Soal Ulangan Harian Larutan Elektrolit Dan Non Elektrolit Smapa Samarinda

Garam dapur (NaCl) dapat menghantarkan arus listrik karena ia terdiri dari ion-ion positif (Na+) dan ion-ion negatif (Cl-) yang dapat bergerak bebas dalam larutan dan menghantarkan muatan listrik. Gula pasir (sukrosa), alkohol, glukosa, dan urea tidak dapat menghantarkan arus listrik karena mereka tidak terionisasi dalam larutan dan tidak memiliki ion-ion yang bisa bergerak bebas.

Garam dapur dapat membentuk larutan elektrolit kuat ketika di dalam air. Ini karena garam dapur terdiri dari ion positif (natrium) dan ion negatif (klorida) yang dapat terdisosiasi secara lengkap dalam air, sehingga menghasilkan larutan yang dapat menghantarkan arus listrik dengan baik. Sebaliknya, gula pasir, alkohol, formalin, dan cuka tidak dapat membentuk larutan elektrolit kuat karena mereka tidak terdisosiasi menjadi ion-ion yang dapat menghantarkan arus listrik dalam air.

The fact that both salt and vinegar can conduct electricity indicates that both solutions contain ions.

The explanation for this answer is that when the electrodes are dipped into the vinegar solution, very few vinegar molecules ionize or dissociate into ions. This means that there are not enough ions present in the solution to conduct electricity and activate the electrolyte tester lamp. However, gas bubbles are still formed at the electrode, indicating a chemical reaction taking place, but it is not due to the vinegar evaporating.

Larutan natrium hidroksida memiliki derajat ionisasi 1, yang berarti larutan tersebut mengalami terionisasi sempurna. Ini berarti bahwa semua partikel natrium hidroksida (NaOH) dalam larutan terurai sepenuhnya menjadi ion-ion natrium (Na+) dan hidroksida (OH-). Tidak ada molekul NaOH yang tetap terbentuk dalam larutan, semua terurai menjadi ion-ion.

When KNO3 is dissolved in water, it undergoes ionization and breaks down into its constituent ions, K+ and NO3-. This is because KNO3 is an ionic compound, consisting of a potassium ion (K+) and a nitrate ion (NO3-). When it is dissolved in water, the water molecules surround and separate the K+ and NO3- ions, allowing them to move freely in the solution. Therefore, the correct answer is K+ and NO3-.

CH3COOH (asam asetat) tergolong elektrolit lemah karena hanya sebagian kecil molekul asam asetat yang terdisosiasi menjadi ion-ion CH3COO- dan H+. Sebagian besar molekul asam asetat tetap dalam bentuk molekul yang tidak bermuatan. Oleh karena itu, larutan asam asetat memiliki konduktivitas listrik yang rendah dibandingkan dengan larutan elektrolit yang lebih kuat seperti NaOH dan HCl.

Based on the observations given, we can determine that the solutions that conduct electricity and therefore are electrolytes are the ones that have both the light bulb turned on and bubbles present. Looking at the observations, only solutions 1, 2, and 4 fit this criteria. Therefore, the correct answer is 1, 2, and 4.

Air garam adalah larutan elektrolit karena mengandung ion-ion yang dapat menghantarkan listrik. Larutan alkohol, air gula, spiritus, dan larutan urea adalah larutan non elektrolit karena tidak mengandung ion-ion yang dapat menghantarkan listrik.

CH3COOH (asam asetat) adalah elektrolit lemah karena dalam larutan air, hanya sebagian kecil molekul asam asetat yang terionisasi menjadi ion-ion asetat (CH3COO-) dan ion hidrogen (H+). Sementara itu, ikatan antar atom dalam molekul asam asetat adalah ikatan kovalen, di mana elektron-elektron yang terlibat dalam ikatan tersebut dipasangkan secara bersama-sama oleh kedua atom yang terlibat.

The given correct answer, "tidak ada interaksi antar partikel pelarut dan terlarut" (there is no interaction between solvent and solute particles), does not describe the definition of a solution. A solution is a homogeneous mixture where the solute particles are evenly dispersed in the solvent. In a solution, there are interactions between the solvent and solute particles, which allow for the solute to be dissolved. Therefore, the answer choice that does not indicate the definition of a solution is "tidak ada interaksi antar partikel pelarut dan terlarut" (there is no interaction between solvent and solute particles).

Minyak tanah adalah larutan yang tidak menghantarkan listrik karena tidak mengandung ion-ion yang dapat bergerak bebas. Larutan elektrolit adalah larutan yang mengandung ion-ion yang dapat bergerak bebas dan dapat menghantarkan listrik. Soda, cuka, tawas, dan kaporit semuanya merupakan larutan yang mengandung ion-ion yang dapat bergerak bebas, sehingga dapat dianggap sebagai elektrolit.

The statement "daya hantarnya tergantung pada berat molekulnya" is incorrect because the conductivity of an electrolyte solution depends on the concentration of ions in the solution, not the molecular weight of the compound. The more ions present in the solution, the higher the conductivity. Therefore, the correct statement should be that the conductivity of an electrolyte solution depends on the concentration of ions in the solution.

