Pretest Online 3 Dasar-dasar Pewarisan Mendel

An alel is an alternative form of a specific gene. It is one of the possible versions of a gene that can exist at a particular locus on a chromosome. Each individual has two alels for each gene, one inherited from each parent. These alels can be the same (homozygous) or different (heterozygous). The presence of different alels can result in variations in traits among individuals.

If the expression of gene A covers the expression of gene a, then gene A is said to be dominant.

The correct answer is AABB x aabb. This is a cross between two individuals with different alleles for two different traits (A and B). The uppercase letters (A and B) represent dominant alleles, while the lowercase letters (a and b) represent recessive alleles. This type of cross is called a dihybrid cross because it involves the inheritance of two different traits. The resulting offspring will have a genotype of AaBb, showing a combination of both dominant and recessive alleles for both traits.

The correct answer is "monohybrid" because the question is asking for the term used to describe a cross that involves the inheritance pattern of only one trait. "Mono" means one, and "hybrid" refers to the offspring resulting from the cross. Therefore, "monohybrid" is the appropriate term to describe this type of cross.

The diagram mentioned in the question is not provided, so it is difficult to give a specific explanation for the correct answer. However, based on the options given, "fenotipe" is the most likely correct answer. Phenotype refers to the physical characteristics or traits of an organism, which can be observed and measured. It is determined by the interaction of an organism's genotype (genetic makeup) and its environment. Therefore, in the context of the diagram, it is reasonable to assume that the diagram is depicting or representing some physical characteristics or traits, hence the correct answer being "fenotipe".

A test-cross is a type of breeding experiment in which an individual with a homozygous recessive genotype is crossed with an individual of unknown genotype. This is done to determine whether the unknown individual is heterozygous or homozygous dominant for a particular trait. In this case, the question is asking for the term used to describe the mating of an individual with a homozygous recessive genotype, which is a test-cross.

The correct answer is "genotipe". Genotipe refers to the genetic makeup of an individual, including all the genes present in their DNA. It determines the potential for certain traits or characteristics to be expressed. The genotipe is responsible for the inheritance of specific alleles, which are different forms of a gene that can result in different variations of a trait. The genotipe interacts with environmental factors to ultimately determine the phenotype, which is the observable or physical expression of the genetic traits.

A back cross refers to the process of crossing an individual with one of its parents. This is done to introduce or reinforce specific traits from the parent in the offspring. In this case, the question is asking for the term that describes the crossing of an individual with one of its parents, which is known as a back cross.

Based on the given diagram, the symbols D and d are named alleles. Alleles are alternate forms of a gene that can occupy the same locus on a specific chromosome. They can be dominant or recessive, and determine the traits or characteristics of an organism. In this case, the symbols D and d represent different alleles that may determine different traits or characteristics.

Epistasis is the term used to describe the phenomenon where the expression of one gene is influenced by another gene. In this case, the closure of the expression of a non-allelic gene is referred to as epistasis. Epistasis can occur when one gene masks or suppresses the expression of another gene, leading to a modified phenotype.