اختبار تحصيلي(2) /أسعديه

The correct answer is "المهاق". المهاق is the Arabic term for albinism, a genetic disorder that results from the loss or deficiency of the pigment melanin. This condition affects the production of melanin, which is responsible for the color of the skin, hair, and eyes. People with albinism typically have very light or white hair, skin, and eye color, and they may also have vision problems due to the lack of pigment in the eyes.

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The correct answer is "جماعة حيوية" (biological group). This answer accurately describes a group of sardine fish competing for food. It implies that the sardines are living organisms and highlights their collective behavior. The other options, such as "مجتمع حيوي" (biological community), "نظام بيئي" (ecosystem), and "غلاف حيوي" (biological envelope), do not specifically convey the idea of a group of fish competing for food.

فقدان الذاكرة يحدث في المخ.

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The correct answer is الاميليز. This is because الاميليز is the enzyme responsible for the initial digestion of carbohydrates. It breaks down complex carbohydrates, such as starch, into smaller molecules like glucose, which can be easily absorbed by the body.

The correct answer is "غريزي" (instinctive). This term refers to behavior that is innate and instinctual, meaning it is genetically determined and not learned or acquired through experience. It is a behavior that is naturally and automatically performed without conscious thought or decision-making.

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The given correct answer is "قانون" (law). This suggests that the statement "الطاقة لاتفنى ولا تستحدث من العدم" (Energy cannot be created or destroyed) is a law rather than a theory or an experiment. Laws in science are well-established principles or rules that have been repeatedly observed and tested, and are considered to be universally applicable. In this case, the law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can only be transferred or transformed from one form to another.

الذاتية (autotrophs) هي المخلوقات التي تستطيع صنع الطاقة الغذائية من خلال عملية التمثيل الضوئي، مثل النباتات الخضراء وبعض البكتيريا. وبالتالي، فإن الذاتية تعتبر مهمة في دورة الحياة حيث توفر الموارد الغذائية اللازمة للكائنات الأخرى التي تعتمد على الذاتية للحصول على الطاقة والغذاء.

The presence of centrioles is the key difference between plant and animal cells during the preliminary stage of mitosis. Plant cells do not have centrioles, while animal cells do. Centrioles play a crucial role in organizing the spindle fibers that help separate the chromosomes during cell division. Therefore, the presence of centrioles can be used to distinguish between plant and animal cells in the early stages of cell division.

Since the question states that the percentage of thymine in DNA is 29%, it implies that the remaining percentage must be divided among the other three nucleotides: adenine, guanine, and cytosine. Therefore, the percentage of adenine would also be 29%.

The correct answer is "الجدار الخلوي" (cell wall). The explanation for this is that both primitive cells and plant cells have a cell wall. The cell wall is a rigid outer layer that provides structural support and protection to the cell. It is made up of cellulose in plant cells and other materials in primitive cells. This similarity in having a cell wall is what distinguishes these types of cells from other types of cells, such as animal cells, which do not have a cell wall.

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is required for both muscle contraction and muscle relaxation. During muscle contraction, ATP is used to power the sliding of actin and myosin filaments, which shortens the muscle fibers and causes the muscle to contract. During muscle relaxation, ATP is needed to pump calcium ions back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum, which allows the muscle fibers to return to their resting state. Therefore, both muscle contraction and muscle relaxation require ATP.

The Golgi apparatus is responsible for protein modification and packaging. It receives proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and modifies them by adding sugars, lipids, or other molecules. It then packages the modified proteins into vesicles and sends them to their final destinations within the cell or outside of the cell. Therefore, the Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in protein trafficking and secretion.

The answer "OY" is the correct answer because it represents a combination of blood types that is incompatible and can lead to death. Blood type O is considered the universal donor, while blood type Y is considered the universal recipient. When blood type O is transfused into a person with blood type Y, the recipient's immune system will recognize the O blood as foreign and attack it, leading to a potentially fatal reaction.

The correct answer is "الشستوسوما" because it is the parasite responsible for causing the disease known as bilharzia or schistosomiasis.

When a doctor refers to the presence of a fracture in irregular bones, it means that the fracture is in the spinal column.

The correct answer is سكروز. سكروز هو نوع من السكر الذي يتكون من تفاعل الجلوكوز والفركتوز. يتم العثور على السكروز في العديد من المصادر الطبيعية مثل قصب السكر والبنجر السكري والفواكه. يعتبر السكروز أحد أنواع السكر الأكثر استخدامًا في العالم ويستخدم على نطاق واسع في الصناعة الغذائية وفي تحضير الأطعمة والمشروبات.

