes - malleus - oval window - round window
- Tympanum - malleus - incus - stapes - round window - oval window
Correct Answer

A. Tympanum - malleus - incus - stapes - oval window - round window

Explanation

The correct answer is "tympanum - malleus - incus - stapes - oval window - round window". This sequence follows the correct order of the anatomical structures involved in the transmission of sound in the middle ear. The tympanum (eardrum) vibrates when sound waves hit it, which in turn causes the malleus (hammer) to move. The malleus then transfers the vibrations to the incus (anvil), which passes them on to the stapes (stirrup). The stapes then transmits the vibrations to the oval window, which leads to the inner ear. Finally, the round window acts as a pressure relief valve for the fluid-filled cochlea.

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36.

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term ossicles?
- Move up and down when the stapes moves back and forth
- Transmit movement of the tympanic membrane to the inner ear
- Bending these produces receptor potential in hair cells
- Tiny weights necessary for the static sense of equilibrium
- Seal the oval window
Correct Answer

A. Transmit movement of the tympanic membrane to the inner ear

Explanation

The term ossicles refers to the tiny bones in the middle ear that transmit the movement of the tympanic membrane (eardrum) to the inner ear. These ossicles include the malleus, incus, and stapes, which work together to amplify and transmit sound vibrations from the eardrum to the cochlea in the inner ear. This allows for the conversion of sound waves into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the brain.

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5
37.

The ________ convey(s) information about head position with respect to gravity.
- Cochlea
- Utricle
- Ampulla
- Saccule
- Utricle and saccule
Correct Answer

A. Utricle and saccule

Explanation

The utricle and saccule are parts of the inner ear that are responsible for conveying information about head position with respect to gravity. They contain specialized sensory cells and tiny calcium carbonate crystals called otoliths, which detect changes in head position and movement. When the head moves, the otoliths move and stimulate the sensory cells, sending signals to the brain about the direction and speed of movement. This information helps us maintain balance and coordinate our movements.

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3
38.

The quantity of neurotransmitter that is released by a hair cell
- Responds to almost any mechanical stimulation of the hair cell.
- Is sensitive to which way stereocilia are bent with respect to the kinocilium.
- Determines if a sensory neuron will be excited.
- All of the above
- None of the above
Correct Answer

A. All of the above

Explanation

The correct answer is "all of the above" because the quantity of neurotransmitter released by a hair cell can respond to almost any mechanical stimulation of the hair cell. It is also sensitive to the way stereocilia are bent with respect to the kinocilium, and it determines if a sensory neuron will be excited. Therefore, all of the given options are correct explanations for the quantity of neurotransmitter released by a hair cell.

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4
39.

When all three cone populations are stimulated equally, we perceive
- Red.
- Blue.
- Green.
- White.
- Blackness.
Correct Answer

A. White.

Explanation

When all three cone populations are stimulated equally, the combination of the three primary colors (red, blue, and green) results in the perception of white. This is because white light contains a balanced mixture of all the visible colors.

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2
40.

Olfactory receptors send axons through the cribriform plate. They synapse on neurons in the
- Medulla oblongata.
- Medial geniculate.
- Cerebral cortex.
- Olfactory bulb.
- Olfactory tract.
Correct Answer

A. Olfactory bulb.

Explanation

The olfactory receptors in the nose send their axons through the cribriform plate, which is a bony structure in the skull. These axons then synapse on neurons in the olfactory bulb, which is located at the front of the brain. The olfactory bulb is responsible for processing and relaying olfactory information to other parts of the brain, including the cerebral cortex, where the perception of smell occurs. Therefore, the correct answer is olfactory bulb.

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1
41.

The senses of equilibrium and hearing are provided by receptors of the
- Membranous endolymph.
- Organ of Schlemm.
- Inner ear.
- Bony labyrinth.
- Perilymph.
Correct Answer

A. Inner ear.

Explanation

The correct answer is "inner ear" because the senses of equilibrium and hearing are both provided by receptors located within the inner ear. The inner ear contains structures such as the cochlea, which is responsible for hearing, and the vestibular system, which is responsible for balance and equilibrium. These structures are filled with fluid called endolymph, which helps transmit sound waves and detect changes in head position and movement. The inner ear is an essential part of our auditory and vestibular systems, allowing us to perceive sound and maintain our balance.

