World Book Trivia Challenge Advanced--3/26-water Sports

Explanation
The basic kicks. Swimmers use four types of kicks: (1) the flutter kick, (2) the breaststroke kick, (3) the dolphin kick, and (4) the scissors kick. Each of these kicks is used in doing one or more of the strokes described later in this section.

Explanation
The Fédération Internationale de Natation (FINA) governs international swimming and other water sports at the amateur level. FINA consists of national associations from about 190 countries. These associations include United States Aquatic Sports, the Aquatic Federation of Canada, Swimming Australia, and British Swimming.

Explanation
Synchronized swimming was once called water ballet. It began as a form of exhibition swimming at water shows and remains a popular feature of such shows. In 1952, the first international rules were established for synchronized swimming as a sport. It became an Olympic sport in 1984.

Explanation
A skilled canoeist follows certain procedures in handling a canoe safely and efficiently. The most important one involves maintaining balance in the canoe so it remains trim (level). This is done by evenly distributing the weight of the people and equipment in the craft, and by keeping the weight low in the canoe. The easiest way to do this is to kneel. Other procedures include (1) entering and leaving a canoe, (2) paddling and steering, and (3) portaging (carrying) a canoe

Explanation
Sailing across the wind, with the wind abeam, is called reaching. Sailboats can usually move faster when sailing across the wind than in any other direction. Some light sailboats with flat bottoms can move fast enough in a good breeze to lift out of the water and plane on the surface like a motorboat. This gives a great sensation of speed even though the boats seldom travel more than 20 miles (32 kilometers) per hour.

Sailing with the wind is called sailing before the wind or running. Contrary to what might be expected, running is not so fast as reaching. In running, the sail is simply pushed along by the wind and makes its own resistance. Many racing boats use spinnakers for added speed when running. These sails lift the boat along.

Explanation
Scuba diving involves the use of portable metal tanks that supply compressed air for the diver to breathe. A diver using one tank can remain at a depth of 40 feet for about an hour. Strenuous activity or diving deeper will cause the diver to use the air supply faster and greatly reduce the duration of the dive. The word scuba stands for self-contained underwater breathing apparatus.

Explanation
The first movement for many dives consists of the approach and the hurdle. The approach includes at least three natural walking steps taken by the diver on the board or platform. The hurdle is the last step—actually a short jump—that takes the diver to the edge of the board or platform.

Explanation
Water polo originated in England during the 1870’s. Water polo was the first team sport added to the Olympic Games in 1900.

Explanation
Artificial bait consists of a wide variety of items called lures. Most lures are designed in shape, color, and movement to represent natural bait. Examples of lures include flies, plugs, spinners, spoons, and jigs. Lures, unlike natural bait, can be used over and over. Some lures can be cast great distances.

Explanation
The raft is one of the oldest forms of transportation. But rafting did not become a popular leisure-time activity until the 1960's.