इयत्ता ८ वी इतिहास पाठ ३

Explanation
The given question states that Portuguese, French, and British competed to establish their dominance in the Indian market. The correct answer is "डच" (Dutch) because during the colonial period, the Dutch East India Company had a significant presence in India and competed with other European powers for control over trade and territories.

Explanation
In 1802, the Peshwa entered into a treaty with the English to deploy their army. The question asks for the person who signed this treaty, and the correct answer is "दुसरा बाजीराव" (Dusara Bajirao).

Explanation
जमशेदजी टाटा यांनी जमशेदपूर येथे टाटा आयर्न अँड स्टील कंपनी चा पोलाद निर्मितीचा कारखाना स्थापन केला।

Explanation
The given statement in Marathi language states that the main center of English people in Western India was Mumbai.

Explanation
The given question is incomplete and not readable, so it is difficult to generate an explanation for the correct answer.

Explanation
In 1802, the second Bajirao Peshwa made a treaty with the English to establish his own army. Therefore, the statement "१८०२ मध्ये दुसऱ्या बाजीराव पेशव्यांनी इंग्रजांशी तनाची फौजेचा करार केला" is true.

Explanation
In 1784, the Pitt's India Act was passed, which was a legislation related to the governance of British India. This act was introduced by William Pitt the Younger and it aimed to reform the administration of the East India Company. The act gave the British government more control over the company's affairs and established a Board of Control to oversee its actions. Therefore, it can be inferred that the statement "१७८४ मध्ये पीट चा भारत विषयक कायदा मंजूर झाला" (The Pitt's India Act was approved in 1784) is true.

Explanation
The statement in the question states that Eastern farmers do not primarily grow food crops. The correct answer is False, which means that the statement is not true. This implies that Eastern farmers do primarily grow food crops.

Explanation
The explanation for the given correct answer is that during the British rule in India, English education was promoted and encouraged by the British administration. They believed that teaching English to the Indians would make them more efficient in administration and governance. English education was seen as a means to train Indians to work in administrative positions and serve the British government. Therefore, it can be inferred that the British felt the need for Indians to have English education in order to effectively run the administration.

Explanation
During the 1900s, India faced a major famine. The question asks about the time period when India experienced a severe calamity. The correct answer is 1860 because it was during this time that India faced a significant famine known as the Great Famine of 1860. This famine resulted in widespread starvation and deaths in various parts of the country, particularly in the regions of Bengal, Bihar, and Odisha. The famine was caused by a combination of factors such as crop failure, drought, and economic policies that worsened the situation for the affected population.

Explanation
लॉर्ड मेकॉले is the correct answer because he was the person who initiated English education in India in 1835. The other options, उमाजी नाईक and विल्यम जोन्स, are not historically known for their role in introducing English education in India.