Pengambilan Nilai Materi Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan 2022

The correct answer is Sipadan and Ligitan. These two islands were claimed by both Indonesia and Malaysia in the past. However, in late 2002, the International Court of Justice ruled that the islands belong to Malaysia.

The correct answer is "Adanya Wilayah". This answer suggests that one of the essential elements in the formation of a state is the existence of a defined territory or territory. A state needs a specific geographic area over which it exercises sovereignty and control. Without a territory, it would be challenging to establish a functioning state with defined borders and the ability to govern and provide services to its population.

The items listed in the answer choices are all negative consequences of social inequality, such as suspicion, lack of motivation, social envy, and apathy towards the environment. However, "kerukunan dan ketentraman" (harmony and peace) is a positive outcome and does not fit with the other negative consequences mentioned.

The correct answer is 21 negara because Russia is a federation composed of 21 republics, each with its own constitution and government. These republics have varying degrees of autonomy and are represented in the federal government.

The correct answer is "Kamis, 24 Februari 2022". This date marks the beginning of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

The correct answer is "Teritorial". Teritorial refers to the principle in international law that emphasizes a state's authority over its territory or region. This principle grants a state exclusive control and jurisdiction over its land, airspace, and territorial waters. It is a fundamental concept in international relations and is crucial for maintaining order and stability among states.

Negotiation is a diplomatic task and function that involves conducting discussions and conversations with both the receiving country and other countries. This process allows diplomats to reach agreements, resolve conflicts, and find common ground on various issues. Through negotiation, diplomats can represent their country's interests, express their concerns, and work towards finding mutually beneficial solutions. Therefore, negotiation is an essential aspect of diplomatic work.

Franklin D Roosevelt is widely known for his role in the creation of the Atlantic Charter. The Atlantic Charter was a declaration signed by Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill in 1941, during World War II. It outlined the goals for a post-war world, including the principles of self-determination, free trade, disarmament, and the establishment of a United Nations. Roosevelt's involvement in the creation of the Atlantic Charter demonstrates his leadership and commitment to shaping the future of international relations.

The correct answer is Pasal 11 because it states that the power to ratify international agreements is held by the President with the approval of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR). This article specifically addresses the legal basis for ratifying international agreements according to the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia.

The question asks for the number of judges in the International Court of Justice (ICJ), which is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations. The ICJ consists of 15 judges who are elected by the United Nations General Assembly and the Security Council for a term of nine years. These judges represent different countries and are responsible for settling legal disputes between states and issuing advisory opinions on legal questions referred to them by authorized United Nations organs and specialized agencies.

If one party does not appear in court or defend their case, the other party can request the court to make a decision in favor of their claim. This is stated in Article 53 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice.

No nation is capable of living independently. This is because nations rely on each other for various resources, such as trade, technology, and knowledge exchange. In a globalized world, countries need to collaborate and cooperate with each other to address common challenges, promote economic growth, and ensure their security. Interdependence among nations is a natural factor that drives them to engage in international cooperation and form alliances.

The correct answer is 19 Bab dan 111 Pasal. This means that the structure of the UN charter consists of 19 chapters and 111 articles.

The correct answer is IFC. IFC stands for International Finance Corporation, which is a member of the World Bank Group. It serves as a global development institution that provides financial products and services to the private sector in developing countries. IFC's main goal is to promote sustainable economic growth, reduce poverty, and improve people's lives by supporting private sector investment. It plays a crucial role in mobilizing capital and expertise to help businesses in developing countries thrive and contribute to their local economies.

The correct answer is "Organ utama PBB" because it means "a main organ of the UN" in English. This suggests that the International Court of Justice (ICJ), which is the principal judicial organ of the UN, is closely linked to and an integral part of the UN system. It is responsible for settling legal disputes between states and providing advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by authorized UN organs and specialized agencies.

Germany is the correct answer because it is the only country listed that does not have the power of veto in the United Nations Security Council. The five permanent members of the Security Council, which have the power of veto, are the United States, Russia, China, France, and the United Kingdom. Germany is not one of these permanent members and therefore does not have the power of veto.

