Test Z První Pomoci Quiz

In case of repeated diarrhea, the recommended course of action is to provide only a diet consisting of easily digestible foods, animal charcoal, and unsweetened fluids. If the condition does not improve within 24 hours, it is advised to seek medical attention. This approach helps to reduce the workload on the digestive system and prevent further irritation, while also ensuring that the body stays hydrated. Seeking medical advice is crucial if the symptoms persist, as it may indicate an underlying condition that requires professional intervention.

The correct answer is "vždy je nutné vyhledat lékařskou pomoc (případně zavolat záchrannou službu)." This is because the person experienced a head injury, confusion, vomiting, and excessive sleepiness, which are all concerning symptoms. It is important to seek medical help in such cases to ensure proper evaluation and treatment, as these symptoms could indicate a more serious underlying condition.

The correct answer suggests that in the event of a burn, the best course of action is to cool the affected area with clean water for several minutes. Usually, no further treatment is necessary. If a blister forms later, it is advised not to puncture it. This explanation provides a clear and concise summary of the correct answer without including the "The correct answer is" statement.

Resuscitace (oživování) je postup, který se používá k dočasné náhradě a případnému obnovení životních funkcí, jako je oběh krve a dýchání. Tento postup se provádí při selhání těchto funkcí a je klíčovým prvkem první pomoci při záchraně života.

Heimlichův manévr je správnou volbou, protože se jedná o metodu první pomoci při udušení cizím tělesem. Stisknutí nadbřišku směrem dozadu a nahoru pomáhá vytvořit tlak, který může vypudit cizí těleso z dýchacích cest a umožnit postiženému opět volně dýchat.

The correct answer suggests that the first aid response to a child being stung by a wasp on the leg is to cool the affected area with cold water or apply cold compresses. If available, antiallergic medication should be given by chewing a tablet or applying an antiallergic gel. If the child does not experience any further symptoms within the next 30 minutes, no further action is necessary. This response provides immediate relief and addresses potential allergic reactions.

The correct answer is "vystřikuje jasně červená krev." This is because arterial bleeding, which is a type of arterial bleeding, typically results in bright red blood spurting or squirting out of the wound. This is due to the high pressure in the arteries. Venous bleeding, on the other hand, usually results in dark red blood flowing freely from the wound.

The correct answer is to administer any antiallergic medications if available (1-2 tablets to chew and drink with a sip of cold water), apply cold compresses to the neck, sit the affected person calmly, continuously monitor their consciousness and breathing. This is the appropriate response in case of a person being stung by a wasp in the root of their tongue after drinking a soda. It focuses on providing immediate relief for the allergic reaction caused by the sting, ensuring the person's comfort and safety, and monitoring their vital signs.

The correct answer is to cool the burnt forearm with clean water for several minutes. This is the best initial treatment for a burn caused by hot water before the arrival of emergency services. Cooling the burn with water helps to reduce pain, prevent further tissue damage, and minimize the severity of the burn. It is important to use clean water to avoid infection. Other options mentioned, such as applying any ointment or toothpaste, or using multiple layers of sterile dressing, are not recommended as they may not provide the necessary cooling effect and can potentially worsen the burn.

Based on the symptoms described (tight, burning pain behind the sternum, sweating, vomiting), it is likely that the person is experiencing a heart attack. In such cases, immediate medical attention is crucial. Calling emergency services (záchranná služba) is the correct course of action, and while waiting for their arrival, it is important to closely monitor the person's ability to communicate and breathe. This answer prioritizes the urgency of the situation and the need for professional medical help.

In case of nosebleed, the correct procedure is to have the affected person sit down with their head slightly tilted forward, apply pressure to the nostrils, and place cold compresses on the back of the neck. If the bleeding does not stop within approximately 30 minutes, the person should be taken to a doctor or emergency medical services should be called. This approach helps to control the bleeding and ensures that the person receives appropriate medical attention if necessary.

