Ulangan Plh Kelas Xi

The correct answer is "kerusakan karena bencana alam dan kerusakan karena tindakan manusia." This answer correctly identifies the two main causes of environmental damage, which are natural disasters and human actions. Natural disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes, and floods can cause significant damage to the environment. On the other hand, human actions such as deforestation, pollution, and overexploitation of natural resources can also lead to environmental degradation. Both these factors contribute to the overall destruction of the environment.

Orang ribut / silat lidah menyebabkan pencemaran suara paling rendah karena kebisingan tersebut hanya terjadi dalam lingkungan terbatas dan tidak menyebar jauh. Suara orang ribut atau silat lidah cenderung tidak memiliki daya hantar yang kuat dan tidak dapat mencapai jarak yang jauh. Dalam hal ini, suara kereta api, mesin motor 5 pk, suara petir, dan pesawat jet tinggal landas memiliki kekuatan suara yang lebih besar dan dapat menyebar lebih jauh, sehingga menyebabkan pencemaran suara yang lebih tinggi.

The correct answer is 2, 3 because both tanah longsor (landslide) and kebakaran hutan (forest fire) are examples of natural disasters that can occur as a result of human mismanagement of the environment. Tanah longsor can be triggered by deforestation or improper land use practices, while kebakaran hutan can be caused by human activities such as burning land for agriculture or careless disposal of cigarettes. Therefore, these two options are the correct choices for natural disasters caused by human mismanagement of the environment.

The correct answer is 1, 3. This is because the given examples of environmental damage include buildings collapsing (which is a result of earthquakes) and the ground cracking, causing roads to be severed (also a result of earthquakes). Therefore, the damage caused by earthquakes can be represented by the options 1 and 3.

The correct answer is "Primer". In this context, "pencemar yang di timbulkan langsung dari sumber pencemaran udara" refers to pollutants that are emitted directly from the source of air pollution. These pollutants are considered primary pollutants because they are released directly into the atmosphere without undergoing any chemical reactions or transformations.

Pembakaran sisa-sisa tumbuhan tidak merupakan metode yang tepat untuk menjaga produktivitas tanah. Pembakaran dapat merusak struktur tanah dan menghilangkan nutrisi penting yang terkandung dalam sisa-sisa tumbuhan. Metode lain yang disebutkan dalam opsi-opsi lain, seperti pemberian pupuk dan bahan organik, pergiliran tanaman, pengaturan sistem pengairan, dan pengolahan tanah yang baik, lebih efektif dalam menjaga produktivitas tanah dengan menyediakan nutrisi yang diperlukan, menjaga kelembaban, dan meningkatkan struktur tanah.

The correct answer is "Membebaskan pajak bagi industri yang melakukan pencemaran udara." This option is not a solution for air pollution, but rather it allows industries that contribute to air pollution to be exempt from taxes. This goes against the goal of reducing air pollution and promoting environmental protection. The other options, such as the Clean Air Act, developing environmentally friendly technology, conserving energy, and maintaining the cleanliness of the living environment, are all measures that can help address air pollution.

The given options describe physical characteristics of polluted water. However, "Air elektrolit kuat" (strong electrolyte water) does not describe a physical characteristic of polluted water, but rather a chemical characteristic. Therefore, it is the exception in this list.

Membuang sampah pada tempatnya is the correct answer because it is the only action listed that does not cause environmental damage. Smoking in public places can release harmful chemicals into the air, using excessive detergent can contribute to water pollution, indiscriminate tree cutting can lead to deforestation and habitat destruction, and throwing plastic bottles into rivers can contaminate water sources and harm aquatic life. However, disposing of garbage properly helps to maintain cleanliness and prevent pollution.

The negative impacts of noise pollution include physiological disturbances, psychological disturbances, communication disruptions, and disturbances in hearing. However, there is no evidence to suggest that noise pollution directly affects the secretion and reproductive organs. Therefore, the correct answer is "Disturbances in secretion and reproductive organs."

Mitigasi adalah tahap penanggulangan bencana alam yang pertama dan sangat penting dalam manajemen dampak bencana. Tujuan dari mitigasi adalah untuk mengurangi korban dan kerugian yang disebabkan oleh bencana alam. Dalam tahap ini, dilakukan upaya pencegahan, perlindungan, dan pengurangan risiko bencana melalui berbagai tindakan seperti penyuluhan, pembangunan infrastruktur yang tahan bencana, perencanaan tata ruang yang baik, dan pemetaan risiko bencana.

Hujan Asam adalah peristiwa kerusakan lingkungan yang terjadi akibat ulah manusia. Hujan asam terjadi ketika emisi gas-gas beracun seperti sulfur dioksida dan nitrogen oksida dari kegiatan manusia seperti pembakaran batu bara dan minyak bumi bereaksi dengan uap air di atmosfer dan membentuk asam sulfat dan asam nitrat. Hujan asam dapat merusak tanaman, mengasamkan dan mencemari air sungai dan danau, serta merusak bangunan dan infrastruktur. Hujan asam juga berdampak negatif pada kesehatan manusia dan keanekaragaman hayati.

The correct answer is "Green house effect". The explanation for this is that the accumulation of CO2 gas in the air leads to an increase in the temperature of the air. This is known as the greenhouse effect, where CO2 and other greenhouse gases trap heat from the sun in the Earth's atmosphere, causing a rise in global temperatures.

