Network+ Certification Test On Subnetting!

The IP address range of 1 to 127 is in Class A. Class A addresses are used for large networks with a large number of hosts. The first octet of a Class A address is reserved for the network ID, while the remaining three octets are used for host IDs. The range of 1 to 127 falls within the range of Class A addresses.

IP addresses in the range of 192 to 223 belong to Class C. Class C addresses are used for medium-sized networks and have a default subnet mask of 255.255.255.0. The first octet of Class C addresses ranges from 192 to 223, allowing for a maximum of 2,097,152 unique network addresses.

An IP address is represented by a 32-bit binary number. This means that it consists of 32 digits, each of which can be either a 0 or a 1. The 32 bits are divided into four groups of 8 bits each, separated by periods, to form the familiar decimal format of an IP address. This format allows for a total of 4.3 billion unique IP addresses to be assigned, which is sufficient for the current needs of the internet.

IP addresses are in Layer 3 of the OSI model. This layer is known as the Network layer and is responsible for routing and forwarding data packets across different networks. IP addresses are used to uniquely identify devices on a network and are essential for the proper functioning of internet communication.

An IP address is represented by a 32-bit binary number, which is equivalent to 4 bytes. Each byte consists of 8 bits, resulting in a total of 32 bits. Therefore, the correct answer is 4.

The subnet mask 255.255.255.224 is a /27 subnet, which means it has 27 network bits and 5 host bits. With 5 host bits, we can have 2^5 - 2 = 30 usable host addresses. The -2 accounts for the network address and the broadcast address, which cannot be assigned to individual hosts. Therefore, the maximum number of IP addresses that can be assigned to hosts on this subnet is 30.

The given IP address is 172.16.66.0/21, which means it belongs to a subnet with a network address of 172.16.64.0. In a /21 subnet, the first three octets (172.16.64) represent the network address, and the last octet (0) represents the host address. Therefore, the subnetwork number of the given host IP address is 172.16.64.0.

To create 29 subnets, we need to borrow enough bits from the host field to represent 29 subnets. The formula to calculate the number of subnets is 2^n, where n is the number of borrowed bits. By trying different values, we can see that borrowing 5 bits will give us 32 subnets, which is more than the required 29 subnets. Therefore, to provide the correct subnet mask, we must borrow 5 bits from the host field.

The subnet mask 255.255.255.224 would be used in this case. This subnet mask allows for 30 usable host addresses per subnet, which is more than the required minimum of 16 hosts per subnet. The other subnet masks listed (255.255.255.192, 255.255.255.240, and 255.255.255.248) would provide fewer usable host addresses per subnet and therefore would not meet the requirement of at least 16 hosts per subnet.

The subnet address is 10.16.3.0 255.255.254.0.

True. The subnet address is the lowest address in the subnet range, which is 10.16.2.0/23 in this case.

The lowest host address in the subnet is 10.16.2.1 255.255.254.0.

False. The lowest host address in the subnet would be one more than the subnet address, so it is 10.16.2.1 in this case.

The last valid host address in the subnet is 10.16.2.254 255.255.254.0.

False. The last valid host address in the subnet would be the broadcast address minus one, so it is 10.16.3.254 in this case.

The broadcast address of the subnet is 10.16.3.255 255.255.254.0.

True. The broadcast address is the highest address in the subnet range, which is 10.16.3.255 in this case.