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Which of these is a unit of the absolute temperature scale?
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Answer:Kelvin
Explanation:
The Kelvin scale is an absolute temperature scale that starts at absolute zero, the lowest possible temperature where particles have minimal motion. Unlike the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales, which have arbitrary starting points, the Kelvin scale is based on fundamental physical principles, making it a unit of absolute temperature measurement.
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2.
Over ninety percent of the Earth's sun is made of what two elements?
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Answer:Hydrogen And Helium
Explanation:
The sun is primarily composed of hydrogen and helium, with hydrogen making up over 70% of its mass and helium accounting for around 28%. These two elements are the most abundant in the universe and are crucial for the sun's energy-producing nuclear fusion reactions. This composition allows the sun to emit light and heat, sustaining life on Earth.
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3.
What term is used for seepage into a material?
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Answer:Infiltration
Explanation:
Infiltration is the term used to describe the process of seepage into a material, such as water penetrating into soil or other porous substances. This term specifically refers to the movement of substances into a material through small pores or spaces, often influenced by factors such as gravity, pressure, and the properties of the material itself.
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4.
What word means the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a gram of water one degree?
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Answer:Calorie
Explanation:
A calorie is the unit of measurement used to quantify the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius. This unit is commonly used in nutrition to measure the energy content of food and beverages.
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5.
What word means leakage out of a system?
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Answer:Exfiltration
Explanation:
Exfiltration is the term used to describe the leakage or unauthorized removal of data or information from a secure system. This can occur through various means such as hacking, espionage, or simply through human error. In the context of a system, exfiltration refers to the unauthorized transfer of data outside of the system, posing a significant security risk.
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6.
What units are combined in sequence to make proteins?
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Answer:Amino Acids
Explanation:
Proteins are made up of long chains of amino acids, which are organic compounds containing an amino group and a carboxyl group. These amino acids are linked together in a specific sequence to form proteins through a process called protein synthesis. Each protein has a unique sequence of amino acids, which determines its structure and function.
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7.
Which of these is a carbohydrate?
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Answer:Sugar
Explanation:
Sugar is a carbohydrate because it is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in specific ratios, which are characteristic of carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are a group of macronutrients that serve as a primary source of energy for the body. Sugar, specifically glucose and fructose, are simple carbohydrates that provide a quick source of energy when broken down in the body.
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8.
Which one is an element rather than a compound?
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Answer:Gold
Explanation:
Gold is considered an element because it is a pure substance made up of only one type of atom. In contrast, compounds are made up of multiple elements chemically bonded together. Gold, on the other hand, is a single element found on the periodic table with its own unique properties and characteristics.
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9.
One of what unit of volume equals 0.95 litres?
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Answer:Quart
Explanation:
A quart is a unit of volume that is equivalent to 0.95 liters. In the imperial system of measurement, a quart is approximately equal to 0.946 liters. This conversion is commonly used when dealing with recipes or liquid measurements in cooking and baking.
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10.
Oranges are a good source of which vitamin?
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Answer:Vitamin C
Explanation:
Oranges are a good source of Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid. Vitamin C is essential for the growth and repair of tissues in the body, as well as for boosting the immune system and acting as an antioxidant. Oranges are particularly known for their high Vitamin C content, making them a popular choice for maintaining overall health and well-being.
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11.
Which of these is a compound?
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Answer:Carbon Dioxide
Explanation:
Carbon Dioxide is a compound because it is made up of two different elements, carbon and oxygen, chemically bonded together in a fixed ratio. Compounds are substances composed of two or more elements that are chemically combined in a specific way. In the case of Carbon Dioxide, the carbon and oxygen atoms are bonded together in a specific ratio (1:2) to form a distinct compound with unique properties.
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12.
Which carbon compound does "CO2" stand for?
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Answer:Carbon Dioxide
Explanation:
CO2 stands for carbon dioxide, which is a colorless gas composed of one carbon atom bonded to two oxygen atoms. It is a common greenhouse gas and is produced through natural processes like respiration and volcanic eruptions, as well as human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation.
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13.
What is the chemical symbol for gold?
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Answer:Au
Explanation:
Gold's chemical symbol is Au, which is derived from the Latin word "aurum." This symbol has been used for gold since ancient times, making it easily recognizable in the periodic table of elements.
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14.
With what element does hydrogen combine to make water?
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Answer:Oxygen
Explanation:
Hydrogen combines with oxygen to make water because oxygen has a higher electronegativity than hydrogen, leading to the formation of polar covalent bonds between the two elements. This allows for the sharing of electrons, resulting in the creation of water molecules where oxygen attracts more electrons, giving it a partial negative charge, while hydrogen becomes partially positive. This polarity gives water its unique properties such as cohesion, adhesion, and surface tension.
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15.
What gas puts bubbles in a beverage?
