Gluteal Region

The Gluteus Maximus muscle is the largest muscle in the buttocks and is responsible for extending the hip, laterally rotating the hip, and abducting/adducting the thigh.

The Gluteus Medius muscle is innervated by the Superior gluteal nerve, originates from the lateral ilium and inserts into the greater trochanter of the femur. Its primary actions include abduction, medial/lateral rotation, and extension. The incorrect answers provide inaccurate information regarding the innervation, origin and insertion, and actions of the Gluteus Medius muscle.

The Gluteus Minimus is innervated by the superior gluteal nerve and originates from the lateral ilium, inserting on the greater trochanter of the femur. Its actions include abduction and medial rotation of the hip joint.

The piriformis muscle originates from the sacrum and inserts on the greater trochanter of the femur. Its main actions are lateral rotation and abduction of the hip joint.

The obturator internus muscle is innervated by the nerve to the obturator internus, which is a branch of the sacral plexus.

Obturator Externus is innervated by the Obturator nerve. It originates from the Obturator foramen and inserts into the Trochanteric fossa. Its action is to perform hip abduction.

The Superior Gemellus muscle is innervated by the nerve to obturator internus and originates from the ischial spine and superior obturator internus tendon. Its main action is lateral rotation and abduction of the thigh when flexed.

The Inferior Gemellus muscle is responsible for lateral rotation and abduction with the thigh flexed. It is innervated by the nerve to the quadratus femoris and originates from the ischial tuberosity and obturator internus tendon.

Quadratus femoris is a muscle responsible for lateral rotation and adduction at the hip joint. It is innervated by the nerve to quadratus femoris, originating from the sacral plexus. The muscle originates at the ischial tuberosity and inserts on the posterior femur.

The Greater Sciatic Foramen is a passageway through which the Piriformis muscle passes. While the Superior Gluteal A/N, Pudental A/N, and Nerve to quadratus femoris are all nerves associated with the pelvic area, they do not pass through the Greater Sciatic Foramen.

The structures passing through the Lesser Sciatic Foramen include the Pudendal artery, Pudendal nerve, and the Nerve to the obturator internus. These structures play important roles in innervating and supplying blood to various pelvic structures.

The obturator foramen is a large opening in the hip bone that allows for the passage of the obturator nerve and vessels.

The sciatic nerve, inferior gluteal nerve, superior gluteal nerve, and pudental nerve are all commonly associated with lower back and hip pain due to their pathways and functions in the pelvic region.

The correct answer choices list arteries specifically related to the region of vessels found in the gluteal and iliac areas of the body.

The Greater Trochanter is a bony projection on the femur bone.

The sacrospinous ligaments are fibrous bands that help support the pelvic region by connecting the sacrum to the ischial spine, providing stability and support.

The sacrotuberous ligaments are a pair of ligaments located on each side of the sacrum and coccyx, connecting these bones to the ischium bones of the pelvis.

The sacroilliac joint is stabilized primarily by ligaments, which help support and reinforce the joint to prevent excessive movement and maintain proper alignment.

The Ischial Spine is actually a small pointed eminence on the posterior border of the Ischium bone.

The Ischial Tuberosity is a part of the pelvic bone.

The acetabulum is a cup-shaped socket in the hip bone that is formed by the fusion of the ilium, ischium, and pubis bones.

The Posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) is a bony landmark located on the human pelvis, specifically on the back of the iliac crest.

Hip abduction weakness often leads to a Trendelenburg Gait, where the pelvis drops on the contralateral side during single-leg stance due to a weak abductor muscle of the hip.

Gross Anatomy focuses on the study of structures and organs that can be seen without the aid of a microscope, distinguishing it from Microscopic Anatomy. Physiological Anatomy deals with the study of how the parts of the body work and Comparative Anatomy involves the comparison of similarities and differences in the anatomy of different species.

The relationship between the Sciatic Nerve and Piriformis muscle can be described as inferior, superior, bisecting, and hugging. The incorrect answers provide different and inaccurate descriptions of their relationships.

The correct term for the outer view of the buttocks is the gluteus maximus muscle, which is the largest muscle in the human body responsible for movement of the hip and thigh.