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1
42.

The taste sensation that is triggered by the amino acids and small peptides is known as
- Sweet.
- Umami.
- Salty.
- Peppery.
- Sour.
Correct Answer

A. Umami.

Explanation

Umami is the taste sensation that is triggered by the amino acids and small peptides. It is often described as a savory or meaty taste and is commonly found in foods such as meat, fish, mushrooms, and soy sauce. Umami is one of the five basic tastes, along with sweet, salty, sour, and bitter.

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6
43.

A sound with a frequency of 12,000 hertz would
- Be very loud.
- Be barely audible.
- Be high-pitched.
- Be low-pitched.
- Be barely audible and low-pitched.
Correct Answer

A. Be high-pitched.

Explanation

A sound with a frequency of 12,000 hertz would be high-pitched. Frequency is the number of cycles per second in a sound wave, and hertz is the unit used to measure frequency. Higher frequencies correspond to higher pitches, while lower frequencies correspond to lower pitches. Therefore, a sound with a frequency of 12,000 hertz would be considered high-pitched.

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3
44.

Pupillary muscle groups are controlled by the ANS. Parasympathetic activation causes pupillary ________, and sympathetic activation causes ________.
- Dilation; constriction
- Dilation; dilation
- Constriction; dilation
- Constriction; constriction
- Vasoconstriction; vasoconstriction
Correct Answer

A. Constriction; dilation

Explanation

The pupillary muscle groups are controlled by the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Parasympathetic activation causes pupillary constriction, which means the pupils become smaller. On the other hand, sympathetic activation causes pupillary dilation, which means the pupils become larger.

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3
45.

The space between the cornea and the iris is the
- Anterior chamber.
- Posterior chamber.
- Canal of Schlemm.
- Aqueous humor.
- Pupil.
Correct Answer

A. Anterior chamber.

Explanation

The space between the cornea and the iris is known as the anterior chamber. This chamber is filled with a clear fluid called aqueous humor, which helps maintain the shape of the eye and provides nutrients to the cornea and lens. The anterior chamber plays a crucial role in regulating the intraocular pressure and maintaining the overall health of the eye.

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3
46.

Gravity and linear acceleration are sensed in the
- Semicircular canals.
- Cochlea.
- Statoconia.
- Saccule and utricle.
- Organ of Corti.
Correct Answer

A. Saccule and utricle.

Explanation

The saccule and utricle are responsible for sensing gravity and linear acceleration. These structures are part of the vestibular system, which is located in the inner ear. The semicircular canals, cochlea, statoconia, and organ of Corti have different functions and are not involved in sensing gravity and linear acceleration.

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1
47.

Identify the structure that is covered up by the stapes.
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 8
- 9
Correct Answer

A. 4
48.

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term stereocilia?
- Move up and down when the stapes moves back and forth
- Transmit movement of the tympanic membrane to the inner ear
- Bending these produces receptor potential in hair cells
- Iny weights necessary for the static sense of equilibrium
- Seal the oval window
Correct Answer

A. Bending these produces receptor potential in hair cells

Explanation

Stereocilia are tiny hair-like projections found on the hair cells in the inner ear. When these stereocilia are bent, it triggers a receptor potential in the hair cells, which is an electrical signal that is then transmitted to the brain for interpretation. This bending of stereocilia is essential for the process of hearing and is responsible for converting sound vibrations into electrical signals that can be understood by the brain.

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2
49.

Which of the following is true of the vascular tunic of the eye?
- Provides a route for blood vessels and lymphatics that supply tissues of the eye
- Regulates the amount of light entering the eye
- Secretes and reabsorbs the aqueous humor
- Controls the shape of the lens
- All of the above
Correct Answer

A. All of the above

Explanation

The vascular tunic of the eye, also known as the uvea, is responsible for providing a route for blood vessels and lymphatics that supply tissues of the eye. It also regulates the amount of light entering the eye through the iris, which controls the size of the pupil. Additionally, the vascular tunic secretes and reabsorbs the aqueous humor, a fluid that helps maintain the shape of the eye and provides nutrients to the cornea and lens. Therefore, all of the given options are true statements about the vascular tunic of the eye.

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