Prueba Ser Bachiller Completa

The given premises state that people who read frequently have good spelling, and that people who do not read regularly have bad spelling. It is also mentioned that Lucía constantly makes spelling mistakes. Based on these premises, it can be inferred that Lucía probably reads regularly, as this would explain why she has good spelling.

Based on the premises given, it is stated that some Paraguayans drink bitter tea and Carlos drinks bitter tea. From this information, it can be inferred that it is likely that Carlos is Paraguayan.

Based on the given text, the word "segunda ronda de negociaciones" refers to a series of things that develop in an orderly manner during a limited period of time. The text mentions that the second round of negotiations was successful and benefited all parties involved, indicating that it was a planned and organized process that took place over a specific timeframe.

El adjetivo que califica a los sustantivos "pantalón" y "camisa" es "negros".

The main idea of the text is the foolishness of discussions about writing among inexperienced individuals. The conversation between the gauchos in the pulpería highlights their lack of literacy and their attempts to prove their knowledge or challenge each other's understanding. The wager between Albarracín and Cabrera about the word "trara" demonstrates their ignorance and the futility of their arguments. The old man, Álvarez, ultimately dismisses their debate by affirming that the word can be written, emphasizing the pointlessness of their discussion.

The passage suggests that the child had the ability to fly but chose not to because he was afraid of being laughed at. This implies that worrying about other people's opinions can be harmful and prevent individuals from fully embracing their abilities and potential.

The correct answer is "Nube". In the given fragment, the poet uses metaphors to describe different elements of nature. The metaphor "Nube" is used to describe the white, fluffy clouds in the sky. The poet compares the clouds to a small white stain or blot that has been outlined with an eraser. This metaphor helps to create a vivid image of the clouds and their appearance in the sky.

The correct answer suggests that a book should not be judged based on public liking or disliking, but rather on its artistic quality. This aligns with the statement in the passage that a book is not moral or immoral, but rather well or poorly written. Both statements emphasize the importance of evaluating a book based on its artistic merit rather than societal opinions or moral judgments.

The given text provides a set of instructions for preparing a dish called "locro de papas". It outlines a step-by-step process, including the ingredients and the cooking procedure. This type of text is commonly known as an "instructivo" or instructional text, as its main purpose is to guide the reader on how to perform a specific task or activity.

The text states that the ability to improve visual attention is supported by a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. This is because our brain is constantly trying to anticipate what will happen next, whether it's listening to a conversation, driving, or even performing a delicate task like surgery. Additionally, Daphne Bavelier, an expert in cognitive science, points out that playing video games has a beneficial effect on our learning ability by allowing us to identify relevant visual information and suppress irrelevant information. Therefore, the thesis of the text is that visual attention improves with some video games.

The given answer is supported by the statement "Los cambios son muchos y casi todos son consecuencia de que, en Internet, las actividades tienen que realizarse en un tiempo menor." This statement implies that one of the consequences of using the internet is that activities need to be done in a shorter amount of time. Therefore, it can be inferred that the argument of consequence in the text is that activities on the internet have to be done in a shorter time.

The correct answer is 1, 2.

In sentence 1, the word "inocente" and "culpable" are spelled correctly.

In sentence 2, the word "efervescente" is spelled correctly.

Sentence 3 contains a spelling mistake, as the correct spelling is "decente" instead of "desente".

Sentence 4 also contains a spelling mistake, as the correct spelling is "convencente" instead of "convinsente".

The correct answer is 1, 2. The first and second sentences correctly use the rules of spelling. In sentence 1, "gestión" and "poesía" are spelled correctly, and in sentence 2, "Cantar" and "Mío" are capitalized correctly. Sentence 3 incorrectly uses "jesticulación" instead of "gesticulación," and sentence 4 incorrectly uses "jestación" instead of "gestación."

The word "creyente" (believer) is the antonym of the word "escéptico" (skeptical). The passage states that Alfred Nobel mentioned being skeptical about the results of creating a large fund for promoting the idea of peace. Therefore, the antonym of skeptical would be believer, indicating someone who has faith or confidence in the results.

The given passage describes the Botanical Garden in Gijón as an ideal environment to enjoy nature. It mentions various types of birds that can be seen there. The antonym of "escaso" (scarce) would be a word that means abundant or plentiful. However, none of the other options - profuso, rebosante, or exuberante - fit this meaning. Therefore, the correct answer is "escaso" (scarce).

The word "exquisita" is the antonym of the word "insípida" in the given text. The text mentions that if the fruit does not start to turn yellow, it is a sign that it is "insípida" (tasteless). Therefore, "exquisita" (exquisite) can be considered the opposite of "insípida" as it implies a delicious and flavorful taste.

