Ulangan Bab Interaksi Makhluk Hidup

The correct answer is "jenis makanannya" because the grouping of heterotrophic organisms into herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores is based on the type of food they consume. Herbivores primarily eat plants, carnivores primarily eat other animals, and omnivores eat both plants and animals. This categorization is determined by the organisms' feeding habits and dietary preferences.

The answer "menciptakan alat-alat yang mencemari lingkungan" (creating tools that pollute the environment) is the correct answer because it directly mentions an action that can harm the environment. The other options either mention actions that are beneficial for the environment (such as treating industrial waste or using terracing techniques for farming on sloping land) or actions that are neutral (such as fertilizing plants with compost).

Autotroph adalah organisme yang dapat membuat makanan sendiri dengan melakukan fotosintesis. Mereka menggunakan energi matahari untuk mengubah karbon dioksida dan air menjadi glukosa, yang kemudian digunakan sebagai sumber energi. Proses ini terjadi di dalam kloroplas, yang ada dalam sel-sel autotrof. Dalam fotosintesis, karbon dioksida diambil dari udara dan air diambil dari akar melalui pembuluh xilem. Kemudian, energi matahari ditangkap oleh klorofil dalam kloroplas, dan reaksi kimia mengubah karbon dioksida dan air menjadi glukosa dan oksigen.

Organisme yang berfungsi sebagai penghasil makanan bagi organisme lain disebut produsen.

An ekosistem is a combination of biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components that interact with each other in a specific area. This interaction includes the exchange of energy and nutrients between organisms and their environment. Therefore, an ekosistem is the correct answer as it encompasses both the biotic and abiotic components of a given area.

A population can be defined as a group of living organisms of the same species. This means that all individuals within the population belong to the same species and can interbreed. The other options mentioned, such as the presence of living and non-living organisms, the process of predation, and the flow of energy, may be important factors within a population but are not defining characteristics of a population itself.

Phytoplankton are the primary producers in the marine food chain, making them the autotrophs in the ecosystem. They are microscopic plants that undergo photosynthesis to convert sunlight, water, and nutrients into energy-rich organic compounds. These compounds are then consumed by other organisms, such as zooplankton, which are then eaten by small fish, and eventually by larger fish. Therefore, phytoplankton play a crucial role in the transfer of energy and nutrients through the marine food chain.

The correct answer states that producers are able to make their own food, while consumers are not. This is a key difference between the two. Producers, such as plants, are able to undergo photosynthesis and convert sunlight into energy to produce their own food. On the other hand, consumers, such as insects and plankton, rely on consuming other organisms for their energy and cannot produce their own food. This ability to make food is what distinguishes producers from consumers.

Based on the given pyramid of food, the organisms that occupy trophic level 2 are the consumers at level I. These organisms obtain their energy by consuming producers (plants) at trophic level 1. They are then consumed by organisms at trophic level 3. The consumers at trophic level 2 play an important role in transferring energy and nutrients between the different levels of the food chain.

The correct answer is "produsen, konsumen, dekomposer". In an ecosystem, the biotic components can be categorized based on their roles. Producers, such as plants, are able to convert sunlight into energy through photosynthesis. Consumers, including animals, obtain their energy by consuming other organisms. Decomposers, such as bacteria and fungi, break down dead organisms and organic matter, returning nutrients to the ecosystem. This categorization helps to understand the flow of energy and nutrients within an ecosystem.

The correct answer is simbiosis komensalisme. This is because the relationship between the Remora fish and the Shark is an example of commensalism, where one species benefits (Remora) while the other is unaffected (Shark). The Remora fish attaches itself to the Shark and feeds on the leftovers from the Shark's meals. This relationship is a type of symbiosis called commensalism, where one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefited.

The correct answer is "Produsen" because produsen refers to organisms that can produce their own food through photosynthesis, such as plants. In the given scenario, the scientist found worms, grasshoppers, frogs, birds, and fungi, but there is no mention of any plants or organisms that can produce their own food. Therefore, the missing biotic component is "Produsen".

The correct answer is "kelinci, burung merpati, tikus". This is because the first type of consumer in an ecosystem is the herbivore, which feeds on plants. In the given options, kelinci (rabbit) is a herbivore as it feeds on plants, burung merpati (pigeon) is also a herbivore as it primarily eats seeds and grains, and tikus (mouse) is an omnivore that consumes both plants and other small animals. Therefore, these three animals belong to the first type of consumer in the ecosystem.

