Bash Scripting Quiz: Linux+ Automation Skills

1. Which of the following correctly redirects both stdout and stderr to a file?

Command > file 2> file

Command &> file

Command >> file 2>&1

Both b and c

Submit

6. What does the awk '{print $2}' command do?

Prints the entire second line

Prints the second field of each line

Prints lines containing the number 2

Prints the second word in the file

7. Which operator performs pattern matching in a Bash case statement?

==

=~

In

Match

8. What is the difference between single quotes and double quotes in Bash variable expansion?

Single quotes prevent variable expansion; double quotes allow it

Double quotes prevent variable expansion; single quotes allow it

Both allow variable expansion identically

Single quotes are used only for comments

9. In Bash functions, how do you return a value to the calling script?

Using the return statement with an exit code

Using the echo command to output a value

Both a and b are valid approaches

Functions cannot return values in Bash

10. What does the sed command 's/old/new/g' accomplish?

Substitutes the first occurrence of 'old' with 'new'

Globally substitutes all occurrences of 'old' with 'new'

Searches for lines containing 'old'

Deletes all lines containing 'old'

11. What does the shebang (#!/bin/bash) accomplish at the start of a script?

Specifies the interpreter to execute the script

Creates a comment that is ignored by the system

Declares global variables for the script

Enables debug mode automatically

12. In Bash, what is the purpose of the set -e option?

Exit the script if any command fails

Enable debug output

Export all variables

Evaluate expressions in arithmetic mode

13. What does the grep command with the -i flag do?

Inverts the match (shows non-matching lines)

Performs case-insensitive matching

Displays line numbers

Searches recursively through directories

14. Which loop structure iterates over items in a list in Bash?

While loop

Until loop

For loop

Case loop

15. How do you make a variable read-only in Bash?

Using the readonly keyword or declare -r

Prefixing the variable with const

Using the lock command

Enclosing it in parentheses

16. What is the output of: echo $((5 + 3 * 2))?

11

13

16

8

17. In a Bash if-else statement, what does the -f test operator check?

Whether a file exists and is a regular file

Whether a string is formatted correctly

Whether a function has been defined

Whether a file is readable

18. Which special variable contains the exit status of the last executed command?

$!

$?

$$

$@

19. What is the purpose of the -e flag when used with the echo command?

Enable interpretation of backslash escapes

Exit the script immediately

Export the variable globally

Evaluate mathematical expressions

20. In Bash, which command substitution syntax is generally preferred in modern scripts?

`command`

$(command)

{command}

[command]

Bash Scripting Quiz: Can You Automate Linux?