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Answer:Carbon Dioxide
Explanation:
Carbon Dioxide is the gas that puts bubbles in a beverage. When carbon dioxide is dissolved in a liquid under pressure, such as in a carbonated beverage, it forms carbonic acid which then breaks down into carbon dioxide gas and water. The release of the carbon dioxide gas creates the bubbles that give the beverage its fizziness.
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16.
What scale rates petrol against a known mixture of iso-octane and heptane?
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Answer:Octane
Explanation:
The octane rating scale measures the resistance of a fuel to engine knocking or pinging during combustion. It compares the performance of a fuel against a mixture of iso-octane and heptane, which are hydrocarbons with known performance characteristics. A higher octane rating indicates that the fuel is more resistant to knocking, making it suitable for high-performance engines or engines with high compression ratios.
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17.
What stage of the scientific method tests a hypothesis?
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Answer:Experimentation
Explanation:
The stage of the scientific method that tests a hypothesis is experimentation. This is where scientists conduct experiments to gather data and evidence to either support or refute the hypothesis. Experimentation allows researchers to make observations and draw conclusions based on the results obtained, helping to further understand the phenomenon being studied.
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18.
What chemical element has the symbol "N" and atomic number 14?
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Answer:Nitrogen
Explanation:
Nitrogen is the chemical element that has the symbol "N" and atomic number 14. Nitrogen is a nonmetal that makes up about 78% of Earth's atmosphere and is essential for life as it is a key component of proteins and nucleic acids.
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19.
What temperature scale puts the freezing point of water at zero degrees?
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Answer:Celsius
Explanation:
The Celsius temperature scale puts the freezing point of water at zero degrees. This scale is commonly used in scientific and everyday contexts as it provides a clear and easily understandable measurement system based on the properties of water.
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20.
What word describes something that contains no iron?
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Answer:Nonferrous
Explanation:
Nonferrous is the term used to describe something that does not contain iron. The prefix "non-" indicates the absence of iron, while "ferrous" specifically refers to iron. Therefore, nonferrous is the appropriate word to describe something that contains no iron.
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21.
The process of turning used products into new products is known as what?
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Answer:Recycling
Explanation:
Recycling is the process of turning used products into new products. It involves collecting, sorting, processing, and remanufacturing materials to create new items, reducing the need for raw materials and minimizing waste. Recycling plays a crucial role in conserving resources, reducing pollution, and combating climate change by promoting a more sustainable and circular economy.
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22.
What is the chemical abbreviation for water?
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Answer:H2O
Explanation:
Water is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, which is represented by the chemical formula H2O. The "H" stands for hydrogen and the "O" stands for oxygen. The subscript "2" indicates that there are two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom in a water molecule.
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23.
Which substance in a cigarette is addictive?
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Answer:Nicotine
Explanation:
Nicotine is the addictive substance in cigarettes because it stimulates the release of dopamine in the brain, creating a pleasurable sensation and leading to dependence. This addictive nature of nicotine makes it difficult for individuals to quit smoking despite knowing the associated health risks.
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24.
Chemistry uses what system of measurement, with units based on multiples of ten?
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Answer:Metric System
Explanation:
The metric system is used in chemistry because it provides a standardized system of measurement based on multiples of ten, making it easier to convert between different units and ensuring consistency in scientific calculations. This system is preferred in scientific fields like chemistry because of its simplicity and ease of use, allowing for accurate and precise measurements in experiments and research.
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25.
In the kitchen, the release of propanethiol S-oxide happens during what tearful event?
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Answer:Cutting An Onion
Explanation:
When an onion is cut, it releases a compound called propanethiol S-oxide. This compound reacts with the enzymes in the onion to produce a volatile gas, which then irritates the eyes and causes them to tear up. This tearful event occurs during the process of cutting an onion due to the release of propanethiol S-oxide.
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26.
Who were the precursors to modern chemists, interested in turning metals into gold?
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Answer:Alchemists
Explanation:
The precursors to modern chemists who were interested in turning metals into gold were known as alchemists. Alchemists were early practitioners of a blend of science, philosophy, and mysticism, seeking to transform base metals into noble metals like gold. They laid the foundation for modern chemistry through their experiments and investigations into the nature of matter and the principles of transmutation.
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27.
In chemistry, what is the metric system measure of mass?
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Answer:Gram
Explanation:
The metric system measure of mass in chemistry is the gram. The gram is a unit of mass in the metric system, commonly used to measure the mass of substances in chemical reactions and experiments. It is a smaller unit compared to kilograms, making it more suitable for measuring smaller quantities of substances accurately in a laboratory setting.
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28.
Kelvin, Celsius and Fahrenheit are measurements of what?
