Exploring the Monarchs and Milestones of English History Quiz

Mary I ruled England before Elizabeth I, Edward VI was the son of Henry VIII but died young, James I was the first monarch of the Stuart dynasty ruling after Elizabeth I.

The Act of Supremacy was the official measure that declared the king as the head of the English Church, replacing the authority of the pope. The other options provided do not accurately reflect the historical event.

Catherine of Aragon was the wife of King Henry VIII of England, the mother of Queen Mary I of England, and the aunt of Emperor Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire. Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, and Anne of Cleves were also wives of King Henry VIII, but they do not fit the specific criteria mentioned in the question.

Henry VIII famously wanted to divorce his first wife, Catherine of Aragon, in order to marry Ann Boleyn. This desire led to his break with the Roman Catholic Church and the pope, ultimately resulting in the creation of the Church of England.

The term 'Protestant' originated during the Reformation when German princes 'protested' against the authority of the Catholic Church and the pope.

The term 'recant' specifically means to take back a statement, while the other options do not carry the same meaning.

Edward VI was the first of Henry VIII's children to rule England. Mary I and Elizabeth I were also daughters of Henry VIII, but Edward VI was his first child to rule. Edward VIII was a much later monarch and had no direct connection to Henry VIII.

The correct answer is 'Edict of Worms'. The Edict of Worms was issued on May 25, 1521 by Emperor Charles V, declaring Martin Luther an outlaw and banning the reading or possession of his works. It made it a crime to provide Luther with food or shelter, leading to his exile.

An indulgence is a remission of the temporal punishment due to sin that has been forgiven. Absolution is the act of being forgiven or pardoned. A reprieve is a temporary relief or escape from something harmful. Amnesty is a pardon granted to a group of individuals for offenses against a government.

Ann Boleyn was Henry VIII's second wife who was beheaded on charges of adultery, incest, and treason due to her inability to produce a male heir. Jane Seymour was Henry VIII's third wife who did give birth to a male heir. Catherine of Aragon was his first wife and mother of Mary I. Anne of Cleves was his fourth wife and was annulled due to her marriage not being consummated.

The term 'annul' means to set aside or declare invalid. The other incorrect answers do not have the same meaning as 'annul' in this context.

Elizabeth I ruled England beginning in 1558 after the death of her half-sister Mary I. Henry VIII ruled before Mary I, and James I came into power after Elizabeth I's death.

Johann Tetzel was a Dominican friar known for selling indulgences in Germany, his actions played a role in sparking the Protestant Reformation. Martin Luther was a key figure in the Reformation who opposed Tetzel's practices. Gregory IX was a pope known for issuing the Decretales Gregorii IX. Francis of Assisi was a saint known for his simplicity and devotion to poverty.

Pope Leo X issued a decree threatening Martin Luther with excommunication due to Luther's challenges to the Roman Catholic Church and his 95 Theses.

Emperor Charles V summoned Martin Luther to stand trial in 1521 in the town of Worms, where Luther famously declared 'Here I stand, I can do no other, so help me God. Amen.'

King Philip II of Spain ruled during the time of the Spanish Armada and was known for his extensive empire and naval power.

The Anglican Church, also known as the Church of England, was established by Queen Elizabeth I in 1559 as a middle way between Roman Catholicism and Protestantism. This allowed for a religious settlement that could be accepted by both moderate Catholics and moderate Protestants.

Frederick the Wise of Saxony is famously known for protecting Martin Luther during the early years of the Protestant Reformation and providing him with a safe haven to work on his translations and writings.

The Treaty of Augsburg was signed in 1555 and allowed each German state to decide on its religion based on the ruler's choice. The Peace of Westphalia, Edict of Nantes, and Council of Trent all played roles in religious history, but were not directly related to the specific agreement mentioned in the question.

The correct answer is 'Lutherans'. Martin Luther, a German professor of theology, is known for his role in the Protestant Reformation. He and his followers broke away from the Catholic Church and established the Lutheran Church based on his teachings and beliefs.

During the peasant revolts in 1524, the German peasants were demanding freedom from serfdom, not from monarchy, feudalism, or theology.

Henry VII became king of England in 1485 after defeating Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field.

John Wycliffe and Jan Hus believed that the Bible should have more authority than church leaders, hence advocating for church reform in the 1300 and 1400s.

The Renaissance period highlighted secular (non-religious) aspects and placed emphasis on the individual, which went against the traditional authority of the Church.