System Software And OS

An operating system is a type of system software that acts as an intermediary between the hardware and the application software. It manages computer hardware and software resources, provides services to the user and application programs, and ensures that they can run efficiently and effectively. Therefore, the correct answer is system software.

Time sharing refers to the practice of dividing a computer's processing time among multiple tasks or users, allowing them to run simultaneously. This is achieved through multitasking, where the computer rapidly switches between tasks, giving the illusion of simultaneous execution. Therefore, time sharing and multitasking are indeed synonymous terms, making the answer True.

Batch processing system enables us to group the jobs together and then execute them. In batch processing, multiple jobs are collected and processed together without any user interaction. The jobs are executed one after another, allowing efficient use of system resources. This system is commonly used for tasks that require high volume processing, such as payroll processing, report generation, and data backup.

Translators for low-level programming languages are called assemblers. Assemblers convert the assembly language code into machine code, which can be directly executed by the computer's hardware. This process involves translating mnemonic instructions and symbolic addresses into their corresponding binary representations. Assemblers are specifically designed for low-level languages like assembly language, which have a close correspondence to the underlying hardware architecture. Compilers, on the other hand, are used for high-level programming languages and translate the entire program into machine code. Loaders are responsible for loading the compiled code into memory for execution, and interpreters execute the program line by line without the need for prior compilation.

A buffer is a memory area that temporarily holds data while it is being transferred between a device and an application. It acts as a temporary storage space, allowing for efficient data transfer and preventing data loss or corruption. Buffers are commonly used in various computing systems to manage the flow of data between different components.

The compiler does not analyze the source program statement by statement. Instead, it performs a series of steps, including lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, and code generation, to convert the source code into machine-executable code. This process involves analyzing the entire program as a whole, rather than individual statements. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

Assembly language contains all of the above statements, which include assembler declarative statements, declarative statements, and imperative statements. Assembler declarative statements are used to define data and variables, while declarative statements are used to declare constants and variables. Imperative statements are used to perform operations and control the flow of execution in the program. Therefore, all three types of statements are present in assembly language.

Spooling is a technique that uses the disk for reading and storing output files. It stands for Simultaneous Peripheral Operations On-Line and it allows multiple jobs to be processed concurrently. With spooling, the output from a job is temporarily stored on the disk before it is sent to the printer or displayed on the screen. This allows the CPU to continue processing other jobs while the output is being prepared, improving overall system efficiency. Therefore, spooling is the correct answer to the question.

Compilers and assemblers both fall in the category of translators. A compiler is a software program that translates high-level programming code into machine code, which can be directly executed by a computer. On the other hand, an assembler is a program that translates assembly language code into machine code. Both compilers and assemblers are essential tools in the development process of software, enabling programmers to write code in higher-level languages and then translate it into machine-readable instructions. Therefore, the correct answer is Compiler and Assembler.

The assembling process consists of two phases: the analysis phase and the synthesis phase. In the analysis phase, the components or parts to be assembled are examined and evaluated. This phase involves understanding the requirements and specifications of the final product. The synthesis phase, on the other hand, involves the actual assembly of the components based on the analysis conducted in the previous phase. It is during this phase that the components are put together to create the final product. Therefore, the correct answer is analysis phase and synthesis phase.