Latihan Ujian Biologi Sma Budhaya II (Part 1 A)

1. Dimas, Ditya, Danang, Dinda dan Denok serta Diah adalah nama seorang yang berbeda baik dari warna iris mata, bentuk rambut, kemancungan hidung dan tinggi badannya, namun tentu secara anatomi ruang jantungnya, sistem respirasinya sama, maka ke 6 anak itu digolongkan keanekaragaman ______________.

varietas

gen

speises

ekosistem

habitat

The given question states that Dimas, Ditya, Danang, Dinda, Denok, and Diah have different physical characteristics such as eye color, hair shape, nose shape, and height. However, their heart space and respiratory system are anatomically the same. Based on this information, they can be classified as a variation or diversity in terms of their genes. The term "gen" refers to the genetic makeup or characteristics of an individual, which fits the context of the question.

Explanation

The given question states that Dimas, Ditya, Danang, Dinda, Denok, and Diah have different physical characteristics such as eye color, hair shape, nose shape, and height. However, their heart space and respiratory system are anatomically the same. Based on this information, they can be classified as a variation or diversity in terms of their genes. The term "gen" refers to the genetic makeup or characteristics of an individual, which fits the context of the question.

2. Salak bali yang ukurannya besar dan manis, Salak Banjar yang manis dan Salak pondoh yang teksturnya halus dan manis tergolong dalam keanekaragaman _________.

gen

spesies

ekosistem

gen dan spesies

gen dan eksosistem

The given statement mentions three different types of salak fruits - Salak bali, Salak Banjar, and Salak pondoh, each with different characteristics. These variations in characteristics suggest that these different types of salak fruits belong to different genetic variations or genotypes. Therefore, the correct answer is "gen" as it refers to the genetic diversity or genotypes of the salak fruits mentioned in the statement.

Explanation

The given statement mentions three different types of salak fruits - Salak bali, Salak Banjar, and Salak pondoh, each with different characteristics. These variations in characteristics suggest that these different types of salak fruits belong to different genetic variations or genotypes. Therefore, the correct answer is "gen" as it refers to the genetic diversity or genotypes of the salak fruits mentioned in the statement.

3. Nama ilmiah tomat adalah Solanum licopersicum sedangkan kentang adalah Solanum tuberosum, kedua tanaman ini ____________.

spesies sama, varietas sama

spesies beda, varietas sama

spesies sama, genus berbeda

genus sama, spesies berbeda

berbeda spesies maupun genus

The scientific name for tomato is Solanum licopersicum, while the scientific name for potato is Solanum tuberosum. This indicates that both plants belong to the same genus, Solanum, but they belong to different species.

Explanation

The scientific name for tomato is Solanum licopersicum, while the scientific name for potato is Solanum tuberosum. This indicates that both plants belong to the same genus, Solanum, but they belong to different species.

4. Kelapa banyak tumbuh di pantai dan dataran rendah sedangkan Aren banyak tumbuh di daerah pegunungan. Kelapa dan Aren menunjukkan tingkat keanekaragaman ___________.

varietas

gen

speises

ekosistem

habitat

Kelapa dan Aren menunjukkan tingkat keanekaragaman ekosistem karena mereka tumbuh di lingkungan yang berbeda, yaitu pantai dan dataran rendah untuk kelapa, dan daerah pegunungan untuk Aren. Kedua spesies ini memberikan kontribusi terhadap keragaman ekosistem dengan mempengaruhi komposisi flora dan fauna di area tempat mereka tumbuh.

Explanation

Kelapa dan Aren menunjukkan tingkat keanekaragaman ekosistem karena mereka tumbuh di lingkungan yang berbeda, yaitu pantai dan dataran rendah untuk kelapa, dan daerah pegunungan untuk Aren. Kedua spesies ini memberikan kontribusi terhadap keragaman ekosistem dengan mempengaruhi komposisi flora dan fauna di area tempat mereka tumbuh.

5. Berbagai buah jeruk antara lain Bali, Nipis dan Pontianak. Hasil persilangan tanaman ini tidak pernah menghasilkan biji. Hal ini menunjukkan keanekaragaman hayati tingkat ____________.

varietas

ekosistem

species

genus

gen

The question states that the crossbreeding of different types of oranges (Bali, Nipis, and Pontianak) never produces seeds. This indicates a lack of genetic diversity at the species level. The term "species" refers to a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. Therefore, the correct answer is "species."

Explanation

The question states that the crossbreeding of different types of oranges (Bali, Nipis, and Pontianak) never produces seeds. This indicates a lack of genetic diversity at the species level. The term "species" refers to a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. Therefore, the correct answer is "species."