The analogy in this question is comparing the relationship between a letter and a word to the relationship between a sentence and a paragraph. Just as a letter is a smaller component that makes up a word, a sentence is a smaller component that makes up a paragraph. Therefore, the correct answer is "palabra - párrafo".

La canción tenía un ritmo y una letra únicos, aspecto que destacó el jurado calificador.

La directiva del barrio y el honorable cuerpo de la policía expusieron las nuevas normas de seguridad al gentío que se dio lugar en la plaza central de la ciudad.

Los estudiantes citaron a las luchadoras Ximena y Lucía para que hablen con las autoridades debido a la injusta decisión y ordenanza, expuestas por la dirección.

The element of communication that varies in this scenario is the channel. In the first instance, Esteban chooses to communicate his news to his mother through a written letter. However, in the second instance, he communicates the same news to his mother verbally, by repeating the same words from the letter. The channel of communication changes from written to verbal, which is why it is the element that varies in this case.

The slogan "Magnificencia y distinción en una sofisticada línea de exclusivos diseños para una jornada a la moda" employs a level of language that is appropriate for the target audience, which is office-going women. The use of sophisticated and elegant language reflects the high-end nature of the clothing line and appeals to the professional and stylish sensibilities of the target audience.

This answer correctly paraphrases the original text by stating that music is essential for existence because it expresses affection and love, and without it, there is no goodness. This captures the main idea of the original text, which emphasizes the importance and beauty of music in life.

The given text is an editorial because it expresses the opinion of the author on the topic of promoting local tourism. The author argues that promoting local tourism is necessary as it allows for the appreciation of multiculturalism and generates employment. The text also provides information about the International Tourism Fair in Guayaquil, which supports the author's argument. Therefore, the text fits the characteristics of an editorial, which is a type of non-literary text that presents a point of view on a specific topic.

The given text is a narrative that tells a story about a character named Andrés and his decision to collect materials to build his own city. It includes elements such as characters, setting, and plot, which are typical of a short story or a "cuento" in Spanish. Therefore, the correct answer is "Cuento".

The correct order to form a sentence is "Para estudiantes de alto rendimiento impartieron una clase de atletismo". This means "They gave a class of athletics for high-performance students".

Based on the information given, the word "determinación" can be understood as "decisión".

The analogy is based on the relationship between the words "penuria" and "sanidad". "Penuria" means scarcity or lack, while "sanidad" means health or well-being. Therefore, the correct answer is "carencia - salud" because "carencia" means lack or scarcity, which is similar to "penuria", and "salud" means health, which is similar to "sanidad".

The analogy is comparing the relationship between two objects: leather and shoe, and glass and cup. Both leather and shoe are materials or objects related to each other, as leather is commonly used to make shoes. Similarly, glass and cup are also related, as glass is the material commonly used to make cups. Therefore, the correct answer is "Zapato - cristal" because it represents the same relationship as the given analogy.

Based on the premises given, it is stated that feathers cause allergies in certain people and that allergies can cause irritation. It is also mentioned that Margarita has a strong irritation in her eyes. Therefore, it can be inferred that Margarita is likely allergic to feathers.

The word marked in bold refers to "cosa que puede servir para un determinado fin" which means "something that can serve a specific purpose". In the given context, the sentence is talking about language being seen as just a means of communication, but it is more than that as it can serve a specific purpose or function.

The word "hendidura" is referring to a "prisma de hierro para trabajar en él a martillo los metales" which means an iron prism used to work metals with a hammer. This is indicated by the context of the sentence, where it mentions that the strong blows of the blacksmith created the "hendidura" in the anvil. Therefore, the correct meaning of the word is a tool used in metalworking.

The correct answer is "Ayer tuvimos que herbir el agua para prevenir cualquier enfermedad." The correct spelling is "hervir" instead of "herbir."

The extinction of the white-tipped shark species would result in an increase in the population of producers, such as mantas, dolphins, and seals. This is because these predators feed on herbivorous fish, which are the primary consumers. Without the presence of the white-tipped sharks, the population of primary consumers would increase, leading to a higher availability of food for the producers.

The correct answer is 3, 4. This is because increasing sanctions for indiscriminate hunting and declaring the areas where the condors live as protected can help in the conservation of the species. By imposing stricter penalties for illegal hunting, it discourages people from engaging in this activity and reduces the threat to the condors. Additionally, declaring the areas where they live as protected ensures that their habitat is preserved and provides a safe environment for them to thrive.

