Chemistry 2 Final Exam Sheet Review Quiz

1. In a bomb calorimeter, reactions are carried out.

At constant pressure.

In an open container.

Without any temperature control.

At fixed volume

In a bomb calorimeter, reactions are carried out at a fixed volume to accurately measure the heat released or absorbed during the reaction without any influence from external factors like pressure or temperature changes.

Explanation

In a bomb calorimeter, reactions are carried out at a fixed volume to accurately measure the heat released or absorbed during the reaction without any influence from external factors like pressure or temperature changes.

2. What is 7 x 4?

32

28

42

24

The correct answer is obtained by multiplying 7 by 4, which equals 28.

Explanation

The correct answer is obtained by multiplying 7 by 4, which equals 28.

3. What is -19800 expressed in scientific notation?

-1.98 x 10^3

-1.98 x 10^2

-1.98 x 10^5

-1.98 x 104

To express -19800 in scientific notation, move the decimal point to the left until there is only one digit to the left of the decimal point. Count the number of places you moved the decimal point to obtain the exponent of 10. In this case, the decimal point needs to be moved 4 places to the left to obtain -1.98 x 10^4.

Explanation

To express -19800 in scientific notation, move the decimal point to the left until there is only one digit to the left of the decimal point. Count the number of places you moved the decimal point to obtain the exponent of 10. In this case, the decimal point needs to be moved 4 places to the left to obtain -1.98 x 10^4.

4. What is meant by a quantized variable?

Can only assume certain values

Does not follow any pattern

Can have infinite possible values

Is continuously changing over time

A quantized variable is one that is restricted to specific, discrete values rather than being able to vary continuously. This concept is commonly seen in digital signal processing and quantum mechanics.

Explanation

A quantized variable is one that is restricted to specific, discrete values rather than being able to vary continuously. This concept is commonly seen in digital signal processing and quantum mechanics.

5. In quantum mechanics, what does an orbital represent?

The total energy of an electron

The number of protons in an atom

The mass of an electron

The most probable location of an electron

An orbital in quantum mechanics represents the most probable location of an electron based on its wave function. It is a mathematical function describing the behavior of an electron in an atom.

Explanation

An orbital in quantum mechanics represents the most probable location of an electron based on its wave function. It is a mathematical function describing the behavior of an electron in an atom.

6. An electron cannot have quantum numbers n=______, l=______, ml=________.

3, 2, 3

2, 1, 2

1, 0, 1

4, 3, -3

The quantum numbers for an electron must follow specific rules based on the principal quantum number (n), azimuthal quantum number (l), and magnetic quantum number (ml). In this case, the correct combination of quantum numbers provided indicates the restrictions on valid quantum numbers for an electron.

Explanation

The quantum numbers for an electron must follow specific rules based on the principal quantum number (n), azimuthal quantum number (l), and magnetic quantum number (ml). In this case, the correct combination of quantum numbers provided indicates the restrictions on valid quantum numbers for an electron.

7. Which of the following are correct choices for the number 7?

A and d.

B and c

B only.

C only.

In this question, the correct choices for the number 7 are b and c. Option a and d are incorrect as they are not part of the correct answer. Option c only is incorrect as it does not include all correct choices. Option b only is incorrect as it does not include all correct choices.

Explanation

In this question, the correct choices for the number 7 are b and c. Option a and d are incorrect as they are not part of the correct answer. Option c only is incorrect as it does not include all correct choices. Option b only is incorrect as it does not include all correct choices.

8. How might you distinguish a sodium-vapor street lamp from a mercury-vapor street lamp?

Count the number of lumens produced by each type of street lamp.

Measure the heat output of the street lamps using a thermometer.

Examine the color of the light emitted by the street lamps.

Look at the street lamps through a spectroscope and match their spectral patterns to their respective atomic spectra.

The correct way to distinguish between sodium-vapor and mercury-vapor street lamps is by looking at their spectral patterns through a spectroscope, as each element has a unique atomic spectrum that can be identified.

Explanation

The correct way to distinguish between sodium-vapor and mercury-vapor street lamps is by looking at their spectral patterns through a spectroscope, as each element has a unique atomic spectrum that can be identified.

9. Why can a hydrogen atom, which has only one electron, have so many spectral lines?

Because there is more than one energy level in a hydrogen atom.

Through the process of nuclear fusion within the atom.

Because the electron moves at the speed of light.

Due to the magnetic properties of the electron.

The reason a hydrogen atom with only one electron can have many spectral lines is because of the presence of multiple energy levels in the atom, allowing for various transitions of the electron between these levels.

Explanation

The reason a hydrogen atom with only one electron can have many spectral lines is because of the presence of multiple energy levels in the atom, allowing for various transitions of the electron between these levels.

10. What is the photoelectric effect?

The ejection of electrons by a metal when struck with light of sufficient energy.

The reflection of light by a metal surface.

The absorption of light by a metal and its subsequent emission of heat.

The generation of light by a metal when exposed to a magnetic field.

The photoelectric effect specifically refers to the ejection of electrons from a metal's surface when exposed to light of sufficient energy. This phenomenon is crucial in understanding the interaction between light and matter.

Explanation

The photoelectric effect specifically refers to the ejection of electrons from a metal's surface when exposed to light of sufficient energy. This phenomenon is crucial in understanding the interaction between light and matter.

11. How many unpaired electrons are in a ground state iron (Fe) atom?

1

4

2

3

In a ground state iron (Fe) atom, the electron configuration is [Ar] 3d6 4s2. This means there are 4 unpaired electrons in the 3d subshell, leading to a total of 4 unpaired electrons in the atom.

Explanation

In a ground state iron (Fe) atom, the electron configuration is [Ar] 3d6 4s2. This means there are 4 unpaired electrons in the 3d subshell, leading to a total of 4 unpaired electrons in the atom.

12. The ground state electron configuration of the element ________ is [Kr]5s14d5.

Mo

Pd

Br

Fe

The correct answer is Mo (Molybdenum) because it has the electron configuration of [Kr]5s14d5. Fe (Iron), Pd (Palladium), and Br (Bromine) have different electron configurations and do not match the given one.

Explanation

The correct answer is Mo (Molybdenum) because it has the electron configuration of [Kr]5s14d5. Fe (Iron), Pd (Palladium), and Br (Bromine) have different electron configurations and do not match the given one.