Sociology Chapter 14 Final Quiz

Ecological-evolutionary theory focuses on the relationship between societies and their subsistence technology or techno-economic heritage to categorize nonindustrial societies.

Brazil and China are examples of industrializing agrarian societies that have experienced growth in their agricultural and industrial sectors simultaneously, leading to economic development.

Industrializing horticultural societies are those that are transitioning from traditional agricultural practices to more modernized and industrial methods, particularly in the cultivation of plants. Kenya and Madagascar are examples of such societies that have seen advancements in horticultural practices and technology to improve crop yields and agricultural productivity.

Industrialization refers to the process of transforming an economy through increased manufacturing and utilization of nonliving forms of energy. Modernization or modernity, on the other hand, encompasses the social and cultural changes that come with advancements in technology and industry.

Industrial horticultural societies are predominantly found in sub-Saharan Africa due to favorable climatic conditions, agricultural practices, and historical development patterns which have led to the concentration of such societies in this region.

The correct answer is 2.1 as it represents the average population growth rate per year during this time period for industrializing agrarian societies.

The correct answer of 2.6 percent per year reflects the average population growth rate of industrializing horticultural societies during the specified time period. The incorrect answers of 1.2, 3.8, and 5.5 percent are significantly different from the actual average growth rate, making them incorrect choices.

China and India have the largest populations in the world today, followed by the United States, Indonesia, Pakistan, Brazil, Nigeria, and Bangladesh. The populations of China and India alone account for approximately 36% of the world's total population.

The correct classification of the societies in the question is 'industrializing agrarian'. Hunter-gatherer societies rely on hunting and gathering for sustenance, post-industrial societies have moved beyond industrialization, and feudal societies are based on a system of land ownership and obligations.

Between 1961 and 2006, the economic growth in industrializing horticultural societies was consumed by population growth by approximately 90%, making it a significant factor to consider in analyzing economic development.

While it is true that more people currently live in industrial agrarian societies compared to other types of societies, the distribution of population across various societal types is continuously changing due to globalization, urbanization, and other factors. It is essential to consider that the statement may not hold true indefinitely.

Papua New Guinea, Rwanda, and Somalia are not considered industrializing agrarian societies. While they may have aspects of agrarian economies, they are not currently undergoing significant industrialization processes.

Mexico, China, and Egypt are not industrializing horticultural societies.

In recent times, the populations in industrializing horticultural societies have indeed been growing faster than their respective economies. This trend is noticeable across several regions and has implications for various aspects of society and development.

This statement reflects the concept of cost efficiency, where established industrial societies benefit from economies of scale and technological advancements to produce goods at lower costs compared to industrializing societies.

While Asia and South America have some industrializing horticultural societies, it is not accurate to say that most of them are located in these regions. In fact, industrializing horticultural societies can be found in various regions across the globe.

Industrial societies often exhibit extreme wealth inequality, with a small percentage of individuals holding a significant portion of wealth, while others struggle with poverty. This phenomenon leads to the existence of both the 'richest rich' and the 'richest poor' within these societies.

While not as prevalent as it was in the past, there is indeed evidence that slavery is still being practiced in some industrializing societies. This issue continues to be a major concern for human rights organizations worldwide.

While tribalism can exist in various types of societies, research suggests that tribal conflict is equally prevalent in industrializing agrarian and industrializing horticultural societies. The nature and causes of tribal conflict may vary, but the problem is not specific to one type of society over the other.

While the question implies a rise in crude birthrates, the correct answer is false as the birthrates of industrializing horticultural societies have not increased significantly over the past two decades.

As societies industrialize and modernize, women may experience shifts in their rights and status. However, in general, women in industrializing societies tend to have lower status and fewer rights compared to women in fully industrialized societies where gender equality is more established.

The correct answer is 'industrializing agrarian societies' because this category includes countries that are transitioning from traditional agricultural practices to more industrialized economies, which tend to have larger populations.

Industrializing horticultural societies experience the fastest rate of population growth due to a combination of factors such as advances in technology, increase in agricultural production, and better healthcare leading to lower mortality rates.