The correct answer is Perjanjian Linggarjati. The Linggarjati Agreement was an important event in Indonesian history as it marked the negotiation between the Dutch and Indonesian representatives to find a peaceful solution to the Dutch military aggression in Indonesia. The agreement was signed on November 25, 1946, and it recognized the de facto independence of Indonesia, although it did not grant full independence. It also established a basis for future negotiations and laid the groundwork for the transfer of sovereignty to Indonesia in 1949.

The term "ajaran-ajaran" suggests that the answer is related to teachings or doctrines. Among the given options, "Doktrin" is the most appropriate term as it refers to the teachings or principles of legal experts from various countries. "Azas" refers to principles or fundamentals, "Norma" refers to norms or standards, "Yurisprudensi" refers to jurisprudence or the theory and philosophy of law, and "Sekte" refers to sects or religious groups.

Compulsory jurisdiction refers to the authority of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) to hear and decide cases brought before it by states. This means that states that are under the jurisdiction of the ICJ are obligated to accept its jurisdiction and abide by its decisions. Therefore, the correct answer is "Negara-negara yang berada dibawah wewenang Mahkamah Internasional" (States that are under the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice).

Ratifikasi adalah proses pengesahan atau persetujuan yang dilakukan oleh negara-negara untuk mengikatkan diri mereka terhadap ketentuan-ketentuan yang terdapat dalam suatu perjanjian internasional. Dalam hal ini, pengesahan perjanjian internasional adalah langkah penting yang menunjukkan bahwa negara-negara yang terlibat telah menyetujui dan akan melaksanakan isi perjanjian tersebut.

Kapitalisme adalah sistem sosial ekonomi di mana alat-alat produksi dimiliki secara pribadi dan digunakan untuk memperoleh keuntungan. Dalam kapitalisme, individu atau perusahaan memiliki kebebasan untuk mengontrol dan mengelola sumber daya ekonomi sesuai dengan kepentingan mereka sendiri. Keuntungan menjadi tujuan utama dalam kapitalisme, dan kompetisi pasar dianggap sebagai motor utama pertumbuhan ekonomi.

The correct answer is "Kekuasaan tertingginya terkonsentrasi di tangan satu orang". This answer accurately describes the characteristic of an autocratic government system, where the highest power is concentrated in the hands of one person. In an autocracy, this individual holds absolute authority and makes decisions without any checks or balances from other branches of government or the people. Autocratic systems often lack democratic processes and can be prone to abuses of power.

In conducting negotiations, a country can delegate it to the following individuals: Minister of Foreign Affairs, Legal Counsel, Official with full power of attorney, and Ambassador. However, the Head of State is not typically involved in the day-to-day negotiations and is usually represented by other officials.

According to the question, the correct answer for the authority to carry out foreign relations and politics in Indonesia is "Corp Diplomatik". This means that diplomatic corps, which consists of ambassadors and other diplomatic personnel, have the authority to handle foreign relations and politics on behalf of the country.

The correct answer is "Adanya pelanggaran HAM" because the procedure of the international court in resolving international law involves the existence of human rights violations. This means that before a case can be brought to the international court, there must be evidence of human rights abuses. Once this violation is established, the court can proceed with the investigation, trial, and imposition of sanctions.

The correct answer is Den Haag, Belanda. The International Court of Justice (ICJ), also known as the World Court, is located in The Hague, Netherlands. It is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations and settles legal disputes between member states.

The frequent conflict over the control and exploitation of oil fields in the Middle East is a major source of instability in the region. The abundance of oil resources in the region has led to competition among countries for control over these valuable assets, often resulting in armed conflicts and power struggles. The control over oil fields not only provides economic benefits but also grants political influence and leverage on the international stage. This constant struggle for control over oil resources has contributed to the ongoing instability in the Middle East.

The correct answer is "Acceptance." In the context of the statement, "Pernyataan menerima dari suatu penandatangan ratifikasi dinamakan," it can be understood that the term being referred to is the act of accepting or acknowledging the ratification. "Acceptance" is the most suitable term that aligns with this meaning.