Before calling the emergency line, it is most important to know where we are. Knowing our location is crucial for the emergency services to reach us quickly and provide the necessary help.

The most important first aid action in this situation would be to cover the injured person with a blanket or coat to maintain body temperature. The person is conscious and complaining of difficulty breathing, abdominal pain, and severe pain in the leg, which is bent at an unnatural angle. Sitting against a tree indicates that the person is stable and not in immediate danger. However, covering them with a blanket or coat is crucial to prevent hypothermia and maintain their body temperature.

The correct answer is to place the person in a side-lying position with the head turned towards the ground (the "recovery position"), as this position reduces the risk of inhaling vomit, which is high in this case.

The correct answer is to place the child on the forearm with their abdomen facing down, support their head with the hand, and repeatedly pat their back energetically. This is the correct first step in providing first aid for a choking infant. Placing the child in this position helps to clear the airway by using gravity and the force of the pats on the back to dislodge the obstruction.

In this scenario, the person has a deep cut on their hand that is causing a steady flow of blood. The correct answer suggests that the first step is to immediately apply pressure to the wound with fingers to help stop the bleeding. Then, a pressure bandage should be applied, potentially using multiple layers, to further control the bleeding. If the bleeding continues, the next step is to use a tourniquet to constrict the blood flow in the area between the elbow and shoulder. This approach ensures that the bleeding is addressed effectively and promptly.

When a person with severe diabetes is sweating excessively, pale, and behaving confused or aggressive, it is likely that they are experiencing hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). In such cases, providing them with a sweet drink, chocolate, or a sugar cube can help quickly raise their blood sugar levels and alleviate their symptoms. This is why the correct answer suggests offering the person any sweet drink, chocolate, or sugar cube as part of first aid.

The correct answer is to carry the affected young girl out of the bathroom. This is because the question states that she is unconscious, bluish, and breathing with a snoring sound. These symptoms suggest that she may be experiencing a gas poisoning or carbon monoxide poisoning from the gas heater in the bathroom. Therefore, the immediate priority is to remove her from the source of the potential danger, which is the bathroom, to prevent further exposure to the gas and ensure her safety.

If the person starts breathing normally, resuscitation can be stopped.

Zaškrcení končetiny (tourniquet) se používá pouze výjimečně, pokud krvácení nelze zvládnout přiložením tlakového obvazu několika vrstvách. Tourniquet je metoda pro zastavení krvácení, která se používá v případech, kdy není možné zastavit krvácení jinými prostředky. Použití tourniquetu je omezené, protože může vést k vážným následkům, jako je poškození tkání a dokonce ztráta končetiny. Proto je důležité nejprve vyzkoušet jiné metody, jako je přiložení tlakového obvazu, a použít tourniquet pouze v případě neúspěchu těchto metod.

This answer is correct because the term "stabilizovanou" or "zotavovací" refers to the position in which a person lies on their side with their head turned towards the surface they are lying on. This position is often used in medical settings to promote recovery and prevent complications such as pressure ulcers.

In this situation, the correct answer is to lightly cover both eyes with a dry dressing and transport the affected person to a doctor. This is because the person has a foreign object in their eye and is experiencing severe pain. By covering both eyes, we can protect the affected eye from further irritation or damage during transportation. Seeking medical attention is important as a healthcare professional will have the necessary tools and expertise to safely remove the foreign object and provide appropriate treatment.

The given answer lists symptoms that are commonly associated with shock due to internal bleeding. These symptoms include paleness, sweating, a tired expression, a feeling of fear for one's life, and apathy. These symptoms indicate a decrease in blood volume and oxygen supply to the body's tissues, which can occur in cases of internal bleeding. The other options listed in the question, such as a strong reaction to pain or increased temperature and hot hands, are not typically associated with shock due to internal bleeding.

The correct answer is to immediately call the emergency services. The description of the grandmother's condition suggests that she may be experiencing a medical emergency, as she is pale, sweaty, and responding slowly. Calling the emergency services is the most appropriate action to ensure that she receives the necessary medical attention promptly.

