Water Systems On Earth Quiz One Chapter Seven

The correct answer is "water that has gathered in the clouds and falls to Earth as rain, hail, sleet or snow." This answer accurately defines precipitation as the phenomenon in which water vapor condenses in the atmosphere and forms droplets or ice crystals that fall to the Earth's surface in the form of rain, hail, sleet, or snow.

Fresh water is defined as water that contains a low concentration of salt, typically less than 3.5%. This definition applies to water in all its forms - liquid, solid, or gas. The high concentration of salt mentioned in the first statement is incorrect, as it would actually refer to saltwater or seawater. Therefore, the correct answer is that fresh water is water with less than 3.5% concentration of salt.

The correct answer is a long wall of soil or other material built along the banks of a river to prevent flooding. A dike is a structure constructed to contain or control the flow of water in rivers, canals, or other bodies of water. It is typically built parallel to the riverbank and serves as a barrier to prevent flooding by redirecting water away from populated areas or agricultural land. Dikes are often made from soil, sand, rocks, or concrete and are an important part of flood control systems in many regions.

Percolation refers to the process of water sinking into the ground and moving through the spaces between soil particles due to the force of gravity. This process allows water to infiltrate the soil and eventually replenish groundwater sources. It is an essential part of the water cycle and plays a crucial role in maintaining the water balance in ecosystems.

The correct answer is "the average concentration of salt in a solution." This is because salinity refers to the amount of salt dissolved in a given amount of water or other solution. It is measured as the concentration of salt in parts per thousand (ppt) or as a percentage. The term "the amount of salt you can pour into a saltshaker" is incorrect as it does not accurately define salinity, which is a measure of concentration rather than the total amount of salt.

Aquifers are defined as a large underground accumulation of underground water in soil or rock. This means that aquifers are reservoirs or storage areas of water that are located underground. They can be found in soil or rock formations and hold significant amounts of water. This definition does not mention anything about attractive forces between particles of a fluid and another substance, so it is not the correct answer.

H2O stands for 2 hydrogen molecules attached to 1 oxygen molecule. In a water molecule, two hydrogen atoms are covalently bonded to one oxygen atom. This molecular structure gives water its unique properties, such as its ability to dissolve many substances and its high boiling and melting points.

The correct answer is the process of changing water directly from a gas to a solid or from a solid to a gas. Sublimation refers to the phase transition in which a substance goes directly from its solid state to its gaseous state, or vice versa, without passing through the liquid phase. In the case of water, sublimation can occur when ice (solid) turns directly into water vapor (gas) or when water vapor condenses directly into ice crystals.

The correct answer is "the upper level of the water in the saturated zone." The water table refers to the level at which the ground is saturated with water. It represents the upper boundary of the zone of saturation, where the soil and rock are filled with water. This level can rise or fall depending on factors such as rainfall, groundwater recharge, and human activities. It is an important concept in hydrology and helps determine the availability of groundwater for various uses.

The area where a river flows into the ocean is called an estuary. Estuaries are partially enclosed bodies of water where freshwater from rivers and streams mixes with saltwater from the ocean. They are characterized by fluctuating salinity levels and are home to diverse ecosystems. Evaporation refers to the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas, which is not directly related to the area where a river flows into the ocean. Effluent refers to liquid waste or sewage that is discharged into a body of water, which is also not directly related to the area where a river flows into the ocean.

The upward force that a fluid exerts on an object is known as buoyancy. This force is dependent on the density of the fluid, which is a measure of how much mass is contained within a given volume. Additionally, the salinity of the fluid, which refers to the concentration of dissolved salts, can also affect its density and therefore the buoyant force it exerts. Therefore, all three options - density, buoyancy, and salinity - are correct in describing the upward force exerted by a fluid on an object.

The given answer options, liquid, aquifer, and ground water, all pertain to the description provided in the question. Water that has soaked into the soil and is found between saturated soil and bedrock is in a liquid state and is referred to as ground water. Ground water is stored in underground layers of permeable rock, gravel, or sand called aquifers. Therefore, the answer options accurately describe the characteristics of water in this specific context.

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The treated water that is released back into the environment can undergo various processes. Evaporation is one of these processes, where the water turns into vapor and returns to the atmosphere. Estuary is another possible process, where the treated water is discharged into a coastal area where freshwater and saltwater mix. Lastly, effluent refers to the treated water that is discharged into a body of water, such as a river or ocean. Therefore, the correct answer includes all three options: evaporation, estuary, and effluent.

The given answer states that the attractive forces between the particles of a fluid and the particles of another substance are bacteria, E. coli, and adhesion. This implies that bacteria and E. coli are examples of particles that can experience adhesion with other substances. Adhesion refers to the attraction between different substances, causing them to stick together. Therefore, bacteria and E. coli can adhere to other substances due to the attractive forces between their particles and the particles of the other substance.

Glaciers are large masses of ice and snow that form over thousands of years in high altitudes of mountains and near Earth's poles. This process is known as deposition, where the ice and snow solidify and accumulate over time. Therefore, the correct answer includes deposition, glaciers, and solid as they accurately describe the formation and characteristics of glaciers.