Demokrasi perwakilan adalah sistem di mana warga memilih perwakilan dari antara mereka sendiri untuk mewakili kepentingan mereka dalam pengambilan keputusan politik. Dalam sistem ini, warga tidak memberikan suara langsung pada setiap masalah, tetapi mereka memilih wakil yang akan mewakili mereka dalam forum politik. Pilihan ini memungkinkan warga untuk memiliki suara dalam proses pengambilan keputusan tanpa harus secara langsung terlibat dalam setiap masalah yang ada.

The correct answer is "Menciptakan kerja sama antarbangsa yang sulit". The other options listed are all principles of the United Nations: settling international disputes peacefully, fostering brotherhood, ensuring all members fulfill their obligations, and equality of sovereignty for all members. However, creating difficult international cooperation is not a principle of the UN.

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The correct answer is "Kaum Belligerensi." This term refers to a group of people who engage in domestic treason or rebellion against a sovereign state. They are involved in acts of aggression or hostility towards their own country. The other options mentioned are not relevant to the context of the question.

If the voices of the judges who agree and disagree with the decision are evenly balanced, then the decision of the International Court of Justice is determined by the opinions of legal experts or doctrines.

The correct answer for this question is "Berisi dispositif". Dispositif refers to the part of a court decision that contains the actual decision or ruling. It includes the specific orders, judgments, or remedies that the court has determined in the case. This section is important as it provides clarity on the outcome of the case and the actions that need to be taken.

Lauterpacht is suggested as the correct answer because he is known for his expertise in international law and his contributions to the field. He has written extensively on the topic of international agreements and treaties, making him a credible source for the definition of an international agreement.

The subject of law in international agreements includes individuals, the Holy See, international organizations, and sovereign states. However, "Negara bagian" (which means "state") is not typically considered a subject of law in international agreements.

Memajukan kesejahteraan umum merupakan pengakuan terhadap hak sosial politik. This means that advancing the welfare of the public is a recognition of the social and political rights.

The correct answer is "Representasi". Melakukan protes, penyelidikan pertanyaan, dan mewakili kebijaksanaan adalah tugas-tugas yang dilakukan oleh perwakilan diplomatik. Representasi adalah tugas yang melibatkan mewakili negara asal dalam hubungan dengan negara penerima. Melalui representasi, perwakilan diplomatik bertindak sebagai juru bicara negara asal dan memperjuangkan kepentingan dan kebijakan negara tersebut.

According to Article 11 of the 1945 Constitution, the power to make agreements with other countries is granted to the President as the head of the government. This means that the President is responsible for negotiating and signing international agreements on behalf of the country. The President acts as the representative of the government in these matters, making decisions and conducting diplomatic relations with other nations.

The correct answer is "Menerima keputusan dengan bersyarat" because it suggests that Indonesia is willing to accept the decision made by the International Court, but with certain conditions or terms. This implies that Indonesia may have reservations or concerns about the decision and wants to negotiate or discuss further before fully accepting it.

Kebiasaan Internasional adalah sumber hukum internasional yang terpenting dalam kenyataan saat ini sebagai pegangan Mahkamah Internasional. Kebiasaan Internasional terdiri dari praktik yang diikuti secara umum oleh negara-negara dalam hubungan internasional dan diakui sebagai hukum. Praktik ini dapat berupa tindakan atau kegiatan yang dilakukan secara konsisten oleh negara-negara tanpa adanya perjanjian tertulis. Mahkamah Internasional mengacu pada kebiasaan internasional untuk memutuskan kasus-kasus yang diajukan kepadanya.

The answer provided lists the principles or foundations in establishing relationships between nations. These principles include equality of dignity and status, territorial integrity, national identity, common interests, and openness. These principles guide nations in maintaining respectful and mutually beneficial relationships with each other.

The correct answer is a repetition of the definition provided in the question. It states that a treaty is an agreement made by two or more countries with the purpose of establishing certain legal consequences.

The answer correctly defines "Azas Pacta Sunt Servada" as a principle in treaty law that relates to the binding nature of an agreement made in good faith. It also correctly defines "Law Making Treaties" as agreements that have the highest legal authority for the parties that sign them.

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