The given passage states that the extraction of minerals in the Andean paramo has increased, resulting in changes in the soil layers. One long-term consequence of this increased extraction is an increment in erosion. As the mining activities remove large amounts of soil and vegetation, it destabilizes the land and makes it more susceptible to erosion by wind and water. This erosion can lead to the loss of fertile topsoil, degradation of the ecosystem, and potential damage to nearby water sources.

Ecuador se encuentra en una zona de alta complejidad tectónica debido a la subducción de la placa de Nazca bajo la placa Sudamericana. Esta subducción ha provocado la formación de cordilleras, lo que ha modificado el relieve terrestre en Ecuador.

The passage explains that one of the causes of choking is the malfunctioning of a structure that redirects food towards the digestive system and prevents it from entering the respiratory pathways. Based on this information, the structure that is responsible for this function is the epiglottis.

The diagram shows two water molecules, each composed of two hydrogen atoms (H) and one oxygen atom (O). According to the law of conservation of matter, the mass of the reactants should be equal to the mass of the products. The atomic weight of hydrogen is 1 uma, and the atomic weight of oxygen is 16 uma. Therefore, the total mass of the two water molecules would be (2 x 1 uma) + (1 x 16 uma) = 18 uma.

The characteristics of the evolution of manatees that support Lamarckism are the intentional and directed efforts to adapt to life underwater, such as the disappearance of fur and the development of fins (characteristic 1), and the successful transfer of acquired traits, like the development of fins, to their offspring (characteristic 4). This aligns with Lamarck's theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics, where an organism can pass on traits it acquired during its lifetime to its offspring.

The strategies implemented have been successful for the following reasons:

2. Prohibiting the capture of ovulated females ensures the future exploitation of this resource is not endangered. By protecting the reproductive females, the population can continue to reproduce and sustain itself.

3. The seasonal fishing of lobsters is necessary for natural regeneration of the population. By allowing the population to reproduce during certain periods, it ensures that there is a continuous supply of lobsters in the future.

These strategies together contribute to the recovery and balance between the survival and utilization of the lobster population.

La respuesta correcta es entregarlo a un centro de rescate para que se encarguen de su cuidado. Esto se debe a que los osos de anteojos son animales salvajes que requieren cuidados especializados y un entorno adecuado para su recuperación. Un centro de rescate tendrá los recursos y conocimientos necesarios para proporcionarle al cachorro los cuidados adecuados y prepararlo para su eventual liberación en su hábitat natural. Llevarlo a casa, devolverlo a su hábitat natural o donarlo a una tienda de mascotas no serían opciones adecuadas para garantizar su bienestar a largo plazo.

The technique used for the recovery of the patient is tissue culture. This involves producing skin from the patient's own cells and using nanostructures to achieve elasticity. Agarose is also used in the process to allow the skin to adhere and prevent rejection.

The daily consumption of yogurt containing probiotics improves digestion and prevents foodborne infections. This is because the lactic probiotics collaborate with the bacterial flora in the colon to maintain its balance and allow the body to fight against pathogens that enter the system, thereby increasing the body's defenses.

The correct answer is "Testículos". In the given text, it is mentioned that the patient has a deficit in the production of spermatozoa, which is caused by a low concentration of them in the semen. The testicles are responsible for the production of spermatozoa, so a malfunction in the testicles can lead to infertility in the patient.

El hielo seco se forma a través de un proceso llamado retrosublimación, donde el dióxido de carbono gaseoso se enfría y se comprime, lo que permite que se cristalice en forma de CO2 sólido. Las fuerzas de Van der Waals son las responsables de esta cristalización, ya que al aumentar la presión, las moléculas de CO2 se acercan entre sí y se forman enlaces débiles que mantienen la estructura sólida.

The high boiling point of the substance used to heat the containers is due to the forces dipole-dipole interactions. These interactions occur between molecules that have a permanent dipole moment, meaning they have a positive and negative end. These dipoles attract each other, resulting in higher boiling points. In contrast, gravitational and electromagnetic interactions do not play a significant role in determining the boiling point of a substance. Forces ion-dipole interactions occur between ions and polar molecules, but they are not mentioned in the given question. Therefore, the correct answer is forces dipole-dipole interactions.

The correct answer is 2, 3, 1, 4. This is because the levels of ecological organization start with the individual species (3), which then come together to form a community (1). Multiple communities interacting with each other form an ecosystem (2). Finally, all the populations within an ecosystem make up the highest level, which is the biosphere (4).

If the autotrophic organisms in an ecosystem are severely affected by the presence of hydrocarbons in the soil and no remediation plan is implemented, the long-term consequence would be the disappearance of the ecosystem due to the absence of autotrophs. Autotrophs, such as plants, are the primary producers in an ecosystem and play a crucial role in the food chain by converting sunlight into energy through photosynthesis. Without autotrophs, the rest of the levels in the ecosystem would not receive the necessary energy and nutrients, leading to the collapse and disappearance of the entire ecosystem.

The correct answer is "darwinismo - heredadas". This is because the sentence mentions the concept of "adaptación frente a cambios en el ambiente" (adaptation to changes in the environment) and "transmisión a las siguientes generaciones" (transmission to the next generations), which are key ideas in Darwin's theory of natural selection. According to Darwinism, traits that are beneficial for survival and reproduction are more likely to be passed on to future generations, leading to the inheritance of these characteristics.

The correct answer is "utilizar detergentes y desinfectantes a base de fosfatos." This is because the use of detergents and disinfectants based on phosphates can have harmful effects on the environment, such as water pollution and the disruption of ecosystems. The other activities mentioned in the text, such as acquiring products packaged in biodegradable containers, reducing the use of plastic bags, and repairing appliances instead of buying new ones, contribute to preserving the environment and living in an ecologically balanced environment.

The correct answer is 3, 4. In the given text, it is mentioned that the residents used a large amount of chemicals with high concentrations of hydrochloric acid and muriatic acid to unclog the pipes, which ended up contaminating the water resource. Therefore, using activated carbon to filter the acids (option 1) would not be a conservation practice as it does not prevent the initial contamination. Increasing the use of hydrochloric acid and decreasing muriatic acid in clogged pipes (option 2) would not contribute to conservation either. On the other hand, replacing chemical substances with biodegradable alternatives (option 3) and neutralizing the acids before disposing of them in the water (option 4) would help in conserving the natural resource by reducing pollution.

The correct answer is 1b, 2c. In the given options, example 1b describes the process of termoclastia where rocks in the cliffs of Esmeraldas store saltwater which later evaporates and forms salt crystals that fragment the parent rock. Example 2c describes the process of haloclastism where rocks in the arid lands of the Guayas province are transformed due to sudden temperature changes, with cold nights and hot days. Therefore, the correct answer is 1b, 2c.

The correct answer is "darwinismo - posesión". This is because the sentence is discussing the concept of natural selection and how certain characteristics, such as the ability to camouflage, allow organisms to avoid being hunted and successfully reproduce. The term "darwinismo" refers to the theory of natural selection proposed by Charles Darwin, while "posesión" means possession or ownership, indicating that organisms possess certain advantageous traits.

The correct answer is 2, 3. The options 2 and 3 are related to the reality of Ecuador within the described context. Option 2 states that there was a consolidation of non-governmental organizations to replace social actions that were previously carried out by the state. Option 3 mentions the application of neoliberal policies, such as the gradual devaluation of the sucre (Ecuador's former currency) and reductions in subsidies. These two options align with the changes that occurred in Ecuador during the 1980s, as mentioned in the passage.

The correct answer is 2, 3. The passage discusses the population density in Pichincha being higher than Guayas, indicating the presence of a higher population in a smaller area. This relates to the concept of density demográfica, which is the number of individuals per unit of area. The passage also mentions the increase in the percentage of the population living in cities, indicating urbanization. Therefore, the indicators mentioned in the passage are density demográfica (2) and tasa de urbanización (3).

The correct answer is 1, 3. This means that option 1 is true, stating that Guayas has a higher population density than Manabí. Option 3 is also true, stating that Cotopaxi has a lower population density than El Oro.

The correct answer is Tsáchila. The passage describes an indigenous community in Ecuador that is primarily located in the canton of Alluriquín. They are known for their Tsáfiqui language, agricultural economy, and distinctive clothing, particularly the striking hair color of the men, which is achieved by using animal fat and achiote.

The correct answer is "reciclaje - educación." The passage discusses how humans have found a way to care for and preserve the environment through the recycling of objects, which are classified according to their pollutant components. This action has allowed for the promotion of environmental education through school projects and student participation, enabling the practical application of knowledge for the benefit of environmental conservation.

The correct answer is 2, 4. This is because preserving and transmitting cultural heritage to future generations (option 2) is essential for the exercise of cultural rights. Additionally, having cultural materials, media, and information available in accessible formats for everyone (option 4) ensures that individuals can freely participate in the cultural life of their community, as stated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Option 1, which suggests total privatization of cultural goods and services, does not promote the positive social interaction of individuals and communities or the enjoyment of cultural rights. Option 3, which focuses on integrated and intercultural approaches to food and healthcare, is not directly related to the exercise of cultural rights.

The correct answer is 2, 3.

Based on the text, the students' proposal to include healthy food options in the school menu aligns with the right to an adequate standard of living that ensures well-being (option 2). Additionally, their organization and suggestion in the form of a letter to the school director demonstrate the exercise of freedom of expression and opinion (option 3).

Between the 11th and 13th centuries, Arab culture produced a great development in the field of medicine and separated it from religion. One of its most prominent exponents was Averroes, who in the Book on the Generalities of Medicine, exposed knowledge about anatomy, pathologies, and principles for determining the application of vaccines.

The correct answer is "auge del liberalismo económico" (boom of economic liberalism). The text mentions that Ecuador was affected by the Great Depression, which implies that there were negative consequences. The reduction of foreign investment, the fall in imports of goods, and the decrease in state income are all plausible consequences of an economic crisis. However, the text does not mention any positive consequence or boom in economic liberalism.

The correct answer is 1, 2. The population can collaborate in reducing the problem presented in the text by organizing neighborhood committees for the classification of organic and recyclable waste, as well as by planting native plants in domestic gardens to promote native flora. These actions can contribute to reducing resource consumption and optimizing their use in urban areas.

The correct answer is "Aumento en la participación laboral femenina." This is because the graph shows a decrease in the crude birth rate, which can be attributed to various factors. One possible explanation is the increase in female labor force participation. When women are more involved in the workforce, they may choose to delay or limit their childbearing, leading to a decrease in the birth rate.

The text refers to the indigenous population. It mentions that this population is mainly located in the provinces of Napo, Pastaza, Morona Santiago, Cotopaxi, and Bolivar, and represents 7% of the total population of the country. It also states that the indigenous population has the lowest number of years of schooling, with an average of 6.4 years compared to the national average of 9.3 years.

The correct answer is 1b, 2a, 3c. This is because reducing the use of automobiles gradually helps in reducing the emission of greenhouse gases, which is a major environmental problem. Keeping storm drains and sewers clean helps in preventing the contamination of water sources, which is another environmental issue. Controlling the burning of grasslands helps in preventing the loss of native flora and fauna, which is also an environmental concern.

The correct answer is "Participar en el gobierno del país". This is because the text mentions that the citizens are able to participate actively in the decision-making process related to the environmental care of the region and the well-being of the population. The use of the open council system allows the citizens to be informed about government proposals and have a say in decision-making, which aligns with the right to participate in the government of the country.

The correct answer is 1c, 2a, 3b because it matches the relationship between the rights and the practices that promote their exercise. The first right is the freedom of peaceful assembly and association, which is related to the practice of creating study groups to strengthen what is learned in the classroom. The second right is the participation in the government of the country, directly or indirectly, which is related to the practice of initiating the procedures for the revocation of the mandate of a state authority. The third right is the assistance and special care for mothers and infants, which is related to the practice of requesting health entities to provide training to pregnant women.

The text states that the current production and consumption of energy contributes to climate change, which has led to an increase in global temperature and a reduction in Arctic ice. Based on this information, the impacts in Ecuador would be an increase in forest fires (2) and a shift in the dry and rainy seasons (4). There is no mention of a decrease in CO2 emissions (1) or an increase in solid waste production (3).

The correct answer is 2, 3. The table shows a decrease in the birth rate over time. This can be explained by two factors: an increase in the index of life expectancy and the expansion of urban sectors. As life expectancy increases, people may choose to have fewer children. Additionally, as urban areas expand, there may be a decrease in the desire or ability to have larger families. Factors such as increased female participation in the workforce and improvements in prenatal care (options 1 and 4) may also have an impact on birth rates, but they are not mentioned in the given information.

The correct answer is Peguche. The question asks for the indigenous community in the province of Imbabura that has developed various enterprises related to the production of textiles with ethnic motifs. The answer, Peguche, is the correct option as it is a community located in Imbabura that is known for its textile production and has gained recognition both nationally and internationally.

The correct answer is Saraguro. The passage mentions that this indigenous pueblo represents 4% of the total Kichwa population and is located in the provinces of Loja and Zamora Chinchipe. They are known for their black ponchos and white hats with black spots.

La opción correcta es 1c, 2b, 3a. Esta respuesta relaciona el problema ambiental de la contaminación de ríos con la práctica de vaciar el aceite usado en recipientes en lugar de verterlo en el drenaje. También relaciona el problema de la tala masiva y deforestación con la práctica de imprimir en ambas caras del papel y reciclar cartones. Por último, relaciona el problema del uso de la energía con la práctica de optimizar el tiempo en el que se mantiene encendido el computador. Estas prácticas contribuyen a disminuir el impacto del problema ambiental mencionado.