1.
Below average rainfall for a prolonged period of time
Correct Answer
C. Draught
Explanation
The correct answer is "Draught" because a prolonged period of below average rainfall can lead to a drought. A drought is a natural disaster that occurs when there is a shortage of water, causing dry conditions and negatively impacting agriculture, water supply, and ecosystems.
2.
A sudden movement in the eaths crust caused by movements of tectonic plates
Correct Answer
A. Earthquake
Explanation
The given correct answer is "earthquake". An earthquake is a sudden movement in the Earth's crust caused by the movements of tectonic plates. These plates are constantly shifting and when they release energy, it creates seismic waves that result in an earthquake. This can cause the ground to shake and can lead to the destruction of buildings and infrastructure. Earthquakes can occur anywhere in the world and can vary in intensity.
3.
The phenomomenon of unusually cool ocean currents off the east coast of Australia
Correct Answer
D. El nino
Explanation
El Niño is the correct answer because it refers to a climate pattern that occurs in the Pacific Ocean, affecting weather patterns globally. During El Niño, the ocean currents off the east coast of Australia become unusually cool, leading to cooler temperatures in the region. This phenomenon can have various impacts on weather conditions, including droughts, floods, and changes in ocean temperature, which can affect marine life and ecosystems. Therefore, El Niño is the most appropriate explanation for the unusually cool ocean currents off the east coast of Australia.
4.
The point of the earths surface directly above where a earth quake occurs
Correct Answer
B. Epicentre
Explanation
The point on the Earth's surface directly above where an earthquake occurs is known as the epicenter. This is the location where the seismic waves originate and is typically the area of greatest damage. The epicenter is determined by analyzing the data from seismographs, which record the vibrations caused by the earthquake. By identifying the epicenter, scientists can better understand the source and magnitude of the earthquake, as well as assess the potential impact on surrounding areas.
5.
THe forces of nature combne to become destructive
Correct Answer
A. Natural hazard
Explanation
The given statement suggests that when the forces of nature come together, they can cause destruction. This aligns with the concept of a natural hazard, which refers to any natural event or phenomenon that has the potential to cause harm to human life, property, or the environment. Natural hazards can include events such as landslides, floods, earthquakes, hurricanes, and more. Therefore, the correct answer in this case is natural hazard.
6.
A rapidly rotating coloum of air extending down from the clouds in the atmosphere
Correct Answer
E. Tornado/ twister
Explanation
A tornado, also known as a twister, is a rapidly rotating column of air that extends down from the clouds in the atmosphere. It is a violent and destructive weather phenomenon characterized by its rotating funnel-shaped cloud. Tornadoes are often accompanied by strong winds, heavy rain, and thunderstorms. They can cause significant damage to buildings, vehicles, and the environment in their path.
7.
When a natural hazard impacts on the community causing destruction of property and loss of lifes.
Correct Answer
B. Natural disasters
Explanation
When a natural hazard, such as a severe storm, flood, or tropical cyclone, impacts a community and causes destruction of property and loss of life, it is considered a natural disaster. Natural disasters refer to large-scale events that result from natural processes and have significant negative impacts on human populations and the environment. These events often require emergency response and recovery efforts to mitigate the damage and provide assistance to affected communities.
8.
Water inundates land that is normally dry
Correct Answer
E. Flood
Explanation
When water inundates land that is usually dry, it is known as a flood. Floods occur when there is an overflow of water from rivers, lakes, or oceans, or when heavy rainfall exceeds the capacity of drainage systems. This excess water spreads across the land, causing it to become flooded. Floods can have devastating effects, causing damage to infrastructure, homes, and crops, as well as posing risks to human lives. Therefore, the correct answer is flood.
9.
The leading edge of a bushfire blown in the directions of prevaling winds
Correct Answer
D. Firefront
Explanation
A firefront refers to the leading edge of a bushfire. When a bushfire is blown in the direction of prevailing winds, the firefront advances rapidly, causing the fire to spread quickly in that direction. This can be particularly dangerous as it can lead to the fire engulfing a larger area and making it more difficult to control or extinguish.
10.
An intense tropical storm that develops over the warm oceans near the equator
Correct Answer
A. Tropical cyclone
Explanation
A tropical cyclone is an intense tropical storm that develops over warm oceans near the equator. It is characterized by strong winds and heavy rain, and can cause significant damage and destruction. This type of storm is often referred to as a hurricane in the Atlantic Ocean and eastern Pacific Ocean, and as a typhoon in the western Pacific Ocean. It is a natural disaster that can result in widespread flooding and severe storm conditions.