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The correct answer is "Resolver". A resolver is a client component of the DNS service that is responsible for sending DNS queries to DNS servers and receiving the corresponding DNS responses. It acts as an intermediary between the user or application and the DNS server, translating domain names into IP addresses. The resolver is an essential part of the DNS system, ensuring that users can access websites and other online services by resolving domain names to their corresponding IP addresses.

User services in the internet communication model are implemented at the application layer. This layer is responsible for providing services directly to the end user, such as email, web browsing, and file transfer. It interacts with the lower layers of the model to establish communication and ensure reliable data transfer. The application layer protocols include HTTP, FTP, SMTP, and DNS, among others.

NAT (Network Address Translation) is mainly used for multiple-homed network members. This means that when multiple devices are connected to a network, NAT allows them to share a single public IP address. NAT translates the private IP addresses of each device into the public IP address when communicating with external networks. This helps conserve public IP addresses and enhances network security by hiding the internal network structure.

The correct answer is "рутирање" (routing). This function enables communication between two neighboring networks and is specific to multi-homed members. Routing involves the process of determining the best path for data packets to travel from the source network to the destination network. It ensures that data is delivered efficiently and accurately across different networks.

The given question asks how many years it took for the first 50 million Internet users to be reached. The correct answer is "5 година" which means "5 years" in English. This suggests that it took 5 years from the inception of the Internet for the first 50 million users to be achieved.

This question is in Serbian and it asks for an example of placing Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) packets into Internet Protocol (IP) packets. The correct answer is "инкапсулације" (encapsulation). Encapsulation refers to the process of adding headers and trailers to the data at each layer of the network protocol stack as it travels from the higher layers to the lower layers. In this case, TCP packets are encapsulated into IP packets by adding IP headers and trailers to ensure proper routing and delivery of the data over the internet.

The correct answer is "још увек актуелни, са вишим приоритетом од DNS сервиса." This means that the host files are still relevant and have a higher priority than DNS services. This suggests that the host files are being used to resolve domain names instead of relying solely on DNS services.

The correct answer includes the domain names "Rs," "срб," and "Me." These domain names are examples of top-level domains (TLDs) that are specific to countries or regions. "Rs" is the TLD for Serbia, "срб" is the TLD for the Serbian language, and "Me" is the TLD for Montenegro. These TLDs are used to identify websites that are associated with these particular countries or languages.

The correct answer is "девет". The question states that a new computer is being added to the network, and symbolic addressing of the members is done through the "hosts" file. Since there are eight computers already in the network, the administrator will have to modify the content of the "hosts" file on all nine computers in order to include the new computer's symbolic address.

The TTL field in the Internet Protocol header indicates the remaining number of allowed hops for the packet. It is used to prevent packets from circulating indefinitely in the network by decrementing the TTL value at each hop. When the TTL reaches zero, the packet is discarded. Therefore, the correct answer is "преостали број дозвољених скокова пакета" which translates to "remaining number of allowed hops for the packet".

The term "инкапсулација" refers to vertical communication in computer networks. This means that it involves the transfer of data or information between different levels or layers of a network hierarchy. Vertical communication can occur between devices or components within the same network layer, or between different layers of the network protocol stack. It is an important aspect of network communication as it allows for the efficient and organized transfer of data between different network entities.

The correct answer is "прималац". In the given example of an email address, "прималац" represents the recipient or the person who is receiving the email. The other elements in the email address are the "@" symbol, which separates the recipient from the domain, and "домен.срб", which represents the domain name. Therefore, "прималац" is the correct answer as it refers to the recipient in the email address.

The main functions of the Internet protocol include addressing remote networks and computers, as well as fragmenting data. Addressing remote networks and computers involves assigning unique identifiers to each network and computer on the Internet so that they can communicate with each other. Fragmenting data refers to breaking down large packets of data into smaller pieces for efficient transmission over the network.

The correct answer is "протокола за контролу преноса (ТСР)". When it comes to transmitting data that is sensitive to changes, the use of the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is implied. TCP is a reliable and connection-oriented protocol that ensures the delivery of data packets in the correct order and without loss or duplication. It also provides error checking and flow control mechanisms, making it suitable for transmitting sensitive data that requires accuracy and integrity.

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is a commonly used protocol for sending email messages between servers. It is responsible for the transmission of email messages from the sender's email client to the recipient's email server. SMTP ensures that the email message is properly formatted and delivered to the correct recipient's server. It is widely supported by email servers and clients, making it the most suitable answer for the given question. POP3, IMAP, HTTP, and FTP are not specifically designed for email transmission and do not serve the same purpose as SMTP.

The correct answer is "део који одређује мрежу, део који одређује члана мреже" which translates to "the part that determines the network, the part that determines the member of the network." This is because in IPv4 addresses, the network portion identifies the network to which the device belongs, while the host portion identifies the specific device within that network.