The correct answer is "الجدار الخلوي" (the cell wall). When a person is infected with a bacterial disease, it is important to identify the type of bacteria causing the infection in order to prescribe the appropriate medication. The cell wall is a distinguishing feature of bacterial cells that can help in identifying the type of bacteria present. Different types of bacteria have different cell wall compositions, which can be targeted by specific antibiotics. Therefore, examining the cell wall can help determine the appropriate treatment for the bacterial disease.

The presence of the myelin sheath in the nerve cell prevents the spread of sodium and potassium ions. This, in turn, increases the speed of nerve conduction.

قنفذ البحر هو الجواب الصحيح لأنه يحتوي على أجهزة مضغ تسمى "أسنان القنفذ" التي يستخدمها للطعام. في حين أن الأسفنج وخيار البحر ونجم البحر ليس لديها أجهزة مضغ مماثلة.

When two parents with the genotype AaBb reproduce, the offspring can have different combinations of alleles. In this case, the correct answer indicates that the offspring will have the genotype AaBb, AaBb, AABB, and aabb. This means that some of the offspring will inherit both dominant alleles (A and B) from both parents, resulting in the genotypes AABB. Others will inherit one dominant allele and one recessive allele (a and b) from both parents, resulting in the genotypes AaBb. This combination of genotypes reflects the inheritance patterns of the A and B alleles from the parents.

The given options are Arabic terms that translate to "pulmonary artery," "vena cava," "left ventricle," and "right atrium." The correct answer is "left ventricle." This is because the left ventricle is the chamber of the heart that receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through the pulmonary veins and pumps it out to the rest of the body through the aorta.

The correct answer is "امتصاص الماء" which translates to "water absorption" in English. This is because fungi that grow on potatoes have the ability to absorb water, which is an important function for the growth and survival of these organisms. Water absorption helps in the hydration of the fungi and enables them to carry out various metabolic processes necessary for their growth and reproduction.

The given sequence of DNA was CCCGGA and it became CCCGA. This indicates that a deletion mutation occurred. In a deletion mutation, one or more nucleotides are removed from the DNA sequence, causing a shift in the reading frame. In this case, one nucleotide (G) was deleted, resulting in the sequence CCCGA.

The correct answer is المبيض. The question is asking for a cell that consists of 1N chromosome, which means it has only one set of chromosomes. The only option among the given choices that meets this criteria is المبيض, which refers to the ovary in females. Ovarian cells are haploid, meaning they have half the number of chromosomes compared to other body cells. Therefore, they have 1N chromosome.

The correct answer is Rr/Rr. This is because the presence of red and white flowers suggests that the plants have a heterozygous genotype for the flower color trait. In genetics, R represents the dominant allele for red flowers and r represents the recessive allele for white flowers. Therefore, when two plants with the genotype Rr are crossed, they can produce offspring with both red and white flowers.

When ions of potassium are pumped out of the cell, the cell restores its resting potential. This means that the cell returns to its normal state of electrical polarization, where the inside of the cell is more negative compared to the outside. This restoration of the cell's resting potential allows it to be ready for any further signaling or activity.

The correct answer is "الهيموفيليا" (Hemophilia). Hemophilia is a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the genes responsible for blood clotting. It is linked to the sex chromosomes, specifically the X chromosome. Hemophilia is more commonly found in males because they have only one X chromosome, while females have two. The faulty gene is usually passed down from a carrier mother to her son. This disorder affects the body's ability to control bleeding, leading to prolonged bleeding and easy bruising.

The correct answer states that natural cells take longer in the interphase. This means that natural cells go through a longer period of growth and preparation before entering the next stage of the cell cycle. In contrast, cancer cells tend to divide rapidly and uncontrollably, without properly going through the interphase. Therefore, the difference in the time taken for the interphase is a characteristic that distinguishes natural cells from cancer cells.

الفكوك هي الأعضاء التي يستخدمها الثعبان لسماع الترددات الصوتية. تحتوي الفكوك على أعضاء حسية تسمى العظام السمعية، والتي تتلقى الاهتزازات الصوتية وتحولها إلى إشارات عصبية يمكن للثعبان استشعارها وتفسيرها. هذه العظام السمعية تعمل بشكل مشابه لطبلة الأذن في الكائنات الحية الأخرى، حيث تساعد في تحويل الاهتزازات الصوتية إلى إشارات عصبية يمكن للثعبان استخدامها للسماع والتواصل.

The correct answer is "قرصية" (disk-shaped). This term describes the shape or form of the scales of the sardine fish.

The correct answer is "الثايمين" because it is a nitrogenous base that is found in DNA molecules. The other options, "ادنين," "جوانين," and "يوراسيل," are also nitrogenous bases, but they are found in RNA molecules, not DNA.