H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) is a strong electrolyte commonly used in car batteries. It dissociates completely in water, producing a high concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) and sulfate ions (SO4^2-). This high concentration of ions allows for efficient electron flow, making it an effective electrolyte. Additionally, sulfuric acid has a high boiling point and is stable at high temperatures, making it suitable for use in car batteries.

Cuka dapat membentuk larutan elektrolit lemah ketika di dalam air. Ini karena cuka mengandung asam asetat, yang dapat mengionisasi dalam air dan menghasilkan ion hidrogen (H+) dan ion asetat (CH3COO-). Ion-ion ini dapat menghantarkan arus listrik dalam larutan, sehingga cuka dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai elektrolit lemah.

NaCl and KBr are both examples of ionic compounds because they are formed from the transfer of electrons between a metal (Na or K) and a nonmetal (Cl or Br). This transfer of electrons results in the formation of ions, with the metal atom losing electrons to form a positively charged cation and the nonmetal atom gaining electrons to form a negatively charged anion. Therefore, NaCl and KBr are considered ionic compounds.

C12H22O11 is the correct answer because it is a covalent compound, which means it consists of molecules held together by covalent bonds. Covalent compounds do not dissociate into ions in solution, therefore they do not conduct electricity. NaCl, CaCl2, KI, and Al2(SO4)3 are all ionic compounds, which dissociate into ions in solution and can conduct electricity.

The correct answer is ion-ion K+ dan SCN–. This is because KSCN is an ionic compound consisting of potassium ions (K+) and thiocyanate ions (SCN–). In a solution of KSCN, these ions dissociate and become free to move, allowing the solution to conduct electricity.

HCl 1 M is the correct answer because it is a strong acid that completely ionizes in water, producing a high concentration of ions. The concentration of HCl is also higher compared to the other options, which means there are more H+ ions present in the solution. This makes HCl 1 M capable of producing the highest amount of ions among the given compounds.

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The correct answer is "senyawa kovalen; elektrolit" because covalent compounds do not dissociate into ions when dissolved in water, and therefore do not conduct electricity. However, there are some exceptions to this rule, such as strong acids and bases, which can dissociate into ions and conduct electricity even though they are covalent compounds.

CO(NH2)2 is a covalent compound and does not dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. Since it does not produce ions, it cannot conduct electricity in water. On the other hand, MgCl2, KCl, Sr(NO3)2, and CaCl2 are all ionic compounds that dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. These ions are capable of carrying electric charge and therefore can conduct electricity in water.

The correct answer is "tanah". The given question is asking for something that has the same properties as a mixture of water and coffee. Coffee grounds are often used as a natural fertilizer for plants, and when mixed with water, they create a nutrient-rich solution that can be used to nourish plants. Similarly, mixing water with soil (tanah) can create a mixture that can be used for gardening or farming purposes.

Aqua destilasi is not a solution because it is distilled water, which is pure water that has been boiled and condensed to remove impurities. Unlike the other options listed, it does not contain any dissolved substances or solutes. Therefore, aqua destilasi does not qualify as a solution.

NH3, or ammonia, can form a weak electrolyte solution when dissolved in water. Ammonia molecules can react with water molecules to form ammonium ions (NH4+) and hydroxide ions (OH-). These ions are capable of conducting electricity in solution, although to a lesser extent compared to strong electrolytes like HCl, H2SO4, and HNO3. NaOH, or sodium hydroxide, is a strong electrolyte that dissociates completely into sodium ions (Na+) and hydroxide ions (OH-) in water.

Gula pasir bukan larutan karena larutan adalah campuran homogen antara dua atau lebih zat yang tidak dapat dipisahkan secara fisik. Gula pasir, di sisi lain, adalah zat padat yang tidak larut dalam air. Sehingga, gula pasir tidak dapat membentuk larutan dengan air.

Campuran minyak dengan air tidak merupakan larutan karena minyak dan air tidak dapat saling larut satu sama lain. Minyak bersifat hidrofobik, yang berarti tidak dapat larut dalam air karena keduanya memiliki sifat kimia yang berbeda. Sebagai hasilnya, minyak akan membentuk lapisan terpisah di atas air. Larutan terbentuk ketika satu atau lebih zat terlarut larut dalam pelarut, seperti gula dalam air atau sirup.

The correct answer is H2SO4 0,1 M because it is a strong acid and will dissociate completely in water, producing a higher concentration of ions. This higher concentration of ions will result in a higher conductivity, making it the solution with the highest electrical conductivity among the given options.

The correct answer is "Elektrolit adalah zat yang dalam bentuk larutan atau leburannya dapat menghantarkan listrik." This answer correctly defines an electrolyte as a substance that can conduct electricity when it is in the form of a solution or molten state. This is because in these states, the electrolyte dissociates into ions that are free to move and carry electric charge, allowing the flow of electric current.

NH4OH is the correct answer because it is a covalent compound that contains an ammonium ion (NH4+) and a hydroxide ion (OH-). When NH4OH dissolves in water, it dissociates into NH4+ and OH- ions, making it an electrolyte. Additionally, NH4OH is a weak base because it can accept protons (H+) from water molecules to form NH4+ and OH- ions.