The question asks which maneuver does not belong among the "vypuzovací manévry" (expulsion maneuvers). The first two options, Gordonův manévr and Heimlichův manévr, are both techniques used to expel foreign objects or clear airways in emergency situations. However, Esmarchův manévr is not an expulsion maneuver but rather a technique used to position the patient in a stabilized position with a head tilt. Therefore, Esmarchův manévr is the correct answer as it does not belong to the category of expulsion maneuvers.

The most important factor for the quality of resuscitation is performing uninterrupted chest compressions with the correct frequency and depth. This means that the rescuer should avoid any unnecessary interruptions in chest compressions, ensuring that they are performed at the appropriate rate and depth. This is crucial for maintaining blood flow to the vital organs and increasing the chances of successful resuscitation.

The optimal compression rate for CPR is 100 compressions per minute, which is almost 2 compressions per second. This rate applies to all individuals who require CPR. The explanation suggests that maintaining a regular rhythm of compressions is crucial, and it does not specify any variations based on age or other factors.

The priority of lay first aid in this situation will be to wrap the injured person in something warm to prevent the development of a state of shock. This is because the person is sitting on the ground in the snow, which can lead to hypothermia and exacerbate their condition. By providing warmth, it helps to maintain their body temperature and stabilize their condition until professional help arrives. The other options, such as fixing fractures and placing the person on a flat surface, are important but not the immediate priority in this situation.

In case of a deep cut with a continuous stream of blood, the immediate action should be to apply direct pressure on the wound using fingers to stop the bleeding. Then, a pressure bandage should be applied. If the bleeding continues, the next step is to apply a tourniquet above the injury site, in the thigh area. This method helps to control the bleeding effectively and prevent further blood loss.

The correct answer is 155. This is the direct emergency number for the rescue service in the Czech Republic.

The given answer suggests that "Lapavé dechy" are a typical sign of sudden circulatory arrest, indicating the immediate need for resuscitation, particularly through indirect heart massage.

The correct answer is "při úplném vyčerpání zachránců." This means that resuscitation can be stopped when the rescuers are completely exhausted. Since the arrival of the emergency services is expected to take several tens of minutes due to the difficult accessibility of the location, it is likely that the rescuers will become physically exhausted before they can be relieved. In such a situation, it may be necessary to stop resuscitation efforts even if they have not been successful for at least 20 minutes.

If for any reason we cannot or do not want to perform mouth-to-mouth breathing during resuscitation, we should continue with uninterrupted chest compressions. This is because chest compressions alone can still provide some circulation and oxygenation to the body, increasing the chances of survival until further medical intervention can be provided.

The correct answer states that the first step is to gently place the affected person back into the seat and slightly tilt their head. If they do not start breathing, they should be removed from the cabin and resuscitation should be initiated. During the extraction process, the utmost care should be taken to avoid further injury to the spine and spinal cord, but the priority is to restore vital functions. This explanation accurately summarizes the steps to be taken in order to provide immediate medical assistance to the affected person while considering their safety and the preservation of potential evidence.

After the unexpected birth, the newborn baby needs to be dried with a towel or cloth and wrapped in several layers to keep warm. It is also important to tie the umbilical cord with a bandage if possible. The explanation suggests that this is the immediate action that needs to be taken, without wasting time on unnecessary treatment or transportation to a doctor.

When treating a victim with a bleeding injury after a traffic accident, there is a risk of infection transmission. Therefore, it is always advisable to use rubber gloves to protect oneself from coming into direct contact with the victim's blood, which may contain infectious agents. The other options suggest that there is no practical risk of infection transmission or that the risk is minimal if the rescuer washes their hands within five minutes after treatment. However, the most cautious approach is to always use gloves to ensure maximum protection against infection.

