MCQ On Culture In Sociology

Oral cultural tradition refers to the transmission of culture through speech. This means that cultural knowledge, traditions, stories, and customs are passed down from one generation to another through spoken words, rather than through writing, art, or craft. This form of transmission is common in societies that do not have a written language or rely heavily on oral storytelling and communication. It allows for the preservation and continuity of cultural heritage, as well as the sharing of important values and beliefs within a community.

Social roles refer to the rights and responsibilities that are associated with a person's social position. These roles are defined by society and dictate how individuals are expected to behave and interact with others. Social roles can vary depending on factors such as gender, age, and occupation. They play a crucial role in shaping social interactions and maintaining social order within a community or society.

Ethnocentrism refers to the tendency to evaluate and judge other cultures based on the standards and values of one's own culture. It involves believing that one's own culture is superior to others and viewing other cultures as abnormal or inferior. This mindset can lead to a lack of understanding and appreciation for cultural diversity, as well as the promotion of stereotypes and prejudice.

The upper classes' culture is referred to as "high culture" because it is associated with refined tastes, sophisticated art forms, and intellectual pursuits. High culture is often associated with the elite and is characterized by its exclusivity and emphasis on tradition and classical forms of art, literature, music, and theater. It is seen as a marker of social status and is typically inaccessible to the masses.

Religion is a significant characteristic that distinguishes civilizations because it plays a crucial role in shaping the beliefs, values, and social structures of a society. It provides a framework for moral and ethical guidelines, influences laws and governance systems, and often serves as a unifying force among people. Religion also influences economic practices, art, architecture, and cultural traditions, making it a key aspect of any civilization.

William Graham Sumner came up with the idea of "mores". Mores refer to the customs, norms, and moral values that are widely accepted and followed by a particular society or group. Sumner, a sociologist, coined the term and emphasized its importance in shaping social behavior and maintaining social order. He believed that mores played a crucial role in regulating individuals' actions and ensuring social cohesion within a community. Sumner's work on mores has had a significant influence on the field of sociology and cultural anthropology.

Malinowski, a renowned sociologist, stated that culture consists of inherited artifacts, goods, technical processes, ideas, habits, and values. He believed that these elements are passed down from one generation to another and shape the behavior and beliefs of individuals within a society. Malinowski's work focused on understanding the role of culture in human societies, particularly through his studies of indigenous peoples in the South Pacific.

When a person travels to a foreign land, they may experience a sense of culture absence. This means that they may feel a lack of familiarity with the customs, traditions, and way of life in that particular place. They may find it difficult to connect with the local culture and may feel like an outsider. This can be a common experience for travelers who are not accustomed to the cultural norms of the foreign land they are visiting.

Harriet Martineau was the inventor of the "genealogical method". This method is a sociological research technique that involves studying the history and development of a social phenomenon or institution by tracing its genealogy or lineage. Martineau, a 19th-century sociologist and writer, is known for her contributions to feminist theory and her pioneering work in social research methods. She emphasized the importance of understanding the historical context and social relationships in order to analyze and explain social phenomena.

The correct answer is "Nurture". Our genetic and biological make-up can influence certain aspects of our behavior, but it is primarily our environment and experiences that shape who we are. Nurture refers to the influence of external factors such as upbringing, education, and social interactions on our behavior and development. These external factors can have a significant impact on our personality, beliefs, values, and overall behavior.