What Do You Know About Chipko Movement?

Explanation
The Chipko movement originated in the Khejarli village of Rajasthan in 1730 AD. This movement was a grassroots environmental movement where local communities protested against deforestation and the destruction of forests. The villagers hugged the trees to prevent them from being cut down, hence the name "Chipko" which means "to hug" in Hindi. This movement gained widespread attention and became a symbol of environmental protection and community activism.

Explanation
The Bishnois sacrificed their lives to save the Khejri tree. The Bishnois are a community in India who follow a strict code of conduct that includes protecting the environment and all living beings. The Khejri tree holds great cultural and ecological significance for the Bishnois, as it provides food, shelter, and other resources to the local ecosystem. Therefore, when faced with the threat of the tree being cut down, the Bishnois made the ultimate sacrifice to protect it.

Explanation
The question asks for the year in which a movement began in Uttarakhand, India, which later became a rallying point for future movements worldwide. The correct answer is 1973.

Explanation
The correct answer is India. India is the correct answer because it is widely known for its non-violent protests, particularly led by Mahatma Gandhi during the Indian independence movement. These protests served as a precedent for other countries and regions in Asia, including Nepal and Bengal, to adopt non-violent means of protest in their struggles for independence and social change.

Explanation
The Chipko Andolan movement practiced methods of Satyagraha. Satyagraha is a nonviolent resistance or civil disobedience, which was a key element of the movement. The Chipko Andolan movement involved hugging trees to prevent them from being cut down, as a form of protest against deforestation and ecological destruction. This method was based on the principles of nonviolence and peaceful resistance, which are the core principles of Satyagraha.

Explanation
Ecofeminism is the correct answer because it is a philosophy that combines environmentalism and feminism. It recognizes the interconnectedness between the oppression of women and the destruction of the environment. Ecofeminism advocates for a more sustainable and just society that respects both women and nature. The phrase "Beyond the eco-socialism hue" suggests that the answer goes beyond just socialism and encompasses a broader perspective that includes both environmental and feminist concerns.

Explanation
Cutting down of trees leads to a decrease in the availability of firewood, as trees are a major source of fuel. It also results in a reduction in fodder for animals, as trees provide leaves and branches that can be used as feed. Additionally, deforestation can lead to a decrease in water availability, as trees play a crucial role in regulating the water cycle and preventing soil erosion. Therefore, all of the options mentioned (planting, crop nursery, and irrigation) are necessary to mitigate the negative effects of cutting down trees and ensure the availability of firewood, fodder, and drinking water.

Explanation
The Chipko movement, which originated in the 1970s in India, was a nonviolent protest against deforestation and the destruction of forests. It involved hugging or embracing trees to prevent them from being cut down. The movement gained international recognition for its efforts in environmental conservation and sustainable development. In recognition of its significant contribution, the Chipko movement was awarded the Right Livelihood Award in the year 1987.

Explanation
The Chipko movement, which aimed to protect forests from deforestation, was inspired by Jayaprakash Narayan and the Sarvodaya movement. It originated in the year 1946, as a response to the increasing commercial logging activities in the Himalayan region. The movement gained momentum when local communities, primarily women, hugged the trees to prevent them from being cut down. Their nonviolent protests and strong connection to the environment brought attention to the importance of conserving forests and led to the formulation of policies for sustainable forest management.

Explanation
The correct answer is Chandi Prasad Bhatt. This is because the question states that their first project was a small workshop making farm tools for local use, and Chandi Prasad Bhatt is the only option provided that matches this description.