Latihan Soal Termokimia

Termokimia adalah cabang ilmu kimia yang mempelajari perubahan energi yang terjadi selama reaksi kimia. Dalam termokimia, kita dapat mengetahui besarnya energi yang menyertai reaksi kimia, baik itu dalam bentuk panas (kalor) maupun energi lainnya. Oleh karena itu, termokimia adalah jawaban yang tepat untuk pertanyaan ini.

The correct answer is entalpi. Entalpi refers to the total energy of a thermodynamic system, including both its internal energy and the work done by or on the system. It is a measure of the heat content of the system and is often used to analyze energy transfers in chemical reactions.

Fotosintesis adalah reaksi endoterm karena reaksi ini membutuhkan energi dalam bentuk cahaya matahari untuk mengubah air dan karbon dioksida menjadi glukosa dan oksigen. Proses ini memerlukan energi tambahan yang diserap dari lingkungan sekitarnya, sehingga termasuk dalam reaksi endoterm.

Kalor pembentukan adalah kalor yang dilepas atau dibutuhkan apabila 1 mol senyawa terbentuk dari unsur-unsurnya. Ini berarti ketika senyawa terbentuk, unsur-unsur yang ada dalam senyawa tersebut melepaskan atau membutuhkan energi dalam jumlah tertentu. Jadi, jawaban yang benar adalah unsur-unsurnya.

The correct answer is Option 1 because the reaction C(s) + O2 (g) ---> CO2 (g) is an exothermic reaction, as indicated by the negative value of ∆H (-393.5 kJ). In an exothermic reaction, the products have lower energy than the reactants. Therefore, the diagram for this reaction should show the reactants at a higher energy level and the products at a lower energy level, which is depicted in Option 1.

The correct answer is "Hess." Hess's law states that the enthalpy change of a reaction is independent of the pathway between the initial and final states. This means that the total enthalpy change of a reaction can be calculated by summing the enthalpy changes of a series of intermediate reactions. Hess's law is widely used in thermodynamics to calculate the enthalpy change of reactions that are difficult to measure directly.

The given information states that the reaction between barium metal and dilute hydrochloric acid is carried out in a tightly sealed reaction tube, preventing the escape of hydrogen gas from the system. However, heat transfer can still occur through the walls of the reaction tube. This indicates that the system is closed, as the reactants and products are confined within the reaction tube, but energy can still be exchanged with the surroundings. Therefore, the correct answer is "sistem tertutup" (closed system).

The correct answer is "pembuatan es batu". This is because the process of making ice requires energy to be absorbed from the surroundings in order to freeze the water into ice. This means that the reaction is endothermic, as it requires heat to be taken in from the surroundings.

The diagram is classified as "eksoterm" because it shows a process or reaction that releases energy to its surroundings. This can be inferred from the term "eksoterm" which means that the reaction or process is exothermic, meaning it releases heat or energy.

The given reaction involves the formation of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrogen gas (H2) from the reaction of sodium (Na) with water (H2O). This reaction is exothermic because it releases heat energy to the surroundings. The fact that the temperature of the solution is higher than the surrounding temperature indicates that heat is flowing from the system (solution) to the surroundings. Therefore, the correct answer is "reaksi eksoterm" which means exothermic reaction.

The given correct answer is "reaksi eksoterm". This is because the question mentions that the reaction is spontaneous, which implies that it releases energy. Exothermic reactions are those that release energy in the form of heat or light, such as fireworks.

The given equation Fe2(s) + 3/2 O2(g) Fe2O3(s) has a standard enthalpy of formation (ΔHf°) value of -822.2 kJ. The other equations provided also have ΔHf° values, but the question asks for the equation that does not represent a standard enthalpy of formation. Therefore, the correct answer is Fe2(s) + 3/2 O2(g) Fe2O3(s) ΔHf° = -822.2 kJ.

The correct answer is 1,2,3. The given reactions of urea dissolution, ice melting, and photosynthesis are all examples of endothermic reactions. In an endothermic reaction, energy is absorbed from the surroundings, resulting in a decrease in temperature. These reactions require an input of energy to proceed.

The correct answer is "lingkungan menyerap kalor dari sistem". This is because in an exothermic reaction, heat is released from the system into the surroundings. Therefore, the surroundings absorb heat from the system, resulting in an increase in the temperature of the surroundings.

The given equation is the correct representation of the thermochemical reaction between 2 moles of hydrogen gas (H2) and 1 mole of oxygen gas (O2) to form 2 moles of water vapor (H2O). The reaction is exothermic, as indicated by the positive value of 484 kJ for the heat of reaction (ΔH). This means that the reaction releases 484 kJ of heat energy per mole of water vapor formed.

The correct answer is "pembakaran". Pembakaran involves the reaction between oxygen and a fuel source, resulting in the release of heat, light, and various combustion products, including water vapor (uap air) and carbon dioxide (karbondioksida). This process is commonly associated with the burning of substances such as wood, gasoline, or natural gas.

The correct answer is "kiri-kanan." This suggests that the formula for calculating enthalpy of bond energy is based on the direction of the reaction, specifically from left to right. This implies that the enthalpy change can be determined by comparing the energy of the reactants to the energy of the products.

The correct answer is "pembakaran 1 mol karbon menghasilkan kalor sebesar 393,5 kJ". This is because the given thermodynamic equation shows the combustion of 1 mole of carbon to produce 393.5 kJ of heat.