The correct answer is "Протокол за пренос хипер-текста (НТТР)". This is because the question is asking for the protocol that operates at the application layer, and HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is the protocol used for transmitting hypertext over the internet. The other options mentioned, such as Ethernet, Internet Protocol, and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), are protocols that operate at lower layers of the network stack.

When it comes to transmitting delay-sensitive data, the use of the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is implied. UDP is a connectionless protocol that does not provide error checking or flow control, but it is faster and more efficient for real-time applications such as streaming media or online gaming. TCP, Internet Protocol (IP), and Ethernet Protocol are not specifically designed for delay-sensitive data and may introduce additional latency or overhead.

The correct answer is "два" (two). This means that the entire process of resolving the query for the domain "singidunum.ac.rs" will be completed in two steps.

The correct answer is "сервис" because a software component that functions at the highest layer of the OSI model and does not possess a user interface is commonly referred to as a "service". Unlike an application, which typically has a user interface, a service operates in the background and provides specific functionality without direct user interaction. The term "комуникациони модел" refers to the communication model and is not applicable in this context.

The correct answer is 4 because the TCP/IP communication model defines four layers of communication. These layers include the network interface layer, internet layer, transport layer, and application layer. Each layer has its own specific functions and protocols to ensure efficient and reliable communication over the internet.

During the transmission of a packet through a multiple computer network without using address translation (NAT), the physical addresses will be changed. This means that the source and destination physical addresses will be modified as the packet travels through different network devices such as routers and switches. The logical addresses, which are typically IP addresses, and the symbolic addresses, which are not commonly used in networking, will remain the same.

The given correct answer states that the Internet Protocol address range 127.0.0.0/8 is intended for use within a local computer. This means that any IP address within this range is reserved for loopback testing, where a message sent to an IP address within this range is routed back to the same computer. This allows programs and processes on the computer to communicate with each other without the need for an external network connection.

The correct answer is POP3 and IMAP. These are both examples of email protocols used for receiving emails. SMTP is used for sending emails, HTTP is used for accessing websites, and FTP is used for transferring files.

The commonly used telecommunication infrastructures for connecting end users to Internet providers are the public telephone network and the cable television network. These networks provide reliable and widespread connectivity options for users to access the Internet.

The correct answer is ADSL and ISDN. ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) is a type of broadband internet connection that uses existing telephone lines to provide high-speed internet access. ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) is a set of communication standards that enables the transmission of voice, video, and data over digital telephone lines. Both ADSL and ISDN are examples of services that connect to internet providers using the public telephone network.

The correct answer is "вишеструког удомљавања" which translates to "multiple nesting" in English. This suggests that the model depicted on the diagram involves multiple levels or layers of nesting.

The correct answer is "систем доменских имена" (domain name system). The domain name system is responsible for translating symbolic addresses, such as domain names, into logical addresses, such as IP addresses. It is a hierarchical and distributed system that allows for the mapping of human-readable domain names to their corresponding IP addresses, enabling users to access websites and other resources on the internet using easy-to-remember names. The internet protocol (IP) and the address resolution protocol (ARP) are not directly responsible for translating symbolic addresses into logical addresses.

During packet transmission through a multiple computer network using address translation (NAT), both the physical and logical addresses will be changed. The physical address refers to the physical location of a device on the network, such as a MAC address, while the logical address is a network layer address, such as an IP address. The use of NAT involves translating the source and destination addresses in the packet to allow for communication between different network types or to hide the internal network structure.

The correct answer is "највишег слоја OSI модела чије пакете уређај разуме" which means "the highest layer of the OSI model whose packets the device understands". This suggests that the device determines its level based on the highest layer of the OSI model that it can comprehend. The OSI model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a communication system, and it consists of seven layers. Therefore, the device determines its level based on the highest layer it can understand within this model.

The term "декапсулација" refers to horizontal communication in computer networks. This means that it is the process of removing the headers and trailers from a packet as it travels across different layers of the network. This allows the data to be processed and understood by the receiving device. Vertical communication refers to the communication between different layers of the network protocol stack, while physical frames refer to the actual data transmission units in the network.

The correct answer is "Интернет протокол" (Internet Protocol). This protocol operates at the network layer and is responsible for routing packets across different networks in the internet. It provides the addressing and routing mechanisms that enable data to be transmitted between devices over the internet.

The correct answer is "пакет" (packet). In networking, a packet is the basic unit of data in the network layer. It contains the necessary information for routing and delivering data across a network. It is encapsulated within a frame (оквир) at the data link layer and may be further divided into segments (сегмент) at the transport layer. However, the main unit of data at the network layer is the packet.

Based on the given uniform resource identifier (URI), which includes a username and password, it can be concluded that user authentication is enabled. The username is "абв" and the password is "гдђ".