6. Seorang peneliti menyilangkan Jeruk Bali dengan Jeruk Medan dengan harapan memperoleh buah yang ukurannya besar dan rasanya manis dengan warna kekuningan. Tanaman hasil penyilangan ternyata tidak pernah menghasilkan buah setelah ditanam beberapa tahun. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa antara Jeruk Bali dan Jeruk Medan menunjukkan keanekaragaman tingkat __________.

gen

spesies

ekosistem

gen dan spesies

gen dan eksosistem

The correct answer is "spesies". The researcher crossed Bali Orange with Medan Orange in hopes of obtaining large-sized fruits with a sweet taste and a yellowish color. However, the resulting plants did not produce any fruits after being planted for several years. This research result indicates that there is a diversity in the species level between Bali Orange and Medan Orange.

Explanation

The correct answer is "spesies". The researcher crossed Bali Orange with Medan Orange in hopes of obtaining large-sized fruits with a sweet taste and a yellowish color. However, the resulting plants did not produce any fruits after being planted for several years. This research result indicates that there is a diversity in the species level between Bali Orange and Medan Orange.

7. Kelompok tumbuhan di bawah ini yang merupakan keanekaragaman tingkat jenis dalam satu genus adalah _________.

lengkuas, jahe, salam

aren, kelapa, pinang

jeruk pontianak, jeruk medan, jeruk peras

bawang merah, daun sledri, bawang putih

ubi, singkong, talas

The given answer is correct because it consists of three different types of citrus fruits (jeruk pontianak, jeruk medan, jeruk peras) that belong to the same genus. This demonstrates the diversity of species within a single genus.

Explanation

The given answer is correct because it consists of three different types of citrus fruits (jeruk pontianak, jeruk medan, jeruk peras) that belong to the same genus. This demonstrates the diversity of species within a single genus.

8. Nama ilmiah tumbuhan durian adalah Durio zibethinus, menurut aturan binomial nomenklatur kata zibethinus menunjukkan

nama spesies

nama genus

penunjuk spesies

penunjuk genus

keterangan genus

The word "zibethinus" in the scientific name Durio zibethinus indicates the specific species of the plant. In binomial nomenclature, the first word represents the genus and the second word represents the species. Therefore, "penunjuk spesies" (species indicator) is the correct answer as it correctly describes the function of the word "zibethinus" in the scientific name.

Explanation

The word "zibethinus" in the scientific name Durio zibethinus indicates the specific species of the plant. In binomial nomenclature, the first word represents the genus and the second word represents the species. Therefore, "penunjuk spesies" (species indicator) is the correct answer as it correctly describes the function of the word "zibethinus" in the scientific name.

9. Perhatikan contoh mahkluk hidup dibawah ini: Vigna sinensis, Camelia sinensis dan Hibiscus rosa sinensis serta Chlonorsis sinensis. Dari jenis mahkluk hidup ini ada kemiripan namanya sama sama sinensis, maka keempatnya merupakan keanekaragaman ___________.

gen

spesies

ekosistem

genus

family

The given examples, Vigna sinensis, Camelia sinensis, Hibiscus rosa sinensis, and Chlonorsis sinensis, all share the common term "sinensis" in their names. This indicates that they belong to the same species. The term "spesies" refers to a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. Therefore, the correct answer is "spesies."

Explanation

The given examples, Vigna sinensis, Camelia sinensis, Hibiscus rosa sinensis, and Chlonorsis sinensis, all share the common term "sinensis" in their names. This indicates that they belong to the same species. The term "spesies" refers to a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. Therefore, the correct answer is "spesies."

10. Kunci dikotom filum Arthropoda: 1a. Tubuh terbagi menjadi menjadi kepala, dada dan perut ............. Insekta 1b. Tubuh tidak terbagi menjadi kepala, dada dan perut ................. 2 2a. Tubuh terbagi menjadi kepala dada bersatu dan perut ............................. 3 2b. Tubuh terbagi menjadi kepala dan badan beruas-ruas ....................... 4 3a. Pada kepala dada terdapat 4 pasang kaki ................................. Arachnida 3b. Pada kepala dada terdapat 5 pasang kaki jalan ........................ Crustacea 4a. Badan pipih beruas-ruas, tiap ruas terdapat 1 pasang kaki....... Chilopoda 4b. Badan gilig beruas-ruas , tiap ruas terdapat 2 pasang kaki........ Diplopoda Kelabang atau lipan yang sedang diamati seorang siswa mempunyai ciri-ciri ___________.

