PRAXIS II Plt 5-9 Test Prep

Explanation
Children's peer groups are typically formed based on common interests, backgrounds, and social status. However, family is not usually a factor that determines similarity within peer groups, as children can come from different family backgrounds and still be part of the same peer group.

Explanation
A small group defined by common interest is called a clique. Cliques are typically formed by individuals who share similar interests, hobbies, or activities. They often have a strong bond and tend to spend a lot of time together. Cliques can be found in various settings such as schools, workplaces, or social circles. They provide a sense of belonging and support for their members.

Explanation
The normal, maximum number of children cliques is 12 members. This means that in a group of children, the largest subgroup or clique that can be formed is 12 members. Any subgroup larger than 12 would not be considered a normal, maximum number of children cliques.

Explanation
Mark Stober was not a developmental psychologist. While Lev Vygotsky, Harry Sullivan, and Erik Erikson were all well-known developmental psychologists who made significant contributions to the field, there is no record or evidence of Mark Stober being a developmental psychologist. Therefore, Mark Stober is the correct answer as he does not fit into the category of developmental psychologists.

Explanation
Erikson's stages of psychosocial development consist of 8 stages. These stages are a series of psychological and social challenges that individuals go through from infancy to adulthood. Each stage represents a different conflict that needs to be resolved for healthy development. These stages include Trust vs. Mistrust, Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, Initiative vs. Guilt, Industry vs. Inferiority, Identity vs. Role Confusion, Intimacy vs. Isolation, Generativity vs. Stagnation, and Ego Integrity vs. Despair. Each stage builds upon the previous one and contributes to the overall development of an individual's personality.

Explanation
The first stage of children's moral development is the pre-conditional stage. This stage is characterized by a focus on obedience and avoiding punishment. Children at this stage are primarily motivated by self-interest and do not yet have a developed sense of empathy or consideration for others. They adhere to rules and expectations because they fear the consequences of not doing so. As they progress through this stage, they begin to understand that actions have consequences and develop a basic understanding of right and wrong.

Explanation
The latency stage is a stage of psychosexual development proposed by Sigmund Freud. It occurs between the ages of 6 and 12 years. During this stage, there is a decrease in sexual impulses and a focus on developing social skills, intellectual abilities, and self-confidence. Children in this stage may also engage in activities such as schoolwork, hobbies, and friendships. Therefore, the correct age group for the latency stage is 6-12 years.

Explanation
Thomas Sullivan developed the theory of interpersonal relations in children.

Explanation
George Mead developed the theory of social behaviorism in children. Social behaviorism focuses on how social interactions and the environment shape a child's behavior and development. Mead believed that children learn through socialization and imitation of others, and that their sense of self is formed through interactions with others in society. This theory emphasizes the importance of social interaction and the role it plays in shaping a child's behavior and understanding of the world.

Explanation
When children transition into groups, the stage of socialization becomes irrelevant. Socialization refers to the process of learning and adopting social norms, values, and behaviors. However, when children are already transitioning into groups, they have likely already gone through the socialization process to some extent. At this stage, their focus is more on maintaining relationships, remembering previous experiences, and investigating new things within the group. Socialization has already taken place, making it irrelevant in this particular context.