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Answer:Temperature
Explanation:
Kelvin, Celsius, and Fahrenheit are all units of measurement used to quantify temperature. Kelvin is the SI unit of temperature, with absolute zero as 0K. Celsius is commonly used in everyday settings, with the freezing point of water at 0°C and boiling point at 100°C. Fahrenheit is another commonly used unit in the US, with the freezing point of water at 32°F and boiling point at 212°F. These units help to measure the intensity of heat or cold in a given environment.
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29.
An atom is the smallest possible unit of what?
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Answer:An Element
Explanation:
An atom is the smallest possible unit of an element because elements are composed of one type of atom. Each element on the periodic table is made up of unique atoms with a specific number of protons in their nucleus. Therefore, atoms are the building blocks of elements, making them the smallest unit of an element.
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30.
When two or more elements are combined, what is the result?
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Answer:A Compound
Explanation:
When two or more elements are combined, they form a compound. A compound is a substance made up of two or more different elements that are chemically bonded together. This chemical bonding creates a new substance with its own unique properties different from the elements that make it up. Compounds can be formed through various chemical reactions and play a crucial role in the composition of matter.
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31.
Carbon monoxide is the result of a bond between one atom of carbon and how many of oxygen?
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Answer:One
Explanation:
Carbon monoxide is a compound composed of one atom of carbon and one atom of oxygen. This is because carbon typically forms only one bond, while oxygen typically forms two bonds. Therefore, the correct answer is one oxygen atom bonding with one carbon atom to form carbon monoxide.
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32.
The scientific method can include all these elements except which one?
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Answer:Assumption
Explanation:
The scientific method relies on empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and systematic observation to formulate and test hypotheses. Assumptions, on the other hand, are beliefs or ideas taken for granted without proof or evidence. In the scientific method, assumptions can lead to biased results and inaccurate conclusions, which is why they are not typically included as a formal element of the process.
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33.
What starts a fire?
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Answer:Ignition
Explanation:
Ignition refers to the process of starting a fire by providing the initial heat or spark needed to ignite fuel or flammable material. This can be achieved through various means such as a match, lighter, electrical spark, or friction. Without ignition, a fire cannot start as it is the crucial first step in the combustion process.
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34.
What property of a fire tells you how hot it is?
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Answer:Color
Explanation:
The color of a fire can indicate its temperature. Blue flames typically indicate a hotter fire, while red or orange flames suggest a cooler fire. This is due to the different temperatures at which various materials burn, resulting in different colors of flames. By observing the color of a fire, one can estimate its temperature.
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35.
Of the various forms of matter, which has mass but no shape?
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Answer:Gas
Explanation:
Gas is a form of matter that has mass but no fixed shape because its particles are spread out and move freely in all directions. Unlike solids and liquids, gases do not have a definite volume or shape, as they will expand to fill the space available to them. This is why gas is the correct answer to the question about a form of matter that has mass but no shape.
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36.
Which famous 19th century chemist invented dynamite?
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Answer:Alfred Nobel
Explanation:
Alfred Nobel invented dynamite in the 19th century. He was a renowned chemist known for his invention of dynamite, which revolutionized the construction and mining industries. Nobel's invention of dynamite also led to the establishment of the Nobel Prizes, as he left his fortune to fund these prestigious awards in various fields.
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37.
Almost 50% of the Earth's crust is composed of what element?
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Answer:Oxygen
Explanation:
Oxygen is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust, making up almost 50% of its composition. This is due to the widespread presence of oxygen in minerals and rocks, as well as its role in forming the structure of the Earth's crust through various chemical reactions and processes over millions of years.
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38.
What is the positively charged central portion of an atom known as?
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Answer:Nucleus
Explanation:
The positively charged central portion of an atom, known as the nucleus, contains protons and neutrons. It is the dense core of an atom where most of the mass is concentrated. The nucleus plays a crucial role in determining the chemical properties of an element and is surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons.
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39.
Which of these is not part of the scientific method?
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Answer:Fabrication
Explanation:
Fabrication is not part of the scientific method because it involves creating false data or results, which goes against the principles of the scientific method that rely on accurate and honest observations and experimentation to draw conclusions and make discoveries. Fabrication undermines the credibility and integrity of scientific research and can lead to misleading or incorrect findings.
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40.
According to scientific law, what is neither created or destroyed but only changes in form?
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Answer:Energy
Explanation:
Energy is a fundamental principle in physics known as the Law of Conservation of Energy. This law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can only change forms. This means that the total amount of energy in a closed system remains constant, with energy being transferred or transformed from one form to another. This principle is essential in understanding various natural phenomena and is a key concept in the field of physics.
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41.
Which term means requiring oxygen?
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Answer:Aerobic
Explanation:
Aerobic refers to a process that requires oxygen to occur. In the context of biology or exercise, aerobic activities are those that involve the use of oxygen to generate energy. This term is commonly used to describe exercises such as running, swimming, or cycling that increase cardiovascular endurance and overall fitness levels.