Mitosis: Identifying and Understanding Key Phases

Interphase is the phase of the cell cycle in which a cell is actively engaged in metabolic activities and preparing for mitosis. During interphase, the cell grows, replicates its DNA, and prepares for cell division. Prophase, Metaphase, and Anaphase are all stages of mitosis, which comes after interphase in the cell cycle.

During prophase, the chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, the nucleolus disappears, centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell, and fibers extend from the centromeres to form the mitotic spindle. Therefore, the correct answer is Prophase.

Prometaphase is characterized by the breakdown of the nuclear membrane, attachment of proteins to centromeres forming kinetochores, attachment of microtubules to kinetochores, and movement of chromosomes, differentiating it from other phases such as Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase.

During metaphase, chromosomes are aligned along the metaphase plate in preparation for separation in the next phase.

In anaphase, the paired chromosomes separate and move to opposite sides of the cell, facilitated by kinetochore and polar microtubules. This process is crucial for the equal distribution of genetic material to the daughter cells.

Telophase is the stage where these specific events occur, marking the end of cell division. Prophase is the initial stage where chromosomes condense, Metaphase is when chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell, and Anaphase is when chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles.

Cytokinesis is the specific process that involves the actual division of the cell into two daughter cells, following the completion of mitosis or meiosis. This process is essential for the growth and development of multicellular organisms.