The given options are all sources of water pollution except for "limbah gas kendaraan bermotor" which translates to "vehicle exhaust gas" in English. This means that the other options, such as household waste, community waste, agricultural waste, and industrial waste, are all sources of water pollution.

The given options all describe natural events that can cause soil damage. However, the correct answer, "Perusakan hutan" (Deforestation), is not a natural event but rather a human activity. Deforestation involves the clearing of trees and vegetation, which can lead to soil erosion and degradation. Therefore, it is the only option that does not fit the category of natural events causing soil damage.

Membangun cerobong asap yang cukup rendah bukanlah pencegahan pencemaran lingkungan, tetapi lebih merupakan upaya untuk mengurangi dampak pencemaran udara yang dihasilkan dari pelepasan asap. Pencegahan pencemaran lingkungan meliputi mengolah air limbah sebelum dibuang, mengolah limbah rumah tangga menjadi kompos, mengolah asap sebelum dilepas ke udara, dan membuat jalur hijau di perkotaan.

Noise pollution occurs when the noise intensity exceeds 70 dB.

The correct answer is "Edukatif". Pembelajaran kesadaran lingkungan di sekolah-sekolah untuk menjaga kelestarian lingkungan air means "Environmental awareness learning in schools to preserve the sustainability of the water environment". The word "edukatif" means educational in Indonesian, suggesting that the approach to tackling the issue of environmental preservation in schools is through education and raising awareness among students.

CFC (chlorofluorocarbon) is a pollutant that can contaminate the air and cause damage to the ozone layer. CFCs are synthetic chemicals commonly used in aerosol sprays, refrigerants, and foam-blowing agents. When released into the atmosphere, CFCs can rise to the stratosphere and break down ozone molecules, leading to the thinning of the ozone layer. This thinning allows more harmful UV radiation from the sun to reach the Earth's surface, which can have detrimental effects on human health and the environment.

Pemupukan tanah secara berimbang refers to balanced soil fertilization, which does not cause soil damage. On the other hand, erosion, loss of nutrients and organic matter, accumulation of salt, and waterlogging can all lead to soil damage.

The correct answer is "Penanaman hutan mangrove disepanjang kawasan pantai dan perlindungan terumbu karang" because planting mangrove forests along the coastal areas and protecting coral reefs can help mitigate the impact of tsunamis. Mangrove forests act as natural barriers that can absorb the force of incoming waves, reducing their intensity and protecting the land behind them. Additionally, coral reefs can act as natural breakwaters, dissipating wave energy and reducing the impact of tsunamis on the coastline.

Terasering adalah upaya pencegahan kerusakan tanah akibat erosi. Metode ini melibatkan pembuatan teras atau tanggul di lereng gunung atau bukit untuk mengurangi kecepatan aliran air dan mencegah erosi. Metode ini termasuk dalam kategori mekanik karena melibatkan manipulasi fisik dan struktur tanah untuk mengendalikan erosi.

The correct answer is "Kadar gas oksigen hanya 20%". This is because a decrease in oxygen levels in the air can lead to respiratory problems and difficulty in breathing. A low oxygen concentration can also be harmful to living organisms and can indicate air pollution.

The given statement describes characteristics of damaged or polluted soil. The loss of nutrients, absence of rocks, high water absorption capacity, and dark brown to black color are all indicators of soil pollution or damage. Therefore, the correct answer is 1, 4.

Hidrogen Peroksida (H2O2) tidak termasuk zat pencemar udara yang berwujud gas. Zat ini berbentuk cairan dan biasanya digunakan sebagai bahan pemutih atau disinfektan. Karbon monoksida (CO), nitrogen dioksida (NO2), sulfur dioksida (SO2), dan karbon dioksida (CO2) semuanya merupakan gas yang dapat menjadi zat pencemar udara.

The given answer states that the characteristic of environmental damage caused by human actions is that it can be reduced. This means that the damage done to the environment can be minimized or mitigated through various measures and actions. By implementing sustainable practices, conservation efforts, and adopting eco-friendly technologies, the negative impacts on the environment can be reduced.

The presence of bacteria coli is an indication of water pollution. Bacteria coli are commonly found in the intestines of warm-blooded animals, including humans, and their presence in water indicates fecal contamination. This contamination can be caused by sewage discharge or the runoff of animal waste into water sources. Therefore, monitoring the levels of bacteria coli in water can help determine if the water is polluted.

The correct answer is "menentukan lokasi posko banjir yang tepat untuk mengungsi" because it is not a mitigation measure during a flood. Mitigation measures typically involve actions taken before a disaster occurs to minimize the impact, while determining the location of a flood evacuation center is more of a preparedness measure. Mitigation measures for floods may include turning off electricity, evacuating to safe areas, avoiding walking near water channels, and contacting relevant authorities if the water level continues to rise.

The correct answer is "Remidiasi". Remidiasi refers to the process of remediation or the action taken to address and fix soil pollution. It involves the removal or reduction of pollutants from the soil to restore its quality and prevent further degradation. This can be done through various techniques such as soil excavation, bioremediation, or chemical treatment.

The given options suggest various ways to prevent or mitigate noise pollution. The correct answer, "Mengurangi penggunaan alat transportasi" (Reducing the use of transportation tools), is a valid prevention measure as transportation vehicles such as cars, motorcycles, and airplanes are major contributors to noise pollution. By reducing their usage, the overall noise levels can be decreased.