The correct answer is 3,4,5. This is because the interactions between the flower and the bee, the root of legume plants and Rhizobium bacteria, and the buffalo and the starling bird are all examples of mutualistic symbiosis. In mutualistic symbiosis, both organisms benefit from the interaction. The flower provides nectar to the bee, which in turn helps in pollination. The root of legume plants provides a habitat for Rhizobium bacteria, which in turn fix nitrogen for the plants. The buffalo provides a habitat for the starling bird, which in turn helps in removing parasites from the buffalo's body.

Manusia membutuhkan air dan oksigen untuk bertahan hidup. Air dan oksigen adalah komponen abiotik yang sangat penting bagi kehidupan manusia. Manusia membutuhkan air untuk minum dan untuk menjaga kesehatan tubuh. Oksigen diperlukan untuk bernapas dan proses metabolisme di dalam tubuh manusia. Ketergantungan manusia terhadap air dan oksigen menunjukkan hubungan antara komponen biotik (manusia) dengan komponen abiotik (air dan oksigen).

Gunung meletus dapat menjadi penyebab alami punahnya keanekaragaman makhluk hidup. Letusan gunung dapat menghasilkan aliran lava panas yang dapat menghancurkan habitat dan ekosistem di sekitarnya. Selain itu, abu vulkanik yang dihasilkan oleh letusan gunung dapat mencemari udara dan air, menyebabkan kerusakan pada tumbuhan dan hewan yang bergantung pada sumber daya tersebut. Letusan gunung juga dapat mengakibatkan perubahan iklim dan cuaca, yang dapat mempengaruhi kelangsungan hidup makhluk hidup.

The correct answer is 2,4,5. The explanation is that abiotic components are non-living factors that contribute to an ecosystem. In this case, air (2), water (4), and carbon dioxide and oxygen (5) are all examples of abiotic components. These components play a crucial role in the functioning and balance of the ecosystem, providing necessary resources and supporting the survival of living organisms within it.

The correct answer is Tikus dan ulat. The reason for this is that the image shows a picture of a rat and a caterpillar, which are both examples of herbivorous organisms.

The other options mentioned in the question are all efforts to conserve biodiversity. However, keeping rare animals as pets at home does not contribute to the conservation of biodiversity. It may even have negative consequences for the animal's well-being and the ecosystem.

The balance of an ecosystem will be achieved when there are no disturbances to all the components that make up the ecosystem. This means that all the organisms, plants, animals, and their interactions should remain undisturbed. Any disruption or disturbance to the ecosystem can lead to an imbalance and affect the overall functioning of the ecosystem. Therefore, for the ecosystem to be in equilibrium, it is important that all components are not disturbed or disrupted.

Based on the given image, the animals occupying consumer level II are the burung pipit (sparrow) and katak (frog).

The given correct answer states that sunlight supports plant fertility. This is because sunlight is one of the essential abiotic factors that plants need for photosynthesis, the process by which they convert sunlight into energy. Through photosynthesis, plants produce glucose, which is used for growth and development. Sunlight also helps in the production of chlorophyll, the pigment responsible for capturing sunlight and converting it into energy. Therefore, sunlight plays a crucial role in the fertility and overall health of plants.

Adaptasi fisiologi adalah kemampuan organisme untuk beradaptasi dengan perubahan lingkungan melalui perubahan pada struktur dan fungsi tubuh. Kelenjar bau, mimikri pada kadal, dan kantong tinta adalah contoh adaptasi fisiologi. Kelenjar bau pada hewan dapat menghasilkan bau yang digunakan untuk berkomunikasi atau melindungi diri. Mimikri pada kadal adalah kemampuan kadal untuk meniru warna dan bentuk lingkungan sekitarnya untuk melindungi diri dari predator. Kantong tinta pada cumi-cumi adalah adaptasi fisiologi yang digunakan untuk melindungi diri dengan menyemburkan tinta ke air ketika merasa terancam.

The correct answer is "biosfer" because it refers to the entire part of the Earth inhabited by living organisms. It is the term used to describe the combination of all ecosystems on Earth, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere. The word "biosfer" is repeated multiple times in different forms, but all of them indicate the same concept.