Integrals Of Trigonometric Functions Trivia Quiz

The integral of cos(u) with respect to u is equal to sin(u) plus a constant (C). This is because the derivative of sin(u) is equal to cos(u), which means that the integral of cos(u) is sin(u) plus a constant.

The given equation sin^2(x) = (1 - cos (2x)) / 2 is the correct answer. This can be derived using the trigonometric identity sin^2(x) = 1 - cos^2(x). By substituting cos^2(x) with (1 - cos(2x))/2, we get the given equation.

The integral of sin(u) with respect to u is equal to -cos(u) + C, where C is the constant of integration. This can be found using the integral rules for trigonometric functions. The antiderivative of sin(u) is -cos(u), and adding the constant of integration C gives the final result.

When the powers of both the sine and cosine are even and positive, we can use the sine^2 and cosine^2 identities. These identities state that sine squared plus cosine squared equals 1. By using these identities, we can simplify the expression and eliminate the need for separate sine and cosine factors.

The integral of cot(u) can be found by using the formula for the integral of the cotangent function, which is ln|sin(u)| + C. This formula is derived from the derivative of the natural logarithm function and the chain rule. Therefore, the correct answer is ln|sin(u)| + C.

A mnemonic device to remember these: It is the solution with the POSITIVE cos(2x) because we started with cos^2(x), not sin^2(x)--did we start with a sine function? Nope, sine^2(x) gives a NEGATIVE on the cosine(2x) because sine is not cosine. Remember, this is not a mathematical proof, just a way to relate things in your head to remember them.

When there are no secant factors and the power of the tangent is even and positive, we can convert a tangent-squared factor into a secant-squared factor. This means that if we have an expression with a term like tangent squared, we can rewrite it as secant squared. This conversion allows us to simplify the expression and potentially make it easier to work with or solve.

The integral of csc(u)du can be found by using the substitution method. Let's substitute v = csc(u) + cot(u). Then, dv = (-csc(u)cot(u) - csc^2(u))du. Rearranging the terms, we have -dv = (csc(u) + cot(u))du. Substituting back into the integral, we get ∫-dv = -∫(csc(u) + cot(u))du. Integrating both sides, we have -v = -ln|csc(u) + cot(u)| + C. Therefore, the correct answer is -ln|csc(u) + cot(u)| + C.

The given integral is ∫csc(u)cot(u)du. By using the derivative of csc(u) which is -csc(u)cot(u), we can see that the correct answer is -csc(u) + C, where C represents the constant of integration.

The integral of du/(a^2 - u^2) can be solved using the substitution method. Let u = a*sin(theta), then du = a*cos(theta)d(theta). Substituting these values into the integral, we get ∫(a*cos(theta)d(theta))/(a^2 - a^2*sin^2(theta)). Simplifying further, we have ∫(a*cos(theta)d(theta))/(a^2*cos^2(theta)). Canceling out the common terms, we are left with ∫(1/a)d(theta). Integrating this, we get (1/a)theta + C. Replacing theta with arcsin(u/a), we get arcsin(u/a) + C as the final answer.

The given integral can be solved using the substitution method. Let u = a tanθ. Then, du = a sec^2θ dθ. Substituting these values into the integral, we get ∫(a sec^2θ)/(a^2 + a^2 tan^2θ) dθ. Simplifying this expression gives us ∫(a sec^2θ)/(a^2 sec^2θ) dθ. The sec^2θ terms cancel out, leaving us with ∫(1/a) dθ. Integrating this expression gives us (1/a)θ + C. Substituting back θ = arctan(u/a), we get (1/a) arctan (u/a) + C as the final answer.

When the power of the cosine is odd and positive, we save a cosine factor because it cannot be converted into a sine. The remaining factors, which are cosines, can be converted into sines using the identity cos^2(x) = 1 - sin^2(x). Therefore, we convert the remaining factors into sines.

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The integral given is in the form of ∫du/((u(u^2 - a^2))^.5). To evaluate this integral, we can use the substitution method. Let's substitute u = a secθ, du = a secθ tanθ dθ.

After substitution, the integral becomes ∫(a secθ tanθ)/(a secθ(a sec^2θ - a^2))^.5 dθ. Simplifying this expression, we get ∫(tanθ)/(secθ(a^2 sec^2θ - a^2))^.5 dθ.

Further simplifying, we have ∫(tanθ)/(a secθ)^.5 dθ. Using the trigonometric identity tanθ = sinθ/cosθ and secθ = 1/cosθ, we can rewrite the integral as ∫(sinθ)/(a cosθ)^1.5 dθ.

Now, we can use the substitution method again, letting t = cosθ, dt = -sinθ dθ. The integral becomes ∫(-1)/(a t^1.5) dt.

Integrating this expression, we get (-1/a)∫t^(-1.5) dt = (-1/a)(-2t^(-0.5)) = (2/a√t) + C.

Substituting back t = cosθ, we have (2/a√cosθ) + C. Finally, using the identity secθ = 1/cosθ, we can rewrite the answer as (1/a)arcsec(|u|/a) + C.

When the power of the tangent is odd and positive, we can save a secant-tangent factor and convert the remaining factors into secants. This is because the derivative of tangent is secant squared and the derivative of secant is secant-tangent. By saving a secant-tangent factor, we can use it later to simplify the integral. Converting the remaining factors into secants allows us to use the derivative of secant to simplify the integral further. Finally, we expand and integrate the simplified expression to find the solution.

The given answer, u = asinΘ and √(a^2 - u^2) = acosΘ, is correct because when we substitute u = asinΘ into √(a^2 - u^2), we get √(a^2 - (asinΘ)^2) = √(a^2 - a^2sin^2Θ) = √(a^2(1 - sin^2Θ)) = √(a^2cos^2Θ) = acosΘ. Therefore, the answer is valid and provides the correct relationship between u and √(a^2 - u^2).

If the power of the cosine is odd and positive, it means that there is an odd number of cosine factors in the expression. In this case, we save a sine factor because the sine and cosine are complementary functions. Then, we convert the remaining factors into cosines because an odd number of cosines multiplied together will result in a positive value.

When the power of the secant is even and positive, we can save a secant squared factor. Then, we can convert the remaining factors into tangents. After that, we save a secant-tangent factor and convert the remaining factors into secants. Finally, we expand and integrate the expression.