The correct answer is "система доменских имена" which translates to "domain name system" in English. The domain name system is necessary for the normal functioning of email services on the internet as it translates domain names (such as example.com) into IP addresses that computers can understand. This allows email messages to be properly routed and delivered to the correct email servers. The other options mentioned, IMAP protocol, desktop clients, and protocols that offer data encryption, are not essential components for the basic functioning of email services.

The given answer "оквир" is the correct answer because it is a term used in computer networking to refer to a unit of data that is transmitted between network devices. In the context of the question, which mentions "у јединицама величине бајта" (in units of bytes), it makes sense to use the term "оквир" as it represents a specific size of data transmission.

Since there are 8 computers already in the network and a new computer is being added, the symbolic addressing will be done for all 9 computers. Each computer will have its own entry in the hosts file, resulting in a total of 9 entries. However, since the hosts file needs to be updated for all the computers in the network, the total number of entries that will be added to the hosts files will be 9 x 2 = 18.

The correct answer is "јавна телефонска мрежа, фрејм релеј". For connecting geographically distant computer networks, the most commonly used technologies and infrastructures are public telephone networks and frame relay. Public telephone networks provide reliable and secure communication over long distances, while frame relay is a high-speed packet-switching technology that allows for efficient data transmission between networks. These technologies are preferred for their ability to establish connections between remote networks and ensure data transfer with minimal delay and loss.

The correct answer for this question is TCP/IP модел and Интернет модел. These models refer to the communication model of the Internet network. The TCP/IP model is a protocol suite that provides end-to-end communication across multiple networks, while the Интернет модел refers to the conceptual model of how the Internet works. Both models are used to understand and describe the various layers and protocols involved in transmitting data over the Internet.

The main task of the network layer in both the OSI and TCP/IP communication models is inter-network addressing. This layer is responsible for assigning unique addresses to devices on different networks, allowing them to communicate with each other. It ensures that data packets are properly routed across different networks to reach their intended destination.

In Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) networks, the first address in the range is the network address, which is used to identify the network itself. This address cannot be assigned to any individual device on the network. Similarly, the last address in the range is the broadcast address, which is used to send a message to all devices on the network. This address also cannot be assigned to any individual device. Therefore, the first address in the range (адреса мреже) and the last address in the range (емисиона адреса) cannot be used for addressing individual members in IPv4 networks.

The correct answer is "комуникација између различитих комуникационих слојева" which means "communication between different communication layers" in English. This refers to the vertical communication between the various layers of communication in an Internet network. Each layer has its own specific function and communicates with the adjacent layers to ensure the proper transmission of data. This vertical communication allows for the efficient and effective operation of the Internet network.

The correct answer is "сегмент" because in networking, a segment refers to the unit of data at the transport layer. It is created when a large amount of data from the application layer is divided into smaller segments for transmission over the network. These segments are then reassembled at the receiving end to reconstruct the original data.

The main criteria for categorizing computer telecommunications technologies at the 1st and 2nd layers of the OSI model are the type of data transmission media and the geographic area they cover. These criteria determine the physical means through which data is transmitted and the geographical range of the technology's coverage. Other factors such as security level, compliance with standards, user services provided, and support for packet data transmission may also be important but are not specifically mentioned in the question.

The correct answer is "слоја за приступ мрежи у Интернет моделу" which translates to "network access layer in the Internet model". The network access layer is responsible for addressing and accessing members within a local network. This layer handles tasks such as assigning IP addresses to devices and managing local network communication.

The correct answer is Ethernet. Ethernet is a technology that is used for connecting devices in a local area network (LAN). It is a layer 2 protocol in the Internet model, which means it operates at the data link layer. Ethernet is widely used for wired connections and provides a reliable and efficient means of transmitting data between devices. It uses a set of rules and protocols to govern how data is transmitted and received over a network.

The correct answer suggests that horizontal communication in communication models of Internet networks refers to communication between protocol implementations on different sides. This means that it involves communication between different entities or systems that are implementing the protocols on different sides of the network. It does not involve communication between network devices working at the same levels or between different communication layers.

The correct answer is "физички слој, слој везе" because these two layers of the OSI model are responsible for establishing and maintaining the physical connection between computers in a computer network. The physical layer deals with the actual transmission of data through physical media such as cables, while the data link layer manages the flow of data between adjacent nodes on a network. These layers are crucial for ensuring reliable and efficient communication between computers in a network.

The correct answer is "слој апликације, слој презентације, слој сесије" because these layers in the TCP/IP model correspond to the application layer, presentation layer, and session layer in the OSI model. These layers are responsible for managing the communication between applications on different devices, handling data formatting and encryption, and establishing and maintaining sessions between applications.

The correct answer is "физички слој, слој везе" because these two layers in the OSI model correspond to the "у слој приступа мрежи" in the TCP/IP model. The physical layer is responsible for the actual transmission of data over a physical medium, while the data link layer handles the reliable transmission of data between two directly connected nodes. Therefore, these two layers are combined in the TCP/IP model as the access layer.