1a, 2b, 3a, 4b

1b, 2a, 3a, 4a

1b, 2b, 3b, 4b

1b, 2b, 4a

1b, 2a, 3b

The given correct answer, 1b, 2b, 4a, suggests that the insect being observed has a body that is not divided into head, thorax, and abdomen (1b), the body is divided into a head and segmented body (2b), and the segmented body has each segment with two pairs of legs (4a). Based on these characteristics, the insect being observed is most likely a member of the class Diplopoda, which includes millipedes.

Explanation

The given correct answer, 1b, 2b, 4a, suggests that the insect being observed has a body that is not divided into head, thorax, and abdomen (1b), the body is divided into a head and segmented body (2b), and the segmented body has each segment with two pairs of legs (4a). Based on these characteristics, the insect being observed is most likely a member of the class Diplopoda, which includes millipedes.

11. <span ;font-size:100%;"="">Kacang tanah , kacang kedelai , kacang panjang , kacang hijau dan kacang kapri adalah satu kerabat karena ______________.

kelasnya sama, namun ordonya berbeda

Kelasnya berbeda, namun genusnya sama

Genusnya sama, speciesnya berbeda

Familinya sama, genusnya berbeda

Familynya berbeda, speciesnya sama

The given correct answer states that kacang tanah, kacang kedelai, kacang panjang, kacang hijau, and kacang kapri are related because their family is the same, but their genus is different. This means that they belong to the same family of plants but have different specific classifications within that family.

Explanation

The given correct answer states that kacang tanah, kacang kedelai, kacang panjang, kacang hijau, and kacang kapri are related because their family is the same, but their genus is different. This means that they belong to the same family of plants but have different specific classifications within that family.

12. Di Kebun Raya Bogor terdapat papan yang bertuliskan Gymnospermae, Gnetales, Gnetinae, Gnetum gnemon pada sebuah pohon. Data tersebut menunjukkan urutan dari ____________.

divisio, kelas, familia, genus

divisio, familia, genus, spesies

subdivisio, klas, familia, genus

subdivisio, klas, ordo, spesies

subdivisio, ordo, familia, spesies

The given data "Gymnospermae, Gnetales, Gnetinae, Gnetum gnemon" represents the hierarchical classification of a species. The correct answer "subdivisio, ordo, familia, spesies" indicates that the order of classification is from broader to more specific categories. "Subdivisio" refers to the subdivision or division, which is the highest level of classification. "Ordo" refers to the order, which is a lower level of classification than subdivision. "Familia" refers to the family, which is a lower level of classification than order. And "spesies" refers to the species, which is the most specific level of classification.

Explanation

The given data "Gymnospermae, Gnetales, Gnetinae, Gnetum gnemon" represents the hierarchical classification of a species. The correct answer "subdivisio, ordo, familia, spesies" indicates that the order of classification is from broader to more specific categories. "Subdivisio" refers to the subdivision or division, which is the highest level of classification. "Ordo" refers to the order, which is a lower level of classification than subdivision. "Familia" refers to the family, which is a lower level of classification than order. And "spesies" refers to the species, which is the most specific level of classification.

13. Ikan gabus dan lele dalam pengelompokan berbeda dibandingkan dengan ikan pari dan hiu. Hal pengelompokan ini didasarkan pada ___________.

makanannya

ruang jantungnya

kemampuan berenangnya

kerangkanya

habitatnya

The correct answer is "kerangkanya". The grouping of gabus and lele is different from that of pari and hiu based on their skeletal structure.

Explanation

The correct answer is "kerangkanya". The grouping of gabus and lele is different from that of pari and hiu based on their skeletal structure.

14. Click gambar ... Meskipun gambar diatas itu berbeda beda namun menunjukkan kesamaan ciri yaitu _______________.

tubuh bilateral simetri

tubuhnya berkulit duri

ovipar dengan ferti;isasi eksternal

bergerak dengan cilia

pemakan plankton

The correct answer is "tubuhnya berkulit duri" because although the images shown are different, they all have the common characteristic of having a body covered in spines.

Explanation

The correct answer is "tubuhnya berkulit duri" because although the images shown are different, they all have the common characteristic of having a body covered in spines.

15. Ketiga macam burung tersebut menunjukkan adanya keanekaragaman hayati tingkat __________.

genetik

spesies

ekosistem

populasi

habitat

The three types of birds mentioned in the question indicate the presence of genetic biodiversity. Genetic biodiversity refers to the variety of genes within a species. In this case, the different types of birds represent different genetic variations within the bird species, highlighting the genetic diversity present.

Explanation

The three types of birds mentioned in the question indicate the presence of genetic biodiversity. Genetic biodiversity refers to the variety of genes within a species. In this case, the different types of birds represent different genetic variations within the bird species, highlighting the genetic diversity present.