The best position for a conscious person who reports difficulty breathing is to sit or semi-sit with the option to lean their hands on a chair or cushion. This position helps to open up the airways and allows for better breathing. Sitting upright or semi-upright can also help to alleviate any pressure on the chest and lungs, making it easier for the person to breathe. The option to lean their hands on a chair or cushion provides additional support and stability, allowing the person to maintain a comfortable position while breathing.

The correct answer is to apply a pressure bandage and, if necessary, elevate the limb. This is the appropriate first aid response for venous bleeding from a limb. Applying a pressure bandage helps to control the bleeding by applying direct pressure to the wound. Elevating the limb can also help to reduce blood flow to the area and further control the bleeding.

If circulation is not restored during cardiac arrest, brain cells will begin to irreversibly die after approximately 3-5 minutes.

The best position for a conscious individual who is experiencing difficulty breathing is to sit semi-upright or in a seated position with the option to support their hands on a cushion. This position allows for better expansion of the lungs and can help alleviate breathing difficulties.

The correct answer suggests that the person should be left in the position they are in and, if it is not a hot summer day, they should be covered with a coat or blanket. This is important because the person is likely in pain and may be in shock, so it is important to keep them warm and comfortable while waiting for medical help to arrive.

The correct answer is to leave the person in the position they are in, ensure their safety to prevent any injuries during the seizure, call emergency services, and wait for the seizure to subside. This approach is recommended because moving the person during a seizure can cause further injury, and it is important to prioritize their safety. Calling for medical assistance is necessary to ensure proper care and evaluation of the person's condition. Waiting for the seizure to end is important as most seizures are self-limiting and will naturally stop on their own.

The best approach for removing a tick is to disinfect the area and remove the tick with gentle and twisting movements. This helps to minimize the risk of infection and ensures that the tick is completely removed without leaving any parts behind. Applying any kind of ointment and waiting for the tick to fall off on its own is not recommended. Similarly, turning the tick clockwise to remove it is also not the correct approach.

The correct answer is the first option, which states that the basic procedure for resuscitating an adult by a layperson includes calling for help, tilting the head, initiating and performing chest compressions, and potentially providing mouth-to-mouth breathing. This sequence follows the recommended guidelines for CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) and emphasizes the importance of immediate chest compressions to maintain blood flow to vital organs. Mouth-to-mouth breathing may also be performed if the rescuer is willing and able to do so.

The correct answer is "na hrudní kosti asi uprostřed hrudníku." This is because indirect cardiac massage is performed by compressing the sternum, which is the bone in the middle of the chest.

The optimal compression depth for indirect cardiac massage in adults is 5-6 cm. This depth allows for effective circulation of blood and oxygen to the heart and brain. Going deeper than this may cause damage to internal organs, while compressing with less depth may not provide sufficient blood flow. Therefore, maintaining a compression depth of 5-6 cm is recommended for effective CPR.

In this situation, the correct answer is to immediately apply pressure to the wound using fingers or any suitable semi-hard object (such as a bandage package) and call for help. This is the most appropriate response because applying direct pressure to the wound helps to control the bleeding and prevent further blood loss, while calling for help ensures that medical assistance will be provided as soon as possible.

After ensuring that no one else approaches the wreckage and not manipulating the affected person, the next step is to extricate the person and place them on their back. The head should be slightly tilted and the mouth cleared. If the person does not start breathing, resuscitation should be initiated. While extricating the person, it is important to proceed as gently as possible considering the risk of spinal cord and vertebral injury, but the priority is to restore vital functions.

The correct answer states that we should leave the affected person in the position they are in and wait for the seizure to subside. After that, we should turn them onto their back, tilt their head back, and assess their condition. This approach ensures the safety of the person during the seizure and allows for appropriate care once it has ended.

The correct answer is to use any floating object (such as a PET bottle or a piece of wood), tie it to a rope, and try to throw it as close as possible to the person in the water. This is the best course of action because it provides a floating support for the person in distress, allowing them to hold onto it and